近來

See also: 近来

Chinese

		near; close (to); approximately	to come
trad. (近來)		近	來
simp. (近来)		近	来

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): jìnlái

  (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄣˋ ㄌㄞˊ

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): gan⁶ loi⁴ / gan⁶ loi^4-2

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): gin⁵ loi^3*

• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): khiun-lòi

  (Hailu, HRS): kiun^˖ loi

• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): kūn-lâi / kǔn-lâi / kīn-lâi

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)
    • Hanyu Pinyin: jìnlái
    • Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄣˋ ㄌㄞˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jìnlái
    • Wade–Giles: chin⁴-lai²
    • Yale: jìn-lái
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jinnlai
    • Palladius: цзиньлай (czinʹlaj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕin⁵¹ laɪ̯³⁵/
    • Homophones:

      [Show/Hide]
      edit edit 近來 / 近来 進來 / 进来

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: gan⁶ loi⁴ / gan⁶ loi^4-2
    • Yale: gahn lòih / gahn lói
    • Cantonese Pinyin: gan⁶ loi⁴ / gan⁶ loi^4-2
    • Guangdong Romanization: gen⁶ loi⁴ / gen⁶ loi^4-2
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɐn²² lɔːi̯²¹/, /kɐn²² lɔːi̯²¹⁻³⁵/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: gin⁵ loi^3*
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kin³² lᵘɔi²²⁻²²⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khiun-lòi
    • Hakka Romanization System: kiun loi^ˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: kiun⁴ loi²
    • Sinological IPA: /kʰi̯un⁵⁵ loi̯¹¹/
  • (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
    • Hakka Romanization System: kiun^˖ loi
    • Sinological IPA: /kʰiun³³ loi⁵⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Taipei)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kūn-lâi
    • Tâi-lô: kūn-lâi
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kuxnlaai
    • IPA (Xiamen): /kun²²⁻²¹ lai²⁴/
    • IPA (Taipei): /kun³³⁻¹¹ lai²⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kǔn-lâi
    • Tâi-lô: kǔn-lâi
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kun²² lai²⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kīn-lâi
    • Tâi-lô: kīn-lâi
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kixnlaai
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /kin³³⁻²¹ lai²³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /kin²²⁻²¹ lai¹³/

Adverb

近來

1. recently; lately

   • 近來無奈牡丹何，數十千錢買一顆。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     近来无奈牡丹何，数十千钱买一颗。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: 8th century, 柳渾, 牡丹

     Jìnlái wúnài mǔdān hé, shù shíqiān qián mǎi yī kē. [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

   • 不瞞老爺說，近來咱們地方上響馬甚多，凡過往的客人，須要遲行早住。 [Written Vernacular Chinese, trad.]
     不瞒老爷说，近来咱们地方上响马甚多，凡过往的客人，须要迟行早住。 [Written Vernacular Chinese, simp.]

     From: Wu Jingzi, The Scholars, 1750 CE

     Bù mán lǎoyé shuō, jìnlái zánmen dìfāng shàng xiǎngmǎ shèn duō, fán guòwǎng de kèrén, xū yào chí xíng zǎo zhù. [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

   • 1902, James Dyer Ball, How to Speak Cantonese, second edition, Hongkong: Kelly & Walsh, pages 112–113:

     近來中國打發欽差過外國。 [Cantonese, trad.]
     近来中国打发钦差过外国。 [Cantonese, simp.]

     gan⁶ loi^4-2 zung¹ gwok³ daa² faat³ jam¹ caai¹ gwo³ ngoi⁶ gwok³. [Jyutping]

     The Chinese have also lately sent ambassadors to foreign countries.

Synonyms

edit

• 一向 (yīxiàng)
• 最近 (zuìjìn)
• 只兩幫 / 只两帮 (cī-lâng-bōng) (Eastern Min)
• 只幫 / 只帮 (cī-bōng) (Eastern Min)
• 呢排 (Cantonese)
• 新近 (xīnjìn)
• 日來 / 日来 (rìlái) (literary)
• 比來 / 比来 (bǐlái) (literary)
• 比年 (bǐnián) (literary)
• 比歲 / 比岁 (bǐsuì) (literary)
• 近排 (gan⁶ paai^4-2) (Cantonese)
• 這擺 / 这摆 (Hokkien)
• 這擺仔 / 这摆仔 (Zhangzhou Hokkien)
• 這斗 (Xiamen Hokkien, Zhangzhou Hokkien)
• 這番仔 / 这番仔 (Zhangzhou Hokkien)
• 這程 / 这程 (Zhangzhou Hokkien)
• 這站 / 这站 (Zhangzhou Hokkien)
• 這站仔 / 这站仔 (Zhangzhou Hokkien)
• 這過 / 这过 (Quanzhou Hokkien, Xiamen Hokkien, Zhangzhou Hokkien)
• 這過仔 / 这过仔 (Zhangzhou Hokkien)
• 這陣 / 这阵 (zhèzhèn) (colloquial)
• 邇來 / 迩来 (ěrlái) (literary)

 

References

• “Entry #11060”, in 臺灣客語辭典 [Dictionary of Taiwan Hakka] (overall work in Chinese and Hakka), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2022.