кошка

Belarusian

Alternative forms

• koszka, koška — Łacinka (Belarusian Latin alphabet)

Etymology

Inherited from Old Ruthenian ко́шка (kóška), from Old East Slavic ко́шька (kóšĭka), from unattested *ко́чька (*kóčĭka), from Proto-Slavic *kòťьka, from *kòťь, from *kòtъ. Cognate with Russian ко́шка (kóška) and Ukrainian кі́шка (kíška).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈkoʂka]
• Rhymes: -oʂka

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

ко́шка • (kóška) f animal (genitive ко́шкі, nominative plural ко́шкі, genitive plural ко́шак)

1. female cat (domesticated species)

   Synonym: ко́тка (kótka)

2. cat (member of the cat family Felidae)

Declension

Declension of ко́шка (anml velar fem-form accent-a reduc)

	singular	plural
nominative	ко́шка kóška	ко́шкі kóški
genitive	ко́шкі kóški	ко́шак kóšak
dative	ко́шцы kóšcy	ко́шкам kóškam
accusative	ко́шку kóšku	ко́шак kóšak
instrumental	ко́шкай, ко́шкаю kóškaj, kóškaju	ко́шкамі kóškami
locative	ко́шцы kóšcy	ко́шках kóškax
count form	—	ко́шкі1 kóški1

¹Used with the numbers 2, 3, 4 and higher numbers after 20 ending in 2, 3, and 4.

See also

• кот (kot)

References

• “кошка” in Belarusian–Russian dictionaries and Belarusian dictionaries at slounik.org
• “кошка”, in Skarnik's Belarusian dictionary (in Belarusian), based on Kandrat Krapiva's Explanatory Dictionary of the Belarusian Language (1977-1984)

Macedonian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈkɔʃka]

Verb

кошка • (koška) third-singular present, impf

1. (transitive) to kick
2. (transitive, figurative) to belittle, disparage

Conjugation

Conjugation of кошка (imperfective, present in -а)

l-participles	imperfect	aorist	non-finite forms
masculine	кошкал	—	adjectival participle	кошкан
feminine	кошкала	—	adverbial participle	кошкајќи
neuter	кошкало	—	verbal noun	кошкање
plural	кошкале	—	perfect participle	кошкано
	present	imperfect	aorist	imperative
1st singular	кошкам	кошкав	—	—
2nd singular	кошкаш	кошкаше	—	кошкај
3rd singular	кошка	кошкаше	—	—
1st plural	кошкаме	кошкавме	—	—
2nd plural	кошкате	кошкавте	—	кошкајте
3rd plural	кошкаат	кошкаа	—	—
Compound tenses
perfect	сум кошкал		present of сум (except in the 3rd person) + imperfect l-participle
има-perfect	имам кошкано		present of има + perfect participle
pluperfect	бев кошкал		imperfect of сум + imperfect l-participle
има-pluperfect	имав кошкано		imperfect of има + perfect participle
има-perfect reported	сум имал кошкано		perfect of има + perfect participle
future	ќе кошкам		ќе + present
има-future	ќе имам кошкано		future of има + perfect participle
future in the past	ќе кошкав		ќе + imperfect
има-future in the past	ќе имав кошкано		future in the past of има + perfect participle
future reported	ќе сум кошкал		ќе + imperfect l-participle
има-future reported	ќе сум имал кошкано		future reported of има + perfect participle
conditional	би кошкал		би + imperfect l-participle
има-conditional	би имал кошкано		conditional of има + perfect participle

Old Ruthenian

ко́шка

Alternative forms

• ко́шъка (kóška), kószka — alternative spelling

Etymology

Inherited from Old East Slavic ко́шька (kóšĭka), from unattested *ко́чька (*kóčĭka), from Proto-Slavic *kòťьka, from *kòťь, from *kòtъ. Cognate with Russian ко́шка (kóška).

Noun

кошка • (koška) f animal (masculine котъ)

1. female cat (domestic species)

   Synonym: ко́тка (kótka)

   слꙋжили емꙋ пси, кошки, птахи ― služili emu psi, koški, ptaxi ― (please add an English translation of this usage example)

Descendants

• Belarusian: ко́шка (kóška)
• Ukrainian: кі́шка (kíška)

Further reading

• Bulyka, A. M., editor (1997), “кошка”, in Гістарычны слоўнік беларускай мовы [Historical Dictionary of the Belarusian Language] (in Belarusian), numbers 16 (коржъ – лесничанка), Minsk: Belaruskaia navuka, →ISBN, page 71
• Chikalo, M. I., editor (2010), “кошка, кошъка”, in Словник української мови XVI – I пол. XVII ст. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: 16ᵗʰ – 1ˢᵗ half of 17ᵗʰ c.] (in Ukrainian), numbers 15 (конь – легковѣрны), Lviv: KIUS, →ISBN, page 61

Russian

Etymology

Inherited from Middle Russian ко́шка (kóška), from Old East Slavic ко́шька (kóšĭka), from unattested *ко́чька (*kóčĭka), from Proto-Slavic *kòťьka, from *kòťь, from *kòtъ. Cognate with Old Ruthenian ко́шка (kóška), Ukrainian кі́шка (kíška).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈkoʂkə]

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

ко́шка • (kóška) f anim or f inan (genitive ко́шки, nominative plural ко́шки, genitive plural ко́шек, relational adjective коша́чий, diminutive ко́шечка)

1. cat

   жить как ко́шка с соба́кой ― žitʹ kak kóška s sobákoj ― to lead a cat-and-dog life

   игра́ть в ко́шки-мышки ― igrátʹ v kóški-myški ― play cat-and-mouse

   но́чью все ко́шки се́ры ― nóčʹju vse kóški séry ― at night all cats are gray

   у него́ ко́шки скребу́т на се́рдце ― u nevó kóški skrebút na sérdce ― he is sick at heart (very upset)

2. (inanimate) cat-o'-nine-tails
3. (technical, inanimate) grapnel, drag
4. (technical, inanimate) grapple fork
5. (cranes, inanimate) car, trolley, carriage
6. (geology, inanimate) spit, bar
7. (climbing, in the plural, inanimate) crampons, climbing irons, climbing grapplers

Declension

Declension of ко́шка (bian fem-form velar-stem accent-a reduc) 

	singular	plural
nominative	ко́шка kóška	ко́шки kóški
genitive	ко́шки kóški	ко́шек kóšek
dative	ко́шке kóške	ко́шкам kóškam
accusative animate inanimate	ко́шку kóšku	ко́шек kóšek
		ко́шки kóški
instrumental	ко́шкой, ко́шкою kóškoj, kóškoju	ко́шками kóškami
prepositional	ко́шке kóške	ко́шках kóškax

Pre-reform declension of ко́шка (bian fem-form velar-stem accent-a reduc) 

	singular	plural
nominative	ко́шка kóška	ко́шки kóški
genitive	ко́шки kóški	ко́шекъ kóšek
dative	ко́шкѣ kóškě	ко́шкамъ kóškam
accusative animate inanimate	ко́шку kóšku	ко́шекъ kóšek
		ко́шки kóški
instrumental	ко́шкой, ко́шкою kóškoj, kóškoju	ко́шками kóškami
prepositional	ко́шкѣ kóškě	ко́шкахъ kóškax

Descendants

• → Buryat: хөөшхэ (xööšxe)
• → Ket: коска
• → Khamnigan Mongol: киискэ (kiiske)
• → Kildin Sami: куэшшьк (kuešš’k) (Ārʹsjogk)
• → Ter Sami: кыэшшькэ (kïeššʼke)
• → Yakut: куоска (kuoska)

See also

• кот (kot)
• пу́ська (púsʹka)
• кису́ня (kisúnja)