𐌺𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌽𐍉

Gothic

Etymology

An n-stem derivation of 𐌺𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌽 (kaurn, “wheat, grain”). Compare Old High German cherno m (“kernel, grain”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkɔr.noː/

Noun

𐌺𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌽𐍉 • (kaurnō) n

2. kernel (single seed or grain, especially of corn or wheat)
   • 4th Century, Wulfila (tr.), Gothic Bible: Gospel of John (Codex Argenteus) 12.24:

     𐌰𐌼𐌴𐌽 𐌰𐌼𐌴𐌽 𐌵𐌹𐌸𐌰 𐌹𐌶𐍅𐌹𐍃: 𐌽𐌹𐌱𐌰𐌹 𐌺𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌽𐍉 𐍈𐌰𐌹𐍄𐌴𐌹𐍃 𐌲𐌰𐌳𐍂𐌹𐌿𐍃𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍉 𐌹𐌽 𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌸𐌰 𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌻𐍄𐌹𐌸, 𐍃𐌹𐌻𐌱𐍉 𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰𐍄𐌰 𐌰𐍆𐌻𐌹𐍆𐌽𐌹𐌸: 𐌹𐌸 𐌾𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌹 𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌻𐍄𐌹𐌸, 𐌼𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌲 𐌰𐌺𐍂𐌰𐌽 𐌱𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌹𐌸.

     amēn amēn qiþa izwis: nibai kaurnō ƕaiteis gadriusandō in airþa gaswiltiþ, silbō ainata aflifniþ: iþ jabai gaswiltiþ, manag akran bairiþ.

     Verily, verily, I say unto you, Except a corn of wheat fall into the ground and die, it abideth alone: but if it die, it bringeth forth much fruit. (KJV).

   • 4th Century, Wulfila (tr.), Gothic Bible: Gospel of Luke (Codex Argenteus) 17.6:

     𐌵𐌰𐌸 𐌸𐌰𐌽 𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌿𐌾𐌰: 𐌾𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌹 𐌷𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌸 𐌲𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌴𐌹𐌽 𐍃𐍅𐌴 𐌺𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌽𐍉 𐍃𐌹𐌽𐌰𐍀𐌹𐍃, 𐌰𐌹𐌸𐌸𐌰𐌿 𐌾𐌿𐍃 𐌵𐌹𐌸𐌴𐌹𐌸 𐌳𐌿 𐌱𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌲𐌼𐌰 𐌸𐌰𐌼𐌼𐌰: 𐌿𐍃𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍃𐌴𐌹 𐌸𐌿𐌺 𐌿𐍃 𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐍄𐌹𐌼 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌿𐍃𐍃𐌰𐍄𐌴𐌹 𐌸𐌿𐌺 𐌹𐌽 𐌼𐌰𐍂𐌴𐌹𐌽, 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌷𐌰𐌿𐍃𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌹 𐌸𐌰𐌿 𐌹𐌶𐍅𐌹𐍃.

     qaþ þan frauja: jabai habaidēdeiþ galaubein swē kaurnō sinapis, aiþþau jus qiþeiþ du bairabagma þamma: uslausei þuk us waurtim jah ussatei þuk in marein, jah andhausidēdi þau izwis.

     And the Lord said, If ye had faith as a grain of mustard seed, ye might say unto this sycamine tree, Be thou plucked up by the root, and be thou planted in the sea; and it should obey you. (KJV).

   • 4th Century, Wulfila (tr.), Gothic Bible: Gospel of Mark (Codex Argenteus) 4.31:

     𐍃𐍅𐌴 𐌺𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌽𐍉 𐍃𐌹𐌽𐌰𐍀𐌹𐍃, 𐌸𐌰𐍄𐌴𐌹 𐌸𐌰𐌽 𐍃𐌰𐌹𐌰𐌳𐌰 𐌰𐌽𐌰 𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌸𐌰, 𐌼𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌹𐍃𐍄 𐌰𐌻𐌻𐌰𐌹𐌶𐌴 𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌴 𐌹𐍃𐍄 𐌸𐌹𐌶𐌴 𐌰𐌽𐌰 𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌸𐌰𐌹;

     swē kaurnō sinapis, þatei þan saiada ana airþa, minnist allaizē fraiwē ist þizē ana airþai;

     It is like a grain of mustard seed, which, when it is sown in the earth, is less than all the seeds that be in the earth: (KJV).

Declension

Neuter an-stem
	Singular	Plural
Nominative	𐌺𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌽𐍉 kaurnō	𐌺𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌽𐍉𐌽𐌰 kaurnōna
Vocative	𐌺𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌽𐍉 kaurnō	𐌺𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌽𐍉𐌽𐌰 kaurnōna
Accusative	𐌺𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌽𐍉 kaurnō	𐌺𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌽𐍉𐌽𐌰 kaurnōna
Genitive	𐌺𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌽𐌹𐌽𐍃 kaurnins	𐌺𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌽𐌰𐌽𐌴 kaurnanē
Dative	𐌺𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌽𐌹𐌽 kaurnin	𐌺𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌽𐌰𐌼 kaurnam

Holonyms

• 𐍃𐌹𐌽𐌰𐍀𐌹𐍃 (sināpis, “mustard”)
• 𐍈𐌰𐌹𐍄𐌴𐌹𐍃 (ƕaiteis, “wheat”)

Related terms

• 𐌺𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌽 (kaurn, “corn”)

See also

• 𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌹𐍅 (fraiw, “seed”)

References

• Lehmann, Winfred P. (1986) “K15. kaurn”, in A Gothic Etymological Dictionary, based on the 3rd ed. of Feist’s dictionary, Leiden: E. J. Brill, pages 216–17

Further reading

• Streitberg, Wilhelm (1910). Die gotische Bibel. Zweiter Teil: Gotisch-griechisch-deutsches Wörterbuch. Heidelberg: Carl Winter’s Universitätsbuchhandlung, p. 74