Insula Christi Natalis (Australia)
![Insula Christi Natalis (Australia): vexillum](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Flag_of_Christmas_Island.svg/90px-Flag_of_Christmas_Island.svg.png)
Civitas: Australia
Locus: 10°29′24″S 105°37′39″E
Situs interretialis
Fines
Forma
Caput: Flying Fish Cove
Vita
Sermo publicus: Anglice
Zona horaria: UTC+07:00, Indian/Christmas
Moneta: Australian dollar
Commemoratio
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Map_of_Christmas_Island_1976.jpg/220px-Map_of_Christmas_Island_1976.jpg)
Insula Christi Natalis (Anglice Christmas Island), rite Territorium Christi Natalis Insula, est territorium Australianum in Oceano Indico situm, 2600 chiliometra ad septentriones et occidentem Perthiae, 360 chiliometra ad meridiem Iakartae, capitis Indonesianae, et 975 chiliometra ad orientem-septentriones-orientem Insularum Cocos.
Numerus habitantium est 1402, qui in nonnullis regionibus habitationis in septentrionali insulae promontorio habitant: Flying Fish Cove (etiam appellatus Kampong), Silver City, Poon Saan, et Drumsite.
Geographica insulae solitudo et historia minimae turbationis humanae multum creavit endemismi inter suam floram et faunam—res quae se biologis et naturalistis magnopere commendat.[1] Circa 63 centesimae terrae insularis sunt Australiae patrium vivarium (Anglice, Australian national park); adsunt praeterea magnae regiones primariae silvae pluvialis. Phosphas, ut corpora mortuorum organismorum marinorum (non guanum, ut multi olim putabant) primum depositum, ex insula multos annos exfossum est.
Historia
[recensere | fontem recensere]Inventio
[recensere | fontem recensere]Exploratores Britannici et Nederlandenses insulam in earum tabulis saeculo septimo decimo ineunte primum posuerunt. Praefectus Gulielmus Mynors in Royal Mary, navi Societatis Britannicae Indiae Orientalis, insulam nominavit cum eam die Christi Natalis anno 1643 praeternavigaret.[2] Tabula Petri Goos, anno 1666 edita, fuit prima quae insulam ostendit; Goos insulam "Mony" appellavit, nomen incertae significationis.[3]
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Poonsaan2.jpg/220px-Poonsaan2.jpg)
Primus conatus ad insulam explorandam anno 1857 a nautis ex navi Amethyst egressis factus est, qui summam insulam attingere conati sunt, sed rupes eis erant insuperabiles.
Flora et fauna
[recensere | fontem recensere]![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Cococrb2.jpg/220px-Cococrb2.jpg)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Brown_booby.jpg/220px-Brown_booby.jpg)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red-footed_booby.jpg/220px-Red-footed_booby.jpg)
Insula Christi Natalis multum scientiae prodest, cum usque ad saeculum undevicensimum ab hominibus inhabitata esset; ergo, multae florae faunaeque species unicae exstant quae se sine interventione humana evolverunt. Duae partes terrae insularis nationalis reservatio? (national park) factae sunt, ab Australian Department of Environment and Heritage per Parks Australia administrata.
Flora
[recensere | fontem recensere]Confertae silvae pluviales se in profundis planitiei (Anglice: plateau) solis et in ambulationibus? (terraces) evolverunt. Hae silvae a viginti quinque speciebus arborum regnantur. Pteridophyta, Orchidaceae, et lianae super ramos in atmosphaera humida sub aulaeo silvestri (forest canopy) crescunt. Duodeviginti ex circa 135 speciebus plantarum in nullis aliis locis inveniuntur.
Endemicae Insulae Christi Natalis plantae sunt arbores Arenga listeri, Pandanus elatus, Dendrocnide peltata var. murrayana; frutices Abutilon listeri, Colubrina pedunculata, Grewia insularis, Pandanus christmatensis; lianae Hoya aldrichii et Zehneria alba; herbae Asystasia alba, Dicliptera maclearii, Peperomia rossii; gramina Ischaemum nativitatis; Pteridophytum Asplenium listeri; et Orchidaceae Brachypeza archytas, Flickingeria nativitatis, Phreatia listeri, Zeuxine exilis.[4]
Fauna
[recensere | fontem recensere]Duae species rattorum endemicorum, Rattus Macleari et Rattus nativitatis, post humanam insulae colonizationem exstinctae factae sunt. Crocidura trichura est inusitata, raro visa, et post medios annos 1980 fortasse iam exstincta; praeterea, Pipistrellus murrayi, parva vespertilionida, in magnum periculum adductus est, et fortasse etiam est exstinctus.[5]
Annua Gecarcoideae natalis migratio (circa 100 000 000 animalium) ad mare ut ova gignant, appellata unum ex miraculis mundi naturalis,[6] quotannis circa Novembrem fit, tempore humido coepto, orbem lunae sequens.
Cancri terrestres et aves marinae sunt insignissima insulae animalia. Viginti describuntur cancri species terrestres et inter aestus viventes, quarum tredecim habentur veri cancri terrestres, qui in mare confidunt solum pro evolutione larvarum. Permulti Birgi latrones in insula habitant.
Nexus interni
Notae
[recensere | fontem recensere]- ↑ "Save Christmas Island – Introduction". The Wilderness Society. 19 September 2002
- ↑ "Department of the Environment, Water, Heritage and the Arts: Christmas Island History". Australian Government. 8 July 2008
- ↑ "Digital Collections – Maps – Goos, Pieter, ca. 1616–1675. Paskaerte Zynde t'Oosterdeel Van Oost Indien (cartographic material) : met alle de Eylanden deer ontrendt geleegen van C. Comorin tot aen Iapan". National Library of Australia
- ↑ Christmas Island National Park: Flora.
- ↑ "Parks Australia"
- ↑ "Geoscience Australia on Christmas Island"
Bibliographia
[recensere | fontem recensere]- Adams, Jan, et Marg Neale. 1993. Christmas Island: The Early Years: 1888–1958. Bruce Neale. ISBN 0-646-14894-X.
- Allen, Gerald R., Roger C. Steene, ety Max Orchard. (1998) 2007. Fishes of Christmas Island. Christmas Island Natural History Association. (ISBN 0-9591210-1-3.) ISBN 978-0-9591210-8-7.
- Andrews, Charles W. 1899. "A Description of Christmas Island (Indian Ocean)." Geographical Journal 13(1):17–35.
- Andrews, Charles W. 1900. A Monograph of Christmas Island. Londinii.
- Anonymus. 1984. Christmas Island, Indian Ocean: A Unique Island. A comitia laborum apud phosphate mining company divulgatus.
- Ayris, Cyril. 1993. Tai Ko Seng: Gordon Bennett of Christmas Island. Gordon Bennett Educational Foundation. ISBN 0-646-15483-4.
- Bosman, D., ed. 1993. Christmas Island Police: 1958–1983. Ab editore divulgatus.
- Formula:CIA World Factbook
- Flora: Endemic plants. Parks and Reserves: Christmas Island National Park. Australia Government - Dept of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communities, Government of Australia. Recentissime augmentatus 11 Novebris 2010.
- Gray, H. S. 1981. Christmas Island Naturally. Ab auctore divulgatus. ISBN 0-9594105-0-3.
- Hicks, John, Rumpff Holger, et Hugh Yorkston. 1984. Christmas Crabs. Christmas Island Natural History Association. ISBN 0-9591210-0-5.
- National Library of Australia. 1979. The Indian Ocean: A Select Bibliography. ISBN 0-642-99150-2.
- Neale, Margaret. 1988. We were the Christmas Islanders. Bruce Neale. ISBN 0-7316-4158-2/0-7316-4157-4.
- Wharton, W. J. L. 1888. "Account of Christmas Island, Indian Ocean." Proceedings of the Royal Geographical Society and Monthly Record of Geography 10(10):613–624.
- Waters, Les. (1983) 1992. The Union of Christmas Island Workers. St. Leonards, NWS: Allen & Unwin.
Nexus externi
[recensere | fontem recensere]- "Australia Puts Its Refugee Problem on a Remote Island, Behind Razor Wire," New York Times, 5 Novembris 2009
- Christmas Island Act 1958
- Christmas Island Shire, publicus gubernationis situs
- Christmas Island Tourism Association, publicus peregrinationis situs
- Christmas Island Travel Guide, ab Unearth Travel, "creative commons travel wiki"
- Nationalis Insulae Christi Natalis Reservatio (Christmas Island National Park), publicum Nationalis Insulae Christi Natalis Resrevationis situm