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pauldron

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English

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From earlier pouldron,[1] poleron, paleron[2] from Middle English polron,[2] palerns, pollerons.[3] This may have been borrowed from Old French paleron,[3] which derives from elements corresponding to French pale (“blade (of a shovel, etc)”) + -eron but was semantically influenced by Old French espaule (“shoulder”) (whence French épaule).[4] Alternatively, some references derive the Middle English word from Middle French espalleron, espauleron, from Old French espaule.[2][5] Although a form with d at the end is found in Middle English (polrondys,[3] compare Early Modern English polrynges c. 1550), the interpolation of a d between the l and the r dates to the 1500s;[1] the d, and the preference since the early 1800s for the spelling and pronunciation with paul- rather than poul-, may be due to the influence of spaulder.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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pauldron (plural pauldrons)

  1. A component of plate armor that protects the shoulder, generally covering more than a spaulder, also protecting the armpit and overlapping with other armor over the upper chest and back.
    Coordinate terms: spaulder, epauliere, espauliere
    • 1834, Matthew Holbeche Bloxam, A Glimpse at the Monumental Architecture and Sculpture of Great Britain from the Earliest Period to the Eighteenth Century:
      Upon the espaulieres are placed pauldrons, also ridged, with the edges turned up, so as to form the prototypes of pass-guards.
    • 1976, Apollo: A Journal of the Arts:
      […] a pair of pauldrons with the light horizontal bar which in later years developed into the high neckguard of the sixteenth century; numbers of gauntlets, visors of helmets, and other pieces, the handling of which is a sheer joy  […]
    • 2004, Kevin Grace, Tom White, Cincinnati Cemeteries: The Queen City Underground, Arcadia Publishing, →ISBN, page 142:
      […] the elbow cop or coudiere for the elbow; and the rerebrace or arriere-bras for the upper arm. The shoulder cop, pauldron or epauliere which covered the shoulder, and often a large part of the breast and back, was usually considered a part of the arm guard.
    • 2013, Paul F. Walker, The History of Armour, 1100-1700:
      This rim involved a raised rolled edge on the rerebrace that was inserted into a raised lip on the lower lame of the pauldron.

Translations

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See also

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Further reading

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  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 James A. H. Murray et al., editors (1884–1928), “Pouldron”, in A New English Dictionary on Historical Principles (Oxford English Dictionary), London: Clarendon Press, →OCLC.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 “pauldron”, in Dictionary.com Unabridged, Dictionary.com, LLC, 1995–present.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 “polron, noun.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
  4. ^ “paleron”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
  5. ^ “pauldron”, in Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: Merriam-Webster, 1996–present.
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