Bullying and cyberbullying are significant risk behaviors among adolescents, impacting mental health not only of victims but also perpetrators, with potential lifelong effects throughout their lifespan. Families, being the closest part of adolescents' lives, may predict these behaviors. Determining the factors of bullying and cyberbullying is essential to form the basis of more appropriate interventions. The aim of the study was to identify the determinants of bullying and cyberbullying among adolescents. This quantitative study involved 666 junior high school students (285 males; 381 females) aged 13–15 years, utilizing modified questionnaires from The Bully Survey-Student Version. Data were analyzed using chi-square tests in SPSS. Results showed that 27.33% of students experienced bullying, predominantly verbal (70%), occurring mainly in classrooms (31%). Cyberbullying was most common on WhatsApp (50%) and typically occurred once a day (48%). There was no significant relationship between gender (p = 0.767), parental status (p = 0.847), and maternal status (p = 0.485). However, economic status (p = 0.013) and living with parents (p = 0.013) were significant factors. The determinants of bullying and cyberbullying can explain the occurrence of these behaviors among adolescents. These findings have implications for strategies to prevent and intervene in bullying among adolescents.

This study aims to describe the concept and measurement of optimism and its relationship with other variables. This study used the keyword search method and the PRISMA checklist in three databases: Pubmed, SCOPUS, and ScienceDirect. From 887 relevant articles, 11 articles that met the inclusion criteria were selected for analysis. The results showed that optimism is a complex and multidimensional concept that can be measured by various scales and measurement tools. One of the most commonly used instruments is the Life Orientation Test Revised (LOT-R) scale, which consists of 10 items and is rated on a 5-point Likert scale. Reliability in this scale is α=0.71. This study also found significant relationships between optimism and health, work engagement, and self-esteem. However, development and refinement of optimism measurement methods are needed to make it more accurate and reliable.

Work engagement represents the enthusiasm and dedication of employees towards the company, which can lead to creativity and innovation among employees. Work engagement in employees can be influenced by various factors, including social support such as family supportive supervisor behavior (FSBB), length of service, and age. This study aims to investigate the effect of FSBB, length of service, and age on WE among employees at PT. Apex Mitra Prima. The 136 participants (SDage = 3.39; Meanage = 26.45) completed the Utrecht Work Engagement scale (α = 0.85) and the FSSB scale (α = 0.98). The data were analyzed using hierarchical regression and post- hoc tests, including LSD. The results indicate that FSBB and length of service significantly influence WE (p < .05), while age does not have a significant effect on WE. Employees who have worked for more than five years have higher WE compared to other categories, although no significant differences were found among categories. The study's findings among 136 employees show that FSBB and length of service have a significant effect on WE, while age does not have a significant effect. The implications of this study are the importance of the supervisor's role in creating a supportive and motivating work environment to achieve optimal WE levels.

This research aims to prove whether empirically self-compassion has a role in the resource index and vulnerability index (as a resilience score index) in first-year university students. A descriptive quantitative approach was used to see existing correlation and role, with simple linear regression analysis as the primary statistical test. The subjects were 81 first-year students (12 males and 69 females) at universities in Central Java, obtained through convenience sampling. Data collection was carried out using the Indonesian version of the Resiliency Scale for Children and Adolescents (RSCA) and the self-compassion scale. Self-compassion plays a positive role in the resource index (R= .36, p< .001) with an effective contribution of 13.2% (R2= .132) and a negative role in the vulnerability index (R=- .49, p< .001) with an effective contribution of 24.4% (R2= .244). Self-compassion has been shown to play an essential role in the resilience of first-year university students.

Early marriage is a complex phenomenon that has significant impacts on individuals, families, and society. This systematic review aims to explore the various drivers of early marriage as they relate to psychological well-being. PRISMA 2018 was used in this study by reviewing research articles published from 2015-2024, the keywords used to search for article were “Psychological Well-Being“ AND “Risk Factor” AND “Early Marriage” OR “Child Marriage”, through Scopus, Science Direct, Ebsco Host, Springer Link, JSTOR, Pubmed, Research Gate, and Emerald databases. Nine articles were found to meet the inclusion criteria. This study found that early marriage is influenced by low education, cultural, economic, social, family support, strong religious influence, and living in rural areas. The low level of psychological well-being as a result of early marriage found in women is influenced by expectations from partners to become mothers and housekeepers. At the same time, young people are not emotionally or psychologically ready to take on this role, and financial dependence on partners increases oppression or domestic violence. Further research is needed to examine the psychological well-being of men who enter early marriage from different countries.

Educational reform requires the development of institutions and changes in organizational culture, which can potentially lead to job uncertainty and mental health issues among staff, thereby affecting the performance and productivity of the faculty. This study aims to illustrate the relationship between intolerance of uncertainty (IU), mental health conditions, employees’ personal modality in the context of employees in educational institutions. This study uses a scoping review and bibliometric techniques. There were 203 relevant articles, but only 9 corpus met the defined inclusion criteria. This study describes the trend of studies on employees' adaptation to change in educational institutions and the role of employees' personal modalities in adapting to change, as well as mental health conditions in the work environment. Employee personal arrangement, such as optimism and the ability to manage work patterns in educational institutions, play an important role between IUs and their mental health conditions during work.

The challenges and intensity of raising children with special needs can lead to various negative psychological conditions in mothers. This study aims to understand and identify the stress that arises in caregiving and the coping strategies used by mothers of children with special needs. This research employs a systematic literature review method. A total of 6946 articles were found and 7 articles met the criteria for review. Various obstacles and challenges that arise at certain moments in caring for these children can lead to increased levels of stress, depression, anxiety, and a decline in optimism and marital quality. It can be concluded that several coping strategies play a important role in addressing these challenge. Active coping strategies such as seeking social support, learning about the child's health condition, and looking for family support. Other strategies include self-management coping strategies, religious/spiritual coping strategies, and socio-cultural coping strategies.

Working as first responders requires officers to be in a state of full awareness of preparedness, thus allowing compassion fatigue to occur. Compassion fatigue is one of the psychological problems associated with exposure to stress secondary traumatic disorder and burnout. The study focuses on how and what compassion fatigue happen to first responders in dealing with natural disaster using scoping review. The study used scoping review with the Sciencedirect and ProQuest databases which of the 402 research articles used 3 articles that had been reviewed and analyzed using descriptive narrative analysis techniques. Result found that compassion fatigue can be realized or not by first responders. Apart from that, workplace conditions and field conditions also influence the compassion fatigue experienced by first responders. However, despite facing compassion fatigue, concern for others and the environment is one of the reasons first responders remain serious about carrying out their duties. Further research is recommended on compassion fatigue experienced by the first responders in Asia, including shift work consequences and coping strategies for psychological disorders.

Research in benevolent childhood experiences or positive childhood experiences has gain much attention to buffer the detrimental effects of childhood adverisities. The current scoping review aims to present the current state of knowledge on the impacts of benevolent childhood experiences towards psychological and physiological outcomes in adolescents and adults. Articles retrieved from Scopus, PubMed, Proquest, and ScienceDirect published from 2010- 2024 were systematically identified based on PRISMA Guidelines. Five hundred and twenty articles were retrieved and eleven full-text articles were analyzed. Benevolent childhood experiences or positive childhood experiences were predictive of ideal cardiovascular health at midlife and on cognitive functions. This interrelation could be explained paralleled with the effects of benevolent childhood experiences towards psychological outcomes that has the potential to foster a sense of control, resilience and self- efficacy. There are numerous positive psychological and physiological outcomes of benevolent childhood experiences in adolescents and adults.