Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/sūganą

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

A back-formation from the iterative *sukkōną (“to suck”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈsuː.ɣɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*sūganą

1. to suck
2. to suckle

Inflection

Conjugation of *sūganą (strong class 2)

	active voice			passive voice
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*sūgō	*sūgaų	—	*sūgai	?
2nd singular	*sūgizi	*sūgaiz	*sūg	*sūgazai	*sūgaizau
3rd singular	*sūgidi	*sūgai	*sūgadau	*sūgadai	*sūgaidau
1st dual	*sūgōz	*sūgaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*sūgadiz	*sūgaidiz	*sūgadiz	—	—
1st plural	*sūgamaz	*sūgaim	—	*sūgandai	*sūgaindau
2nd plural	*sūgid	*sūgaid	*sūgid	*sūgandai	*sūgaindau
3rd plural	*sūgandi	*sūgain	*sūgandau	*sūgandai	*sūgaindau
past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*saug	*sugį̄
2nd singular	*sauht	*sugīz
3rd singular	*saug	*sugī
1st dual	*sugū	*sugīw
2nd dual	*sugudiz	*sugīdiz
1st plural	*sugum	*sugīm
2nd plural	*sugud	*sugīd
3rd plural	*sugun	*sugīn
	present	past
participles	*sūgandz	*suganaz

Derived terms

• *saugijaną

Related terms

• *sūkaną

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *sūgan
  • Old English: sūgan
    • Middle English: sugen (partially)
  • Old Frisian: *sūga
    • Saterland Frisian: suge
    • West Frisian: sûge
  • Old Saxon: sūgan
    • Middle Low German: sugen, sȫgen
      • Low German: sugen
  • Old Dutch: sūgan
    • Middle Dutch: sugen
      • Dutch: zuigen
        • Afrikaans: suig
        • Negerhollands: sug
        • → Sranan Tongo: soygi
      • Limburgish: zuge
  • Old High German: sūgan
    • Middle High German: sūgen
      • Alemannic German: suuge
      • German: saugen
      • Luxembourgish: saugen
      • Yiddish: זויגן (zoygn)
• Old Norse: súga, sjúga
  • Icelandic: súga, sjúga
  • Faroese: súgva
  • Norwegian Bokmål: suge
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: suga
  • Old Swedish: sūgha
    • Swedish: suga
  • Old Danish: sūghæ
    • Danish: suge
  • Elfdalian: sauga
  • Gutnish: säuge
  • Scanian: súğa