crosta

Catalan

Etymology

Inherited from Latin crusta (“bark, crust, shell”) (compare Occitan crosta, French croûte, Spanish costra), from Proto-Indo-European *krustós (“hardened”), from *krews- (“to form a crust, begin to freeze”). The /ɔ/ is unexpected and perhaps due to influence from other words with similar meanings.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Central, Balearic) [ˈkɾɔs.tə]
• IPA^(key): (Valencia) [ˈkɾɔs.ta]

• Audio (Valencia):

  (file)

Noun

crosta f (plural crostes)

1. crust (any hard surface layer; surface layer of most breads and pastries)
2. (geology) crust (outermost solid layer of a planet)

   Synonym: escorça

3. rind (hard surface layer of a cheese)
4. scab (crust over a wound made from clotted blood)

Derived terms

• crosta làctia (“cradle cap”)
• crostera (“scab”)
• crostó (“heel [of bread]”)
• crostós (“crusty”)
• encrostar (“to encrust”)

 

Related terms

• incrustar

Further reading

• “crosta” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
• “crosta” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
• “crosta”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2024

Irish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkrˠɔs̪ˠt̪ˠə/

Etymology 1

Participle

crosta

1. past participle of cros

Adjective

crosta

1. fractious
2. troublesome, difficult
3. mischievous, contrary (of child)
4. forbidden

   Synonyms: coiscthe, faoi chosc, toirmiscthe

Derived terms

• crostacht

Noun

crosta m sg

1. genitive singular of crosadh

Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Preposition

crosta (plus genitive, triggers no mutation)

1. across

Adverb

crosta

1. across

Mutation

Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Eclipsis
crosta	chrosta	gcrosta
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

• Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “crosta”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
• de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959) “crosta”, in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm
• “crosta”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013-2024

Italian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkrɔ.sta/, (dialectal) /ˈkro.sta/
• Rhymes: -ɔsta, (dialectal) -osta
• Hyphenation: crò‧sta, (dialectal) cró‧sta

Etymology 1

From Latin crusta, from Proto-Indo-European *krustós (“hardened”), from *krews- (“to form a crust, begin to freeze”).

Noun

crosta f (plural croste)

1. crust (of cheese, bread, etc.)
2. scab (of a wound)
3. daub (bad picture)
4. rind

Derived terms

• crosta lattea (“cradle cap”)
• crosta terrestre (“Earth's crust”)
• crostare

 

Related terms

• crostoso

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

crosta

1. inflection of crostare:
   1. third-person singular present indicative
   2. second-person singular imperative

Further reading

• crosta in Collins Italian-English Dictionary
• crosta in Luciano Canepari, Dizionario di Pronuncia Italiana (DiPI)
• crosta in Aldo Gabrielli, Grandi Dizionario Italiano (Hoepli)
• crosta in garzantilinguistica.it – Garzanti Linguistica, De Agostini Scuola Spa
• crosta in Dizionario Italiano Olivetti, Olivetti Media Communication
• crosta in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana

Anagrams

• castro, castrò, scarto, scartò, scorta, storca

Lombard

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkrusta/

Noun

crosta f

1. crust

Further reading

• crosta on the Lombard Wikipedia.Wikipedia ^lmo

Occitan

Etymology

From Old Occitan [Term?], from Latin crusta.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkɾustɔ/

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

crosta f (plural crostas)

1. crust

Derived terms

• crostet
• crostilhada
• crostilhar
• crostós
• descrostar

 

Portuguese

Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese, from Latin crusta, from Proto-Indo-European *krustós (“hardened”), from *krews- (“to form a crust, begin to freeze”).

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈkɾos.tɐ/

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈkɾos.tɐ/
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /ˈkɾoʃ.tɐ/
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈkɾos.ta/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ˈkɾoʃ.tɐ/

• Hyphenation: cro‧ta

Noun

crosta f (plural crostas)

1. crust (any solid, hard surface layer; outer layer of bread and pastry)
2. (geology) crust (outermost layer of a planet)
3. scab (incrustation over a wound)

   Synonyms: bostela, casca

Related terms

• crostoso

Further reading

• “crosta”, in iDicionário Aulete (in Portuguese), Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon Editora Digital, 2008–2024
• “crosta”, in Dicionário inFormal (in Portuguese), 2006–2024
• “crosta” in Dicionário Aberto based on Novo Diccionário da Língua Portuguesa de Cândido de Figueiredo, 1913
• “crosta”, in Dicionário infopédia da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2024
• “crosta”, in Michaelis Dicionário Brasileiro da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), São Paulo: Editora Melhoramentos, 2015–2024
• “crosta”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2024

Scottish Gaelic

Alternative forms

• crosda

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkʰɾɔs̪t̪ə/

Adjective

crosta

1. cross, irritable, grumpy, grouchy
2. naughty, peevish

Synonyms

• dranndanach
• gruamach

Mutation

Scottish Gaelic mutation
Radical	Lenition
crosta	chrosta
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.