tarb

Old Irish

Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *tarwos (compare Gaulish taruos), from Proto-Indo-European *táwros (compare Latin taurus).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [tarβ]

Noun

tarb m (genitive tairb, nominative plural tairb)

1. bull

Declension

Masculine o-stem
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	tarb	tarbL	tairbL
Vocative	tairb	tarbL	tarbuH
Accusative	tarbN	tarbL	tarbuH
Genitive	tairbL	tarb	tarbN
Dative	tarbL	tarbaib	tarbaib
Initial mutations of a following adjective: H = triggers aspiration L = triggers lenition N = triggers nasalization

Descendants

• Irish: tarbh
• Manx: tarroo
• Scottish Gaelic: tarbh
• → Old Norse: tarfr
  • Faroese: tarvur m
  • Icelandic: tarfur m

Mutation

Old Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Nasalization
tarb	tharb	tarb pronounced with /d(ʲ)-/
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “tarb”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language