bravo
Translingual
[edit]![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Bravo_flag.svg/170px-Bravo_flag.svg.png)
Noun
[edit]bravo
- Alternative letter-case form of Bravo of the ICAO/NATO radiotelephony alphabet.
English
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from Italian bravo. Doublet of brave.
Pronunciation
[edit]- (General American) IPA(key): /ˈbɹɑvoʊ/, /bɹɑˈvoʊ/
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /ˈbɹɑːvəʊ/, /bɹɑːˈvəʊ/
- Rhymes: -ɑːvəʊ, Rhymes: -əʊ
Audio (Canada): (file)
Noun
[edit]bravo (plural bravos or bravoes or bravi)
- (plural "bravi") A hired soldier; an assassin; a desperado.
- 1753, Theophilus Cibber, The Lives of the Poets of Great Britain and Ireland (1753)[1]:
- As for Rochester, he had not genius enough to enter the lists with Dryden, so he fell upon another method of revenge; and meanly hired bravoes to assault him.
- 1911, H. Rider Haggard, Red Eve[2]:
- "Why should I fight the King of England's bravoes?" inquired Acour in a languid voice of those who stood about him, a question at which they laughed.
- 1953, Raymond Chandler, The Long Goodbye, Penguin, published 2010, page 104:
- Because the headache will always be there, a weapon that never wears out and is as deadly as the bravo’s rapier or Lucrezia's poison vial.
- A shout of "bravo!"
- 1907, Kate Dickinson Sweetser, Boys and girls from Thackeray[3]:
- There was a roar of bravoes rang through the house; Pen bellowing with the loudest.
- (international standards, plural "bravos") Alternative letter-case form of Bravo from the NATO/ICAO Phonetic Alphabet.
Synonyms
[edit]- (hired soldier): see Thesaurus:mercenary
Interjection
[edit]bravo!
- Used to express acclaim, especially to a performer.
- Synonyms: see Thesaurus:well done
- Bravo, you have done a brilliant job!
Usage notes
[edit]Sometimes the (non-anglicized) Italian feminine form brava is used for a woman or girl, and the Italian plural forms brave f pl are used for female referents only, and bravi m pl are used for male only or two or more male and female referents.
Related terms
[edit]Translations
[edit]
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- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Verb
[edit]bravo (third-person singular simple present bravos or bravoes, present participle bravoing, simple past and past participle bravoed)
- To cheer or applaud, especially by saying bravo!
- 1910, May Agnes Fleming, The Baronet's Bride[4]:
- "And my Sunbeam was bravoed, and encored, and crowned with flowers, was she not?"
- 1899, Richard Le Gallienne, Young Lives[5]:
- Together they had bravoed the great tragedians, and together hopelessly worshipped the beautiful faces, enskied and sainted, of famous actresses.
Asturian
[edit]Adjective
[edit]bravo
Finnish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]- IPA(key): /ˈbrɑʋo(ː)/, [ˈbrɑ̝ʋo̞(ː)]
- IPA(key): /brɑˈʋo(ː)/, [brɑ̝ˈʋo̞(ː)]
- IPA(key): /ˈbrɑːʋo/, [ˈbrɑ̝ːʋo̞]
- Rhymes: -ɑʋo
- Syllabification(key): bra‧vo
Interjection
[edit]bravo
- bravo
Further reading
[edit]- “bravo”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish][6] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-12-12
French
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from Italian bravo. Doublet of brave.
Pronunciation
[edit]Interjection
[edit]bravo
- bravo!, hear, hear!, well said!, well done!
Noun
[edit]bravo m (plural bravos)
Related terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “bravo”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Galician
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese bravo, from Latin barbarus,[1] which was frequently found in Galician medieval Latin documentation with the meaning of "uncultivated, fallow".[2] Alternatively from Vulgar Latin *bravus or *brabus, from a fusion of Latin prāvus and barbarus.
Adjective
[edit]bravo (feminine brava, masculine plural bravos, feminine plural bravas)
- uncultivated, harsh, rough (when referring to a land)
- 1334, M. Lucas Alvarez & P. P. Lucas Domínguez (eds. ), San Pedro de Ramirás. Un monasterio femenino en la Edad Media. Santiago: Caixa Galicia, page 487:
- et nos dedes delle en cada ano terça do pan e do viño, e de lino e de liguma do feytuo, e do monte bravo que aromperdes
- and you'll give us each year a third of the grain and of the wine, of the flax, and of the pulses, and of the uncultivated lands that you could plough up
- 1334, M. Lucas Alvarez & P. P. Lucas Domínguez (eds. ), San Pedro de Ramirás. Un monasterio femenino en la Edad Media. Santiago: Caixa Galicia, page 487:
- wild, spontaneous (when referring to a plant)
- Synonym: ventureiro
- wild, untamed (when referring to an animal)
- Synonym: salvaxe
- harsh, fierce
- 1364, Clara Rodríguez Núñez (ed.), "Santa María de Belvís, un convento mendicante femenino en la Baja Edad Media (1305-1400)", Estudios Mindonienses, 5, page 441:
- son ende quatro boys, dous bravos et dous massos
- there are four oxen: two are fierce and two are meek
- Synonym: fero
- 1364, Clara Rodríguez Núñez (ed.), "Santa María de Belvís, un convento mendicante femenino en la Baja Edad Media (1305-1400)", Estudios Mindonienses, 5, page 441:
- strong (when referring to a beverage) or hot spicy
- Synonym: forte
- bold, valiant
Derived terms
[edit]- besta brava (“wild horse”)
- Bravos
- faneca brava (“lesser weever”)
- porco bravo (“wild pig”)
Related terms
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]Interjection
[edit]bravo!
References
[edit]- Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “bravo”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
- Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “bravo”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
- Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “bravo”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
- Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “bravo”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN
- ^ Joan Coromines, José A. Pascual (1983–1991) “bravo”, in Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico (in Spanish), Madrid: Gredos
- ^ barbaras in Gallaeciae Monumenta Historica.
Indonesian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Interjection
[edit]bravo
Further reading
[edit]- “bravo” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
Italian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Uncertain. Probably from Vulgar Latin *bravus, from a fusion of Latin prāvus and barbarus.[1] Less likely from Provençal brau (“show-off”), from Gaulish *bragos (compare Middle Irish breagha (modern breá) 'fine', Breton braga 'to strut').[2] Or perhaps borrowed from a descendant of Proto-Germanic *hrawaz (“raw, uncooked”). Or possibly from a root *bravus, from bravium. Borrowed into French and English as brave.
Pierre Carpentier, in an 18th-century edition of du Cange's 17th-century dictionary of medieval and modern Latin, argued Latin branus originated in a misreading of Italian and Spanish bravo.[3] However, George Nicholson argues the opposite in a 1950 Festschrift article, namely bravo being a misreading of Latin branus, which would have the origin du Cange had originally argued for, from Old French brahaigne (“barren”) (see barren).[2] Compare English gravy, possibly a misreading of French grané (“stew”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Adjective
[edit]bravo (feminine brava, masculine plural bravi, feminine plural brave, superlative bravissimo)
- (prepositional) good, well-behaved
- good, skilful, capable, clever, fine
- good, obedient
- (obsolete) brave, bold
- (obsolete) wild, untamed (of animals)
- (obsolete) harsh (of places)
Related terms
[edit]Noun
[edit]bravo m (plural bravi)
Interjection
[edit]bravo m (feminine brava, masculine plural bravi, feminine plural brave)
Descendants
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Joan Coromines, José A. Pascual (1983–1991) “bravo”, in Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico (in Spanish), Madrid: Gredos
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 http://blog.oup.com/2013/11/brave-etymology-word-origin/
- ^ http://ducange.enc.sorbonne.fr/BRANA
Portuguese
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]
Etymology 1
[edit]Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese bravo, possibly from Vulgar Latin *bravus or *brabus, from a fusion of Latin prāvus and barbarus.
Alternative forms
[edit]- brabo (regionalism)
Adjective
[edit]bravo (feminine brava, masculine plural bravos, feminine plural bravas, comparable, comparative mais bravo, superlative o mais bravo or bravíssimo, diminutive bravinho, augmentative bravão)
- angry; furious, annoyed
- Synonyms: furioso, irado, raivoso, enraivecido
- Fico bravo quando você entra sem bater.
- I get angry when you enter without knocking first.
- brave; valiant, courageous
- coarse; uneducated, uncivilized
- prone to irritation, easily angered, bad-tempered, choleric
- Synonyms: genioso, irritadiço
- rigorous, authoritarian
- difficult, unmanageable (of a person or situation)
- undomesticated (of an animal)
- spontaneous, weed (of a plant or vegetable)
- Synonym: espontâneo
- uncultivated (of the land)
- stormy (of the sea)
- Synonym: tempestuoso
- (Brazil, slang) a term akin to English dope, hard; meaning cool or good, usually with an aggressive connotation
Derived terms
[edit]Noun
[edit]bravo m (plural bravos)
- (Brazil) a certain part of an oxcart
- (North Brazil) a neophyte to rubber tapping, a novice seringueiro
Etymology 2
[edit]Interjection
[edit]bravo!
Romanian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from French bravo or Italian bravo.
Interjection
[edit]bravo
Spanish
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Inherited from Old Spanish bravo, possibly from Vulgar Latin *bravus or *brabus, from a fusion of Latin prāvus and barbarus (or from metathesis of an intermediate form *babru-).[1]
Adjective
[edit]bravo (feminine brava, masculine plural bravos, feminine plural bravas, superlative bravísimo)
- angry, furious
- bold, courageous
- Synonym: valiente
- skilful, capable, clever, fine
- good, excellent
- agitated (sea)
- wild (animal)
- Synonym: salvaje
Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]Interjection
[edit]¡bravo!
Further reading
[edit]- “bravo”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
References
[edit]- ^ Joan Coromines, José A. Pascual (1983–1991) Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico (in Spanish), Madrid: Gredos
Swedish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Internationalism, from Italian bravo.
Pronunciation
[edit]Interjection
[edit]bravo
Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]References
[edit]- bravo in Svensk ordbok (SO)
- bravo in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
- bravo in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)
Turkish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Ottoman Turkish براوو, from Italian bravo.
Pronunciation
[edit]Interjection
[edit]bravo!
- Translingual lemmas
- Translingual nouns
- English terms borrowed from Italian
- English terms derived from Italian
- English doublets
- English 2-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:English/ɑːvəʊ
- Rhymes:English/ɑːvəʊ/2 syllables
- Rhymes:English/əʊ
- Rhymes:English/əʊ/2 syllables
- English terms with audio links
- English lemmas
- English nouns
- English countable nouns
- English nouns with irregular plurals
- English terms with quotations
- English interjections
- English terms with usage examples
- English verbs
- Asturian non-lemma forms
- Asturian adjective forms
- Finnish terms borrowed from Italian
- Finnish terms derived from Italian
- Finnish 2-syllable words
- Finnish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Finnish/ɑʋo
- Rhymes:Finnish/ɑʋo/2 syllables
- Finnish lemmas
- Finnish interjections
- French terms borrowed from Italian
- French terms derived from Italian
- French doublets
- French 2-syllable words
- French terms with IPA pronunciation
- French terms with audio links
- French lemmas
- French interjections
- French nouns
- French countable nouns
- French masculine nouns
- Galician terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Galician/abo
- Rhymes:Galician/abo/2 syllables
- Galician terms inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese
- Galician terms derived from Old Galician-Portuguese
- Galician terms inherited from Latin
- Galician terms derived from Latin
- Galician terms inherited from Vulgar Latin
- Galician terms derived from Vulgar Latin
- Galician lemmas
- Galician adjectives
- Galician terms with quotations
- Galician terms borrowed from Italian
- Galician terms derived from Italian
- Galician interjections
- Indonesian terms borrowed from Italian
- Indonesian terms derived from Italian
- Indonesian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Indonesian/vo
- Rhymes:Indonesian/vo/2 syllables
- Indonesian lemmas
- Indonesian interjections
- Italian terms with unknown etymologies
- Italian terms inherited from Vulgar Latin
- Italian terms derived from Vulgar Latin
- Italian terms inherited from Latin
- Italian terms derived from Latin
- Italian terms derived from Provençal
- Italian terms derived from Gaulish
- Italian terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Italian terms derived from Old French
- Italian 2-syllable words
- Italian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Italian terms with audio links
- Rhymes:Italian/avo
- Rhymes:Italian/avo/2 syllables
- Italian lemmas
- Italian adjectives
- Italian terms with obsolete senses
- Italian nouns
- Italian countable nouns
- Italian masculine nouns
- Italian interjections
- it:Theater
- Portuguese 2-syllable words
- Portuguese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Portuguese/avu
- Rhymes:Portuguese/avu/2 syllables
- Rhymes:Portuguese/abu
- Rhymes:Portuguese/abu/2 syllables
- Portuguese terms inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese
- Portuguese terms derived from Old Galician-Portuguese
- Portuguese terms inherited from Vulgar Latin
- Portuguese terms derived from Vulgar Latin
- Portuguese terms inherited from Latin
- Portuguese terms derived from Latin
- Portuguese lemmas
- Portuguese adjectives
- Portuguese comparable adjectives
- Portuguese terms with usage examples
- Brazilian Portuguese
- Portuguese slang
- Portuguese nouns
- Portuguese countable nouns
- Portuguese masculine nouns
- Northern Brazilian Portuguese
- Portuguese terms borrowed from Italian
- Portuguese terms derived from Italian
- Portuguese interjections
- Romanian terms borrowed from French
- Romanian terms derived from French
- Romanian terms borrowed from Italian
- Romanian terms derived from Italian
- Romanian lemmas
- Romanian interjections
- Spanish 2-syllable words
- Spanish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Spanish/abo
- Rhymes:Spanish/abo/2 syllables
- Spanish terms inherited from Old Spanish
- Spanish terms derived from Old Spanish
- Spanish terms inherited from Vulgar Latin
- Spanish terms derived from Vulgar Latin
- Spanish terms inherited from Latin
- Spanish terms derived from Latin
- Spanish lemmas
- Spanish adjectives
- Spanish terms borrowed from Italian
- Spanish terms derived from Italian
- Spanish interjections
- Swedish internationalisms
- Swedish terms derived from Italian
- Swedish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Swedish/¹ɑːvʊ
- Rhymes:Swedish/¹ɑːvʊ/2 syllables
- Swedish lemmas
- Swedish interjections
- Turkish terms inherited from Ottoman Turkish
- Turkish terms derived from Ottoman Turkish
- Turkish terms derived from Italian
- Turkish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Turkish lemmas
- Turkish interjections
- tr:Theater