knebeln
Appearance
German
[edit]Etymology
[edit]17th century, derived from Knebel, from Middle High German knebel, from Old High German knebil. The word originally meant a stick used to tighten a tie or to bind something to, later also the tie itself. Dutch knevelen shows the same semantic development, being used chiefly for “to gag”, but also in the broader sense “to tie up”.
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]knebeln (weak, third-person singular present knebelt, past tense knebelte, past participle geknebelt, auxiliary haben)
- (transitive) to gag (tie a piece of cloth around someone’s mouth to prevent them from shouting)
- (transitive, less common, not fully standard) to hog-tie (tie up someone’s arms and legs to prevent them from moving)
- 2011, Monika Kennedy, Horror in England - Mein Verlobter hat mich lebendig begraben, www.bild.de:
- An Händen und Füßen geknebelt, der Mund verklebt, verscharrt in einem Papp-Sarg – ein Horror!
- Hog-tied at your hands and feet, adhesive tape over your mouth, buried in a cardboard coffin—a horror!
- (transitive, figurative) to hog-tie; to render helpless; to oppress; to enslave
Usage notes
[edit]- Most dictionaries give only the sense “to gag”, but the sense “to hog-tie” is attestable from Early Modern German to the present. Often both ideas also go hand in hand, especially in the combination gefesselt und geknebelt (“hog-tied and gagged”). Note that fesseln as such is broader in meaning, as it can also mean “to handcuff” or “to tie to something immovable”, which knebeln never does.
Conjugation
[edit]infinitive | knebeln | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
present participle | knebelnd | ||||
past participle | geknebelt | ||||
auxiliary | haben | ||||
indicative | subjunctive | ||||
singular | plural | singular | plural | ||
present | ich kneble ich knebele ich knebel |
wir knebeln | i | ich knebele ich kneble |
wir knebeln |
du knebelst | ihr knebelt | du knebelest du kneblest |
ihr knebelet ihr kneblet | ||
er knebelt | sie knebeln | er knebele er kneble |
sie knebeln | ||
preterite | ich knebelte | wir knebelten | ii | ich knebelte1 | wir knebelten1 |
du knebeltest | ihr knebeltet | du knebeltest1 | ihr knebeltet1 | ||
er knebelte | sie knebelten | er knebelte1 | sie knebelten1 | ||
imperative | kneble (du) knebel (du) knebele (du) |
knebelt (ihr) |
1Rare except in very formal contexts; alternative in würde normally preferred.
Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]Categories:
- German terms derived from Middle High German
- German terms derived from Old High German
- German 2-syllable words
- German terms with IPA pronunciation
- German terms with audio pronunciation
- German lemmas
- German verbs
- German weak verbs
- German verbs using haben as auxiliary
- German transitive verbs
- German terms with quotations