Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/kʷarrā

This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Celtic

Noun

*kʷarrā f

1. spear

   Synonym: *gaisos

Inflection

Feminine ā-stem
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*kʷarrā	*kʷarrai	*kʷarrās
vocative	*kʷarrā	*kʷarrai	*kʷarrās
accusative	*kʷarram	*kʷarrai	*kʷarrāms
genitive	*kʷarrās	*kʷarrous	*kʷarrom
dative	*kʷarrāi	*kʷarrābom	*kʷarrābos
locative	*kʷarrai	*?	*?
instrumental	*?	*kʷarrābim	*kʷarrābis

Reconstruction notes

• The geminate *rr reflected in Irish could come from an original -rs- or -rɸ- cluster.

Descendants

• Proto-Brythonic:
  • Middle Welsh: par
    • Welsh: pâr (“spear, staff”)
• Old Irish: carr (“spear”)
  • Middle Irish: carr (“spear, peg”)

Further reading

• Koch, John (2004) English–Proto-Celtic Word-list with attested comparanda‎^[1], University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies, page 330