برنج
Arabic
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Persian برنگ (berang), from Sanskrit विडङ्ग (viḍaṅga), विडङ्गा (viḍaṅgā), also in Classical Syriac ܒܪܢܓ (brng), and more directly borrowed into Arabic as فِلَنْجَة (filanja).
Alternative forms
[edit]Noun
[edit]بِرَنْج or بَرِنْج or بَرَنْج • (biranj or barinj or baranj) m
- baobarang, false black pepper (Embelia ribes; also Embelia tsjeriam-cottam syn. Embelia robusta)
- a. 1165, ابن التلميذ [Ibn al-Tilmīḏ], edited by Oliver Kahl, The Dispensatory of Ibn At-Tilmīḏ الأقراباذين الكبير (Islamic Philosophy, Theology and Science. Texts and Studies; 70), Leiden: Brill, published 2007, →ISBN, page 69 Nr. 73:
- لحب القرع والديدان الكبير
سرخس وبرنج وقنبيل وتربذ وترمس ومر متساوية الشربة أربعة دراهم بماء حار- For (the treatment of ) flukes and large worms
Male fern, embelia, kamala, turpeth, lupine, and myrrh (in) equal (parts). A potion (may be made by using) four dirham (of it) with hot water.
- For (the treatment of ) flukes and large worms
- a. 1248, ابن البيطار [Ibn al-Bayṭār], الجامع لمفردات الأدوية والأغذية [De simplicibus medicinis opus magnum]:
- برنج: وبرنق وبرنك وأبرنج أيضاً. إسحاق بن عمران: هو بالفارسية حب صغير منقط بسواد وبياض مدور أملس في قدر حب الماش لا رائحة له وفي طعمه شيء من المرارة يؤتى به من الصين وهو المستعمل في ذاته. الشيخ الرئيس: حب هندي أو سندي وهو نوعان صغار عير مرقشة وكبار مرقشة وأفضلها الصغار. مسيح: وقوته من الحرارة واليبوسة في الدرجة الثالثة. حبيش: هو أقوى الأدوية كلها في إخراج حب القرع وأسرعها نفعاً حتى أنه يلقى غشاء كاملاً، ثم لا يعود ويبول شاربه مثل لون البقم والشربة منه وزن عشرة دراهم مدقوقاً منخولاً مدوفاً باللبن الحليب قال: ولذلك يخلط بالأدوية الكبار وله خاصية في تنشيف الرطوبات وقلع البلغم من المفاصل. ابن ماسويه: يخرج حب القرع والديدان والحيات المتولدة في البطن. ماسرحويه: ينقص فضول البلغم من الإمعاء وقال بعض الأطباء: إن بدله وزنه ترمس ووزنه قنبيل أيضاً.
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
Declension
[edit]Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | بِرَنْج; بَرِنْج; بَرَنْج biranj; barinj; baranj |
الْبِرَنْج; الْبَرِنْج; الْبَرَنْج al-biranj; al-barinj; al-baranj |
بِرَنْج; بَرِنْج; بَرَنْج biranj; barinj; baranj |
Nominative | بِرَنْجٌ; بَرِنْجٌ; بَرَنْجٌ biranjun; barinjun; baranjun |
الْبِرَنْجُ; الْبَرِنْجُ; الْبَرَنْجُ al-biranju; al-barinju; al-baranju |
بِرَنْجُ; بَرِنْجُ; بَرَنْجُ biranju; barinju; baranju |
Accusative | بِرَنْجًا; بَرِنْجًا; بَرَنْجًا biranjan; barinjan; baranjan |
الْبِرَنْجَ; الْبَرِنْجَ; الْبَرَنْجَ al-biranja; al-barinja; al-baranja |
بِرَنْجَ; بَرِنْجَ; بَرَنْجَ biranja; barinja; baranja |
Genitive | بِرَنْجٍ; بَرِنْجٍ; بَرَنْجٍ biranjin; barinjin; baranjin |
الْبِرَنْجِ; الْبَرِنْجِ; الْبَرَنْجِ al-biranji; al-barinji; al-baranji |
بِرَنْجِ; بَرِنْجِ; بَرَنْجِ biranji; barinji; baranji |
Etymology 2
[edit]From Classical Persian برنج (birinj, “rice”).
Noun
[edit]بِرِنْج • (birinj) m
- (obsolete) rice
- a. 870, علي بن سهل ربّن الطبري [ʿalī ibn Sahl Rabbān aṭ-Ṭabarīy], فردوس الحكمة في الطب [firdaws al-ḥikma fī aṭ-ṭibb, Ali ibn Sahl Rabban al-Tabari][1], Bayrūt: دار الكتب العلمية, published 2002, →ISBN, page 326 last line:
- […] اسفيدباجه ثم يأخذ سبعة مثاقيل برنج ومثله حمص
- […] its blancmange. Then one takes seven weights of rice and so much of chickpeas.
Declension
[edit]Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | بِرِنْج birinj |
الْبِرِنْج al-birinj |
بِرِنْج birinj |
Nominative | بِرِنْجٌ birinjun |
الْبِرِنْجُ al-birinju |
بِرِنْجُ birinju |
Accusative | بِرِنْجًا birinjan |
الْبِرِنْجَ al-birinja |
بِرِنْجَ birinja |
Genitive | بِرِنْجٍ birinjin |
الْبِرِنْجِ al-birinji |
بِرِنْجِ birinji |
Etymology 3
[edit]
Noun
[edit]بَرْنِجّ • (barnijj) m
Declension
[edit]Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | بَرْنِجّ barnijj |
الْبَرْنِجّ al-barnijj |
بَرْنِجّ barnijj |
Nominative | بَرْنِجٌّ barnijjun |
الْبَرْنِجُّ al-barnijju |
بَرْنِجُّ barnijju |
Accusative | بَرْنِجًّا barnijjan |
الْبَرْنِجَّ al-barnijja |
بَرْنِجَّ barnijja |
Genitive | بَرْنِجٍّ barnijjin |
الْبَرْنِجِّ al-barnijji |
بَرْنِجِّ barnijji |
Bakhtiari
[edit]Noun
[edit]برنج (berenj)
Central Kurdish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from Classical Persian برنج (birinj).
Noun
[edit]برنج (birinc)
Ottoman Turkish
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]- پرنج (pirinç)
Etymology
[edit]From Classical Persian برنج (birinj).
Noun
[edit]برنج • (birinç)
Descendants
[edit]- Turkish: pirinç
- → Adyghe: пындж (pəndž), (Shapsug) пыдж (pədž)
- → Avar: пиринчӏ (pirinčʼ)
- → Kabardian: прунж (prunž), прундж (prundž)
- → Abaza: прунджь (prundź)
- → Ossetian: пырындз (pyrynʒ)
- → Serbo-Croatian: pirinač
- → Ubykh: p̒irinǰ
Persian
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Middle Persian blnc (/brinǰ/).
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): [bi.ˈɾind͡ʒ]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [be.ɹénd͡ʒ̥]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [bi.ɾínd͡ʒ]
Readings | |
---|---|
Classical reading? | birinj |
Dari reading? | birinj |
Iranian reading? | berenj |
Tajik reading? | birinj |
Noun
[edit]Dari | برنج |
---|---|
Iranian Persian | |
Tajik | биринҷ |
برنج • (berenj or birinj)
Etymology 2
[edit]From Middle Persian [script needed] (blnc /brinǰ/), 𐫁𐫡𐫏𐫗𐫗𐫃 (brynng /bring/, “bronze, brass”). Cognate with Parthian 𐫛𐫓𐫏𐫗𐫝 (plync /plinǰ/). Compare Old Armenian պղինձ (płinj), Old Georgian პილენძი (ṗilenʒi, “copper”), Aghwan 𐕗𐔼𐔾𐔼𐕎𐕕 (ṗilinʒ, “bronze”), Udi пӏилиндж (ṗilinǯ, “copper”), Classical Syriac ܦܠܙܐ (plezzā), Middle Iranian borrowings.
Noun
[edit]برنج • (berenj or birinj)
Derived terms
[edit]- برنجی (berenji)
References
[edit]- Blažek, Václav, Schwarz, Michal (1999) The early Indo-Europeans in Central Asia and China: Cultural relations as reflected in language (Innsbrucker Beiträge zur Kulturwissenschaft; 13)[2], Innsbruck: Institut für Sprachwissenschaft der Universität Innsbruck, page 107
- Ciancaglini, Claudia A. (2008) Iranian loanwords in Syriac (Beiträge zur Iranistik; 28)[3], Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, page 233
- Steingass, Francis Joseph (1892) “پرنگ”, in A Comprehensive Persian–English dictionary, London: Routledge & K. Paul
- Vullers, Johann August (1855) “برنج”, in Lexicon Persico-Latinum etymologicum cum linguis maxime cognatis Sanscrita et Zendica et Pehlevica comparatum, e lexicis persice scriptis Borhâni Qâtiu, Haft Qulzum et Bahâri agam et persico-turcico Farhangi-Shuûrî confectum, adhibitis etiam Castelli, Meninski, Richardson et aliorum operibus et auctoritate scriptorum Persicorum adauctum[4] (in Latin), volume I, Gießen: J. Ricker, page 227b
- Arabic terms borrowed from Persian
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