User:SuperWIKI/sandbox/State deans (8)

For senators and representatives who represented defunct parties or switched parties intra-term, only their latest party while in office is reflected. Most states, due to not having long-running deans until the 1900s, have tables only starting from that decade.

Guidelines

Checklist

Check all dates (Congress sessions, individual terms, deanships, ayds)
Check seniority (shared seniority, alphabetical precedence, combined House and Senate tenures, causes of departure)
Check numbered seniority (if death caused seniority to go up independent of list number)

Seniority criteria

Number of consecutive terms (for speed, use seniority date)
Number of past, non-consecutive terms
Alphabetical order of surname (if more than two people fulfill same seniority after above criteria, use individual with earliest surname in alphabet)
For Representatives elected to fill vacancy, seniority is calculated from date of special election. Column-wise (Congress), at-large representatives use the date they were sworn in.

BLANK

Senior members of -- congressional delegation
Congress	Dates	Senior senator (Seniority and tenure) (Cause of departure)	Delegation dean (Combined seniority and tenure)	House dean (Seniority and tenure) (Cause of departure)
1st	March 4, 1789 – March 4, 1791
2nd	March 4, 1791 – March 4, 1793
3rd	March 4, 1793 – March 4, 1795
4th	March 4, 1795 – March 4, 1797
5th	March 4, 1797 – March 4, 1799
6th	March 4, 1799 – March 4, 1801
7th	March 4, 1801 – March 4, 1803
8th	March 4, 1803 – March 4, 1805
9th	March 4, 1805 – March 4, 1807
10th	March 4, 1807 – March 4, 1809
11th	March 4, 1809 – March 4, 1811
12th	March 4, 1811 – March 4, 1813
13th	March 4, 1813 – March 4, 1815
14th	March 4, 1815 – March 4, 1817
15th	March 4, 1817 – March 4, 1819
16th	March 4, 1819 – March 4, 1821
17th	March 4, 1821 – March 4, 1823
18th	March 4, 1823 – March 4, 1825
19th	March 4, 1825 – March 4, 1827
20th	March 4, 1827 – March 4, 1829
21st	March 4, 1829 – March 4, 1831
22nd	March 4, 1831 – March 4, 1833
23rd	March 4, 1833 – March 4, 1835
24th	March 4, 1835 – March 4, 1837
25th	March 4, 1837 – March 4, 1839
26th	March 4, 1839 – March 4, 1841
27th	March 4, 1841 – March 4, 1843
28th	March 4, 1843 – March 4, 1845
29th	March 4, 1845 – March 4, 1847
30th	March 4, 1847 – March 4, 1849
31st	March 4, 1849 – March 4, 1851
32nd	March 4, 1851 – March 4, 1853
33rd	March 4, 1853 – March 4, 1855
34th	March 4, 1855 – March 4, 1857
35th	March 4, 1857 – March 4, 1859
36th	March 4, 1859 – March 4, 1861
37th	March 4, 1861 – March 4, 1863
38th	March 4, 1863 – March 4, 1865
39th	March 4, 1865 – March 4, 1867
40th	March 4, 1867 – March 4, 1869
41st	March 4, 1869 – March 4, 1871
42nd	March 4, 1871 – March 4, 1873
43rd	March 4, 1873 – March 4, 1875
44th	March 4, 1875 – March 4, 1877
45th	March 4, 1877 – March 4, 1879
46th	March 4, 1879 – March 4, 1881
47th	March 4, 1881 – March 4, 1883
48th	March 4, 1883 – March 4, 1885
49th	March 4, 1885 – March 4, 1887
50th	March 4, 1887 – March 4, 1889
51st	March 4, 1889 – March 4, 1891
52nd	March 4, 1891 – March 4, 1893
53rd	March 4, 1893 – March 4, 1895
54th	March 4, 1895 – March 4, 1897
55th	March 4, 1897 – March 4, 1899
56th	March 4, 1899 – March 4, 1901
57th	March 4, 1901 – March 4, 1903
58th	March 4, 1903 – March 4, 1905
59th	March 4, 1905 – March 4, 1907
60th	March 4, 1907 – March 4, 1909
61st	March 4, 1909 – March 4, 1911
62nd	March 4, 1911 – March 4, 1913
63rd	March 4, 1913 – March 4, 1915
64th	March 4, 1915 – March 4, 1917
65th	March 4, 1917 – March 4, 1919
66th	March 4, 1919 – March 4, 1921
67th	March 4, 1921 – March 4, 1923
68th	March 4, 1923 – March 4, 1925
69th	March 4, 1925 – March 4, 1927
70th	March 4, 1927 – March 4, 1929
71st	March 4, 1929 – March 4, 1931
72nd	March 4, 1931 – March 4, 1933
73rd	March 4, 1933 – January 3, 1935
74th	January 3, 1935 – January 3, 1937
75th	January 3, 1937 – January 3, 1939
76th	January 3, 1939 – January 3, 1941
77th	January 3, 1941 – January 3, 1943
78th	January 3, 1943 – January 3, 1945
79th	January 3, 1945 – January 3, 1947
80th	January 3, 1947 – January 3, 1949
81st	January 3, 1949 – January 3, 1951
82nd	January 3, 1951 – January 3, 1953
83rd	January 3, 1953 – January 3, 1955
84th	January 3, 1955 – January 3, 1957
85th	January 3, 1957 – January 3, 1959
86th	January 3, 1959 – January 3, 1961
87th	January 3, 1961 – January 3, 1963
88th	January 3, 1963 – January 3, 1965
89th	January 3, 1965 – January 3, 1967
90th	January 3, 1967 – January 3, 1969
91st	January 3, 1969 – January 3, 1971
92nd	January 3, 1971 – January 3, 1973
93rd	January 3, 1973 – January 3, 1975
94th	January 3, 1975 – January 3, 1977
95th	January 3, 1977 – January 3, 1979
96th	January 3, 1979 – January 3, 1981
97th	January 3, 1981 – January 3, 1983
98th	January 3, 1983 – January 3, 1985
99th	January 3, 1985 – January 3, 1987
100th	January 3, 1987 – January 3, 1989
101st	January 3, 1989 – January 3, 1991
102nd	January 3, 1991 – January 3, 1993
103rd	January 3, 1993 – January 3, 1995
104th	January 3, 1995 – January 3, 1997
105th	January 3, 1997 – January 3, 1999
106th	January 3, 1999 – January 3, 2001
107th	January 3, 2001 – January 3, 2003
108th	January 3, 2003 – January 3, 2005
109th	January 3, 2005 – January 3, 2007
110th	January 3, 2007 – January 3, 2009
111th	January 3, 2009 – January 3, 2011
112th	January 3, 2011 – January 3, 2013
113th	January 3, 2013 – January 3, 2015
114th	January 3, 2015 – January 3, 2017
115th	January 3, 2017 – January 3, 2019
116th	January 3, 2019 – January 3, 2021
117th	January 3, 2021 – January 3, 2023
118th	January 3, 2023 – present
Congress	Dates	Senior senator (Seniority and tenure) (Cause of departure)	Delegation dean (Combined seniority and tenure)	House dean (Seniority and tenure) (Cause of departure)

Oklahoma

Senior members of Oklahoma's congressional delegation
Congress	Dates	Senior senator (Seniority and tenure) (Cause of departure)	Delegation dean (Combined seniority and tenure)	House dean (Seniority and tenure) (Cause of departure)
60th	November 16, 1907 – December 11, 1907	Vacant (not yet elected)	McGuire (House) Seniority from November 16, 1907^[a] (7 years, 107 days)	Bird S. McGuire^[A] Seniority from November 16, 1907^[a] (7 years, 107 days) (retired)
60th	December 11, 1907 – March 4, 1909	Thomas Gore Seniority from December 11, 1907^[b] (13 years, 82 days) (lost renomination)
61st	March 4, 1909 – March 4, 1911
62nd	March 4, 1911 – March 4, 1913
63rd	March 4, 1913 – March 4, 1915
64th	March 4, 1915 – March 4, 1917		Carter (House) Seniority from November 16, 1907 (19 years, 107 days)	Charles D. Carter Seniority from November 16, 1907 (19 years, 107 days) (lost renomination)^[1]
65th	March 4, 1917 – March 4, 1919
66th	March 4, 1919 – March 4, 1921
67th	March 4, 1921 – March 4, 1923	Robert L. Owen Seniority from December 11, 1907 (17 years, 82 days) (retired)
68th	March 4, 1923 – March 4, 1925
69th	March 4, 1925 – March 4, 1927	John W. Harreld^[B] Seniority from March 4, 1921 (5 years, 364 days) (lost re-election)
70th	March 4, 1927 – March 4, 1929	William B. Pine Seniority from March 4, 1925 (5 years, 364 days) (lost re-election)	McClintic (House) Seniority from March 4, 1915 (19 years, 305 days)	James V. McClintic Seniority from March 4, 1915 (19 years, 305 days) (lost renomination)^[2]
71st	March 4, 1929 – March 4, 1931
72nd	March 4, 1931 – March 4, 1933	Elmer Thomas^[B] Seniority from March 4, 1927 (23 years, 305 days) (lost renomination)
73rd	March 4, 1933 – January 3, 1935
74th	January 3, 1935 – January 3, 1937		Thomas (House and Senate) Seniority from March 4, 1923 (27 years, 305 days)	Co-deans: Wilburn Cartwright, Jed Johnson Seniority from March 4, 1927 (15 years, 305 days) (Cartwright lost renomination)^[3]
75th	January 3, 1937 – January 3, 1939
76th	January 3, 1939 – January 3, 1941
77th	January 3, 1941 – January 3, 1943
78th	January 3, 1943 – January 3, 1945			Jed Johnson Seniority from March 4, 1927 (19 years, 305 days) (lost renomination)^[4]
79th	January 3, 1945 – January 3, 1947
80th	January 3, 1947 – January 3, 1949			Mike Monroney Seniority from January 3, 1939 (12 years, 0 days) (elected to Senate)
81st	January 3, 1949 – January 3, 1951
82nd	January 3, 1951 – August 21, 1952	Robert S. Kerr Seniority from January 3, 1949 (13 years, 363 days) (died)	Monroney (House and Senate) Seniority from January 3, 1939 (30 years, 0 days)	William G. Stigler Seniority from March 28, 1944^[c] (8 years, 146 days) (died)
82nd	August 21, 1952 – January 3, 1953			Co-deans: Carl Albert, Toby Morris Seniority from January 3, 1947 (5 years, 364 days) (Morris lost renomination)^[6]
83rd	January 3, 1953 – January 3, 1955			Carl Albert^[C] Seniority from January 3, 1947 (30 years, 0 days) (retired)
84th	January 3, 1955 – January 3, 1957
85th	January 3, 1957 – January 3, 1959
86th	January 3, 1959 – January 3, 1961
87th	January 3, 1961 – January 1, 1963
87th	January 1, 1963 – January 3, 1963	Mike Monroney^[B] Seniority from January 3, 1951 (18 years, 0 days) (lost re-election)
88th	January 3, 1963 – January 3, 1965
89th	January 3, 1965 – January 3, 1967
90th	January 3, 1967 – January 3, 1969
91st	January 3, 1969 – January 3, 1971	Fred R. Harris Seniority from November 4, 1964^[d] (8 years, 60 days) (ran for President)^[7]	Albert (House) Seniority from January 3, 1947 (30 years, 0 days)
92nd	January 3, 1971 – January 3, 1973
93rd	January 3, 1973 – January 3, 1975	Henry Bellmon Seniority from January 3, 1969 (12 years, 0 days) (retired)
94th	January 3, 1975 – January 3, 1977
95th	January 3, 1977 – January 3, 1979		Steed (House) Seniority from January 3, 1949 (32 years, 0 days)	Tom Steed Seniority from January 3, 1949 (32 years, 0 days) (retired)
96th	January 3, 1979 – January 3, 1981
97th	January 3, 1981 – January 3, 1983	David Boren Seniority from January 3, 1979 (15 years, 316 days) (became University of Oklahoma president)	Jones (House) Seniority from January 3, 1973 (14 years, 0 days)	James R. Jones Seniority from January 3, 1973 (14 years, 0 days) (ran for Senate)
98th	January 3, 1983 – January 3, 1985
99th	January 3, 1985 – January 3, 1987
100th	January 3, 1987 – January 3, 1989		English (House) Seniority from January 3, 1975 (19 years, 4 days)	Glenn English Seniority from January 3, 1975 (19 years, 4 days) (resigned)
101st	January 3, 1989 – January 3, 1991
102nd	January 3, 1991 – January 3, 1993
103rd	January 3, 1993 – January 7, 1994
	January 7, 1994 – November 15, 1994		Co-deans: Boren (Senate) Synar (House) Seniority from January 3, 1979 (15 years, 316 days)	Mike Synar Seniority from January 3, 1979 (16 years, 0 days) (retired)
	November 15, 1994 – January 3, 1995	Don Nickles Seniority from January 3, 1981 (24 years, 0 days) (retired)	Synar (House) Seniority from January 3, 1979 (16 years, 0 days)
104th	January 3, 1995 – January 3, 1997		Nickles (Senate) Seniority from January 3, 1981 (24 years, 0 days)	Bill Brewster Seniority from January 3, 1991 (6 years, 0 days) (retired)
105th	January 3, 1997 – January 3, 1999			Ernest Istook Seniority from January 3, 1993 (14 years, 0 days) (ran for Oklahoma governor)
106th	January 3, 1999 – January 3, 2001
107th	January 3, 2001 – January 3, 2003
108th	January 3, 2003 – January 3, 2005
109th	January 3, 2005 – January 3, 2007	Jim Inhofe^[B] Seniority from November 16, 1994^[d]^[8] (28 years, 48 days) (resigned)	Inhofe (House and Senate) Seniority from January 3, 1987 (36 years, 0 days)
110th	January 3, 2007 – January 3, 2009			Frank Lucas Seniority from May 10, 1994^[c] (30 years, 173 days) (Incumbent)
111th	January 3, 2009 – January 3, 2011
112th	January 3, 2011 – January 3, 2013
113th	January 3, 2013 – January 3, 2015
114th	January 3, 2015 – January 3, 2017
115th	January 3, 2017 – January 3, 2019
116th	January 3, 2019 – January 3, 2021
117th	January 3, 2021 – January 3, 2023
118th	January 3, 2023 – present	James Lankford^[B] Seniority from January 3, 2015 (9 years, 301 days) (Incumbent)	Lucas (House) Seniority from May 10, 1994 (30 years, 173 days)
Congress	Dates	Senior senator (Seniority and tenure) (Cause of departure)	Delegation dean (Combined seniority and tenure)	House dean (Seniority and tenure) (Cause of departure)

Oregon

Senior members of Oregon's congressional delegation (1903–present)
Congress	Dates	Senior senator (Seniority and tenure) (Cause of departure)	Delegation dean (Combined seniority and tenure)	House dean (Seniority and tenure) (Cause of departure)
58th	March 4, 1903 – March 4, 1905
59th	March 4, 1905 – March 4, 1907
60th	March 4, 1907 – March 4, 1909
61st	March 4, 1909 – March 4, 1911
62nd	March 4, 1911 – March 4, 1913
63rd	March 4, 1913 – March 4, 1915
64th	March 4, 1915 – March 4, 1917
65th	March 4, 1917 – March 4, 1919
66th	March 4, 1919 – March 4, 1921
67th	March 4, 1921 – March 4, 1923
68th	March 4, 1923 – March 4, 1925
69th	March 4, 1925 – March 4, 1927
70th	March 4, 1927 – March 4, 1929
71st	March 4, 1929 – March 4, 1931
72nd	March 4, 1931 – March 4, 1933
73rd	March 4, 1933 – January 3, 1935
74th	January 3, 1935 – January 3, 1937
75th	January 3, 1937 – January 3, 1939
76th	January 3, 1939 – January 3, 1941
77th	January 3, 1941 – January 3, 1943
78th	January 3, 1943 – January 3, 1945
79th	January 3, 1945 – January 3, 1947
80th	January 3, 1947 – January 3, 1949
81st	January 3, 1949 – January 3, 1951
82nd	January 3, 1951 – January 3, 1953
83rd	January 3, 1953 – January 3, 1955
84th	January 3, 1955 – January 3, 1957
85th	January 3, 1957 – January 3, 1959
86th	January 3, 1959 – January 3, 1961
87th	January 3, 1961 – January 3, 1963
88th	January 3, 1963 – January 3, 1965
89th	January 3, 1965 – January 3, 1967
90th	January 3, 1967 – January 3, 1969
91st	January 3, 1969 – January 3, 1971	Mark Hatfield Seniority from January 3, 1967 (30 years, 0 days) (retired)
92nd	January 3, 1971 – January 3, 1973
93rd	January 3, 1973 – January 3, 1975
94th	January 3, 1975 – January 3, 1977
95th	January 3, 1977 – January 3, 1979
96th	January 3, 1979 – January 3, 1981
97th	January 3, 1981 – January 3, 1983
98th	January 3, 1983 – January 3, 1985
99th	January 3, 1985 – January 3, 1987
100th	January 3, 1987 – January 3, 1989
101st	January 3, 1989 – January 3, 1991
102nd	January 3, 1991 – January 3, 1993
103rd	January 3, 1993 – January 3, 1995
104th	January 3, 1995 – January 3, 1997
105th	January 3, 1997 – January 3, 1999
106th	January 3, 1999 – January 3, 2001
107th	January 3, 2001 – January 3, 2003
108th	January 3, 2003 – January 3, 2005
109th	January 3, 2005 – January 3, 2007
110th	January 3, 2007 – January 3, 2009
111th	January 3, 2009 – January 3, 2011
112th	January 3, 2011 – January 3, 2013
113th	January 3, 2013 – January 3, 2015
114th	January 3, 2015 – January 3, 2017
115th	January 3, 2017 – January 3, 2019
116th	January 3, 2019 – January 3, 2021
117th	January 3, 2021 – January 3, 2023
118th	January 3, 2023 – present
Congress	Dates	Senior senator (Seniority and tenure) (Cause of departure)	Delegation dean (Combined seniority and tenure)	House dean (Seniority and tenure) (Cause of departure)

Pennsylvania

Senior members of Pennsylvania's congressional delegation (1855–present)
Congress	Dates	Senior senator (Seniority and tenure) (Cause of departure)	Delegation dean (Combined seniority and tenure)	House dean (Seniority and tenure) (Cause of departure)
34th	March 4, 1855 – March 4, 1857	Richard Brodhead^[B] Seniority from March 4, 1851 (5 years, 364 days) (retired)	Brodhead (Senate) Seniority from March 4, 1851^[e] (5 years, 364 days)	Co-deans: Thomas B. Florence (D), Galusha A. Grow (R)^[D] Seniority from March 4, 1851 (9 years, 364 days) (Florence retired)^[9]
35th	March 4, 1857 – March 4, 1859	William Bigler Seniority from January 14, 1856^[f] (5 years, 48 days) (lost re-election)^[10]	Co-deans: Florence, Grow (House) Seniority from March 4, 1851 (9 years, 364 days)
36th	March 4, 1859 – March 4, 1861
37th	March 4, 1861 – March 4, 1863	Edgar Cowan Seniority from March 4, 1861^[g] (5 years, 364 days) (lost re-election)	Grow (House) Seniority from March 4, 1851 (11 years, 364 days)	Galusha A. Grow^[E] Seniority from March 4, 1851 (11 years, 364 days) (lost re-election)
38th	March 4, 1863 – March 4, 1865		Stevens (House) Seniority from March 4, 1859^[e] (9 years, 160 days)	Thaddeus Stevens^[F] Seniority from March 4, 1859^[e] (9 years, 160 days) (died)
39th	March 4, 1865 – March 4, 1867
40th	March 4, 1867 – August 11, 1868	Charles R. Buckalew Seniority from March 4, 1863 (5 years, 364 days) (retired)
40th	August 11, 1868 – March 4, 1869		J. Moorhead (House) Seniority from March 4, 1859 (9 years, 364 days)	James K. Moorhead Seniority from March 4, 1859 (9 years, 364 days) (retired)
41st	March 4, 1869 – March 4, 1871	Simon Cameron^[G] Seniority from March 4, 1867 (10 years, 8 days) (resigned)	Kelley (House) Seniority from March 4, 1861 (28 years, 311 days)	William D. Kelley^[H] Seniority from March 4, 1861 (28 years, 311 days) (died)
42nd	March 4, 1871 – March 4, 1873
43rd	March 4, 1873 – March 4, 1875
44th	March 4, 1875 – March 4, 1877
45th	March 4, 1877 – March 12, 1877
45th	March 12, 1877 – March 4, 1879	William A. Wallace^[I] Seniority from March 4, 1875 (5 years, 364 days) (lost re-election)
46th	March 4, 1879 – March 4, 1881
47th	March 4, 1881 – March 4, 1883	J. Donald Cameron Seniority from March 20, 1877^[h] (19 years, 348 days) (retired)
48th	March 4, 1883 – March 4, 1885
49th	March 4, 1885 – March 4, 1887
50th	March 4, 1887 – March 4, 1889
51st	March 4, 1889 – January 9, 1890
	January 9, 1890 – April 13, 1890		Randall (House) Seniority from March 4, 1863 (27 years, 40 days)	Samuel J. Randall^[J] Seniority from March 4, 1863 (27 years, 40 days) (died)
	April 13, 1890 – March 4, 1891		O'Neill (House) Seniority from March 4, 1873 (20 years, 266 days)	Charles O'Neill^[F] Seniority from March 4, 1873 (20 years, 266 days) (died)
52nd	March 4, 1891 – March 4, 1893
53rd	March 4, 1893 – November 25, 1893
53rd	November 25, 1893 – March 4, 1895		Harmer (House) Seniority from March 4, 1877 (23 years, 2 days)	Alfred C. Harmer^[K]^[F] Seniority from March 4, 1877 (23 years, 2 days) (died)
54th	March 4, 1895 – March 4, 1897
55th	March 4, 1897 – March 4, 1899	Matthew Quay Seniority from March 4, 1887 (11 years, 364 days) (term expired)
56th	March 4, 1899 – March 6, 1900	Boies Penrose Seniority from March 4, 1897 (24 years, 302 days) (died)
56th	March 6, 1900 – March 4, 1901		Bingham (House) Seniority from March 4, 1879 (33 years, 18 days)	Henry H. Bingham^[L] Seniority from March 4, 1879 (33 years, 18 days) (died)
57th	March 4, 1901 – March 4, 1903
58th	March 4, 1903 – March 4, 1905
59th	March 4, 1905 – March 4, 1907
60th	March 4, 1907 – March 4, 1909
61st	March 4, 1909 – March 4, 1911
62nd	March 4, 1911 – March 22, 1912
62nd	March 22, 1912 – March 4, 1913		Dalzell (House) Seniority from March 4, 1887 (25 years, 364 days)	John Dalzell^[M] Seniority from March 4, 1887 (25 years, 364 days) (retired)
63rd	March 4, 1913 – March 4, 1915		Co-deans: Penrose (Senate) Butler (House) Seniority from March 4, 1897 (24 years, 302 days)	Thomas S. Butler^[N] Seniority from March 4, 1897 (31 years, 83 days) (died)
64th	March 4, 1915 – March 4, 1917
65th	March 4, 1917 – March 4, 1919
66th	March 4, 1919 – March 4, 1921
67th	March 4, 1921 – December 31, 1921
	December 31, 1921 – August 2, 1922	William E. Crow Seniority from October 24, 1921^[i] (282 days) (died)	Butler (House) Seniority from March 4, 1897 (31 years, 83 days)
	August 2, 1922 – March 4, 1923	George W. Pepper Seniority from January 9, 1922^[i] (5 years, 53 days) (lost renomination)
68th	March 4, 1923 – March 4, 1925
69th	March 4, 1925 – March 4, 1927
70th	March 4, 1927 – May 26, 1928	David A. Reed Seniority from August 8, 1922^[i] (12 years, 154 days) (lost re-election)
70th	May 26, 1928 – March 4, 1929		Griest (House) Seniority from March 4, 1909 (20 years, 276 days)	William W. Griest Seniority from March 4, 1909 (20 years, 276 days) (died)
71st	March 4, 1929 – December 5, 1929
	December 5, 1929 – June 27, 1930		Porter (House) Seniority from March 4, 1911 (19 years, 115 days)	Stephen G. Porter Seniority from March 4, 1911 (19 years, 115 days) (died)
	June 27, 1930 – July 20, 1930		Co-deans: Graham, Kiess (House) Seniority from March 4, 1913 (17 years, 138 days)	Co-deans: George S. Graham, Edgar R. Kiess Seniority from March 4, 1913 (17 years, 138 days) (Kiess died)
	July 20, 1930 – March 4, 1931		Graham (House) Seniority from March 4, 1913 (18 years, 122 days)	George S. Graham Seniority from March 4, 1913 (18 years, 122 days) (died)
72nd	March 4, 1931 – July 4, 1931
72nd	July 4, 1931 – March 4, 1933		Darrow (House) Seniority from March 4, 1915 (18 years, 176 days)	George P. Darrow Seniority from March 4, 1915^[j] (18 years, 176 days) (co-dean after Watson's death)
73rd	March 4, 1933 – August 27, 1933
73rd	August 27, 1933 – January 3, 1935		Co-deans: Darrow, McFadden (House) Seniority from March 4, 1915 (19 years, 305 days)	Co-deans: George P. Darrow, Louis T. McFadden Seniority from March 4, 1915 (19 years, 305 days) (McFadden lost re-election)
74th	January 3, 1935 – January 3, 1937	James J. Davis Seniority from December 2, 1930^[d] (14 years, 32 days) (lost re-election)	Darrow (House) Seniority from March 4, 1915 (21 years, 305 days)	George P. Darrow Seniority from March 4, 1915 (21 years, 305 days) (lost re-election)
75th	January 3, 1937 – January 3, 1939		Wolfenden (House) Seniority from November 6, 1928 (18 years, 58 days)	James Wolfenden Seniority from November 6, 1928^[c] (18 years, 58 days) (retired)
76th	January 3, 1939 – January 3, 1941
77th	January 3, 1941 – January 3, 1943
78th	January 3, 1943 – January 3, 1945
79th	January 3, 1945 – January 3, 1947	Joseph F. Guffey Seniority from January 3, 1935 (12 years, 0 days) (lost re-election)
80th	January 3, 1947 – January 3, 1949	Francis J. Myers^[B] Seniority from January 3, 1945 (6 years, 0 days) (lost re-election)	Walter (House) Seniority from March 4, 1933 (30 years, 88 days)	Francis E. Walter Seniority from March 4, 1933 (30 years, 88 days) (died)
81st	January 3, 1949 – January 3, 1951
82nd	January 3, 1951 – January 3, 1953	Edward Martin Seniority from January 3, 1947 (12 years, 0 days) (retired)
83rd	January 3, 1953 – January 3, 1955
84th	January 3, 1955 – January 3, 1957
85th	January 3, 1957 – January 3, 1959
86th	January 3, 1959 – January 3, 1961	Joseph S. Clark Jr. Seniority from January 3, 1957 (12 years, 0 days) (lost re-election)
87th	January 3, 1961 – January 3, 1963
88th	January 3, 1963 – May 31, 1963
	May 31, 1963 – September 15, 1963		Gavin (House) Seniority from January 3, 1943 (20 years, 255 days)	Leon H. Gavin Seniority from January 3, 1943 (20 years, 255 days) (died)
	September 15, 1963 – January 3, 1965		Corbett (House) Seniority from January 3, 1945^[e] (26 years, 112 days)	Robert J. Corbett^[F] Seniority from January 3, 1945^[e] (26 years, 112 days) (died)
89th	January 3, 1965 – January 3, 1967
90th	January 3, 1967 – January 3, 1969
91st	January 3, 1969 – January 3, 1971	Hugh Scott^[O]^[B] Seniority from January 3, 1959 (18 years, 0 days) (retired)
92nd	January 3, 1971 – April 25, 1971
	April 25, 1971 – October 6, 1971		Co-deans: Fulton, Morgan (House) Seniority from January 3, 1945 (26 years, 276 days)	Co-deans: James G. Fulton (R), Thomas E. Morgan (D) Seniority from January 3, 1945 (26 years, 276 days) (Fulton died)
	October 6, 1971 – January 3, 1973		Morgan (House) Seniority from January 3, 1945 (32 years, 0 days)	Thomas E. Morgan Seniority from January 3, 1945 (32 years, 0 days) (retired)
93rd	January 3, 1973 – January 3, 1975
94th	January 3, 1975 – January 3, 1977
95th	January 3, 1977 – January 3, 1979	Richard Schweiker^[B] Seniority from January 3, 1969 (12 years, 0 days) (retired)	Flood (House) Seniority from January 3, 1955 (25 years, 28 days)	Daniel Flood^[F] Seniority from January 3, 1955 (25 years, 28 days) (resigned)
96th	January 3, 1979 – January 31, 1980
96th	January 31, 1980 – January 3, 1981		W. Moorhead (House) Seniority from January 3, 1959 (22 years, 0 days)	William S. Moorhead Seniority from January 3, 1959 (22 years, 0 days) (retired)
97th	January 3, 1981 – January 3, 1983	John Heinz^[B] Seniority from January 3, 1977 (14 years, 91 days) (died)	McDade (House) Seniority from January 3, 1963 (36 years, 0 days)	Joseph M. McDade Seniority from January 3, 1963 (36 years, 0 days) (retired)
98th	January 3, 1983 – January 3, 1985
99th	January 3, 1985 – January 3, 1987
100th	January 3, 1987 – January 3, 1989
101st	January 3, 1989 – January 3, 1991
102nd	January 3, 1991 – April 4, 1991
102nd	April 4, 1991 – January 3, 1993	Arlen Specter^[P] Seniority from January 3, 1981 (30 years, 0 days) (lost renomination)^[11]
103rd	January 3, 1993 – January 3, 1995
104th	January 3, 1995 – January 3, 1997
105th	January 3, 1997 – January 3, 1999
106th	January 3, 1999 – January 3, 2001		Shuster (House) Seniority from January 3, 1973 (28 years, 31 days)	Bud Shuster Seniority from January 3, 1973 (28 years, 31 days) (resigned)
107th	January 3, 2001 – February 3, 2001
107th	February 3, 2001 – January 3, 2003		Murtha (House) Seniority from February 5, 1974 (36 years, 3 days)	John Murtha Seniority from February 5, 1974^[c] (36 years, 3 days) (died)
108th	January 3, 2003 – January 3, 2005
109th	January 3, 2005 – January 3, 2007
110th	January 3, 2007 – January 3, 2009
111th	January 3, 2009 – February 8, 2010
111th	February 8, 2010 – January 3, 2011		Specter (Senate) Seniority from January 3, 1981 (30 years, 0 days)	Paul Kanjorski Seniority from January 3, 1985 (26 years, 0 days) (lost re-election)
112th	January 3, 2011 – January 3, 2013	Bob Casey Jr. Seniority from January 3, 2007 (17 years, 301 days) (Incumbent)	Holden (House) Seniority from January 3, 1993 (20 years, 0 days)	Tim Holden Seniority from January 3, 1993 (20 years, 0 days) (lost renomination)^[12]
113th	January 3, 2013 – January 3, 2015		Co-deans: Doyle, Fattah (House) Seniority from January 3, 1995 (21 years, 172 days)	Co-deans: Mike Doyle, Chaka Fattah Seniority from January 3, 1995 (21 years, 172 days) (Fattah resigned)
114th	January 3, 2015 – June 23, 2016
114th	June 23, 2016 – January 3, 2017		Doyle (House) Seniority from January 3, 1995 (28 years, 0 days)	Mike Doyle Seniority from January 3, 1995 (28 years, 0 days) (retired)
115th	January 3, 2017 – January 3, 2019
116th	January 3, 2019 – January 3, 2021
117th	January 3, 2021 – January 3, 2023
118th	January 3, 2023 – present		Casey (Senate) Seniority from January 3, 2007 (17 years, 301 days)	Glenn Thompson Seniority from January 3, 2009 (15 years, 301 days) (Incumbent)
Congress	Dates	Senior senator (Seniority and tenure) (Cause of departure)	Delegation dean (Combined seniority and tenure)	House dean (Seniority and tenure) (Cause of departure)

Rhode Island

Senior members of Rhode Island's congressional delegation (1859–present)
Congress	Dates	Senior senator (Seniority and tenure) (Cause of departure)	Delegation dean (Combined seniority and tenure)	House dean (Seniority and tenure) (Cause of departure)
36th	March 4, 1859 – March 4, 1861	James F. Simmons^[Q] Seniority from March 4, 1857 (5 years, 185 days) (resigned)^[13]	Simmons^[R] (Senate) Seniority from March 4, 1857^[e] (5 years, 185 days)	William D. Brayton Seniority from March 4, 1857 (3 years, 364 days) (lost re-election)
37th	March 4, 1861 – September 5, 1862			No clear dean^[k]^[l]
37th	September 5, 1862 – March 4, 1863	Henry B. Anthony^[S] Seniority from March 4, 1859 (25 years, 182 days) (died)	Anthony (Senate) Seniority from March 4, 1859 (25 years, 182 days)	No clear dean^[k]^[l]
38th	March 4, 1863 – March 4, 1865			Nathan F. Dixon II^[F] Seniority from March 4, 1863^[e] (7 years, 364 days) (retired)
39th	March 4, 1865 – March 4, 1867
40th	March 4, 1867 – March 4, 1869
41st	March 4, 1869 – March 4, 1871
42nd	March 4, 1871 – March 4, 1873			No clear dean^[k]^[m]
43rd	March 4, 1873 – March 4, 1875			No clear dean^[k]^[m]
44th	March 4, 1875 – March 4, 1877			Benjamin T. Eames Seniority from March 4, 1871 (7 years, 364 days) (retired)
45th	March 4, 1877 – March 4, 1879
46th	March 4, 1879 – March 4, 1881			Latimer W. Ballou Seniority from March 4, 1875 (5 years, 364 days) (retired)
47th	March 4, 1881 – October 4, 1881			Nelson W. Aldrich Seniority from March 4, 1879 (2 years, 214 days) (elected to Senate)
	October 4, 1881 – December 5, 1881			Jonathan Chace Seniority from March 4, 1881 (3 years, 328 days) (elected to Senate)
	December 5, 1881 – March 4, 1883
48th	March 4, 1883 – September 2, 1884
	September 2, 1884 – January 26, 1885	Nelson W. Aldrich^[B] Seniority from October 5, 1881^[h] (29 years, 149 days) (retired)	Aldrich (House and Senate) Seniority from March 4, 1879 (31 years, 364 days)
	January 26, 1885 – February 12, 1885			Henry J. Spooner Seniority from December 5, 1881 (9 years, 88 days) (lost re-election)^[14]
	February 12, 1885 – March 4, 1885
49th	March 4, 1885 – March 4, 1887
50th	March 4, 1887 – March 4, 1889
51st	March 4, 1889 – March 4, 1891
52nd	March 4, 1891 – March 4, 1893			Charles H. Page^[F] Seniority from March 4, 1891^[e] (1 year, 364 days) (re-elected late)^[15]
53rd	March 4, 1893 – March 4, 1895			Oscar Lapham Seniority from March 4, 1891 (3 years, 364 days) (lost re-election)^[16]
54th	March 4, 1895 – March 4, 1897			Warren O. Arnold^[F] Seniority from March 4, 1895^[e] (1 year, 364 days) (retired)
55th	March 4, 1897 – March 4, 1899			Melville Bull Seniority from March 4, 1895 (7 years, 364 days) (lost re-election)^[17]
56th	March 4, 1899 – March 4, 1901
57th	March 4, 1901 – March 4, 1903
58th	March 4, 1903 – March 4, 1905			Adin B. Capron Seniority from March 4, 1897 (13 years, 364 days) (retired)
59th	March 4, 1905 – March 4, 1907
60th	March 4, 1907 – March 4, 1909
61st	March 4, 1909 – March 4, 1911
62nd	March 4, 1911 – November 3, 1912	George P. Wetmore^[G] Seniority from January 22, 1908^[h] (5 years, 40 days) (retired)^[18]	Wetmore (Senate) Seniority from January 22, 1908 (5 years, 40 days)	No clear dean^[k]^[n]
62nd	November 3, 1912 – March 4, 1913			George F. O'Shaunessy Seniority from March 4, 1911 (7 years, 364 days) (ran for Senate)
63rd	March 4, 1913 – March 4, 1915	Henry F. Lippitt Seniority from March 4, 1911 (5 years, 364 days) (lost re-election)	Co-deans: Lippitt (Senate) O'Shaunessy (House) Seniority from March 4, 1911 (5 years, 364 days)
64th	March 4, 1915 – March 4, 1917
65th	March 4, 1917 – March 4, 1919	LeBaron B. Colt Seniority from March 4, 1913 (11 years, 167 days) (died)	O'Shaunessy (House) Seniority from March 4, 1911 (7 years, 364 days)
66th	March 4, 1919 – March 4, 1921		Co-deans: Colt (Senate) Kennedy (House) Seniority from March 4, 1913 (9 years, 364 days)	Ambrose Kennedy Seniority from March 4, 1913 (9 years, 364 days) (retired)
67th	March 4, 1921 – March 4, 1923
68th	March 4, 1923 – August 18, 1924		Colt (Senate) Seniority from March 4, 1913 (11 years, 167 days)	Clark Burdick Seniority from March 4, 1919 (13 years, 364 days) (lost re-election)
68th	August 18, 1924 – March 4, 1925	Peter G. Gerry^[B] Seniority from March 4, 1917 (11 years, 364 days) (lost re-election)	Gerry (Senate) Seniority from March 4, 1917 (11 years, 364 days)
69th	March 4, 1925 – March 4, 1927
70th	March 4, 1927 – March 4, 1929
71st	March 4, 1929 – March 4, 1931	Jesse H. Metcalf Seniority from November 4, 1924^[d]^[19] (12 years, 60 days) (lost re-election)	Burdick (House) Seniority from March 4, 1919 (13 years, 364 days)
72nd	March 4, 1931 – March 4, 1933
73rd	March 4, 1933 – January 3, 1935		Metcalf (Senate) Seniority from November 4, 1924 (12 years, 60 days)	Francis Condon Seniority from November 4, 1930^[c] (4 years, 67 days) (appointed RI Supreme Court associate justice)^[20]
74th	January 3, 1935 – January 10, 1935
74th	January 10, 1935 – January 3, 1937			John M. O'Connell Seniority from March 4, 1933 (5 years, 305 days) (retired)
75th	January 3, 1937 – January 3, 1939	Peter G. Gerry^[Q] Seniority from January 3, 1935 (12 years, 0 days) (retired)	O'Connell (House) Seniority from March 4, 1933 (5 years, 305 days)
76th	January 3, 1939 – January 3, 1941		Gerry^[R] (Senate) Seniority from January 3, 1935 (12 years, 0 days)	Charles Risk^[F] Seniority from January 3, 1939^[e] (2 years, 0 days) (lost re-election)
77th	January 3, 1941 – January 3, 1943			Aime Forand^[F] Seniority from January 3, 1941^[e] (20 years, 0 days) (retired)
78th	January 3, 1943 – January 3, 1945
79th	January 3, 1945 – January 3, 1947
80th	January 3, 1947 – January 3, 1949	Theodore F. Green Seniority from January 3, 1937 (24 years, 0 days) (retired)	Green (Senate) Seniority from January 3, 1937 (24 years, 0 days)
81st	January 3, 1949 – January 3, 1951
82nd	January 3, 1951 – January 3, 1953
83rd	January 3, 1953 – January 3, 1955
84th	January 3, 1955 – January 3, 1957
85th	January 3, 1957 – January 3, 1959
86th	January 3, 1959 – January 3, 1961
87th	January 3, 1961 – January 3, 1963	John Pastore Seniority from December 19, 1950^[d] (26 years, 9 days) (resigned)	Fogarty (House) Seniority from January 3, 1941 (26 years, 7 days)	John E. Fogarty Seniority from January 3, 1941 (26 years, 7 days) (died)
88th	January 3, 1963 – January 3, 1965
89th	January 3, 1965 – January 3, 1967
90th	January 3, 1967 – January 10, 1967
90th	January 10, 1967 – January 3, 1969		Pastore (Senate) Seniority from December 19, 1950 (26 years, 9 days)	Fernand St Germain Seniority from January 3, 1961 (28 years, 0 days) (lost re-election)^[21]
91st	January 3, 1969 – January 3, 1971
92nd	January 3, 1971 – January 3, 1973
93rd	January 3, 1973 – January 3, 1975
94th	January 3, 1975 – December 28, 1976
94th	December 28, 1976 – January 3, 1977	Claiborne Pell Seniority from January 3, 1961 (36 years, 0 days) (retired)	Co-deans: Pell (Senate) St Germain (House) Seniority from January 3, 1961 (28 years, 0 days)
95th	January 3, 1977 – January 3, 1979
96th	January 3, 1979 – January 3, 1981
97th	January 3, 1981 – January 3, 1983
98th	January 3, 1983 – January 3, 1985
99th	January 3, 1985 – January 3, 1987
100th	January 3, 1987 – January 3, 1989
101st	January 3, 1989 – January 3, 1991		Pell (Senate) Seniority from January 3, 1961 (36 years, 0 days)	Claudine Schneider Seniority from January 3, 1981 (10 years, 0 days) (ran for Senate)
102nd	January 3, 1991 – January 3, 1993			Ronald Machtley Seniority from January 3, 1989 (6 years, 0 days) (ran for Rhode Island governor)
103rd	January 3, 1993 – January 3, 1995
104th	January 3, 1995 – January 3, 1997			Jack Reed Seniority from January 3, 1991 (6 years, 0 days) (elected to Senate)
105th	January 3, 1997 – January 3, 1999	John Chafee Seniority from December 29, 1976^[i] (22 years, 299 days) (died)	Chafee (Senate) Seniority from December 29, 1976 (22 years, 299 days)	Patrick J. Kennedy Seniority from January 3, 1995 (16 years, 0 days) (retired)
106th	January 3, 1999 – October 24, 1999
106th	October 24, 1999 – January 3, 2001	Jack Reed^[B] Seniority from January 3, 1997 (27 years, 301 days) (Incumbent)	Reed (House and Senate) Seniority from January 3, 1991 (33 years, 301 days)
107th	January 3, 2001 – January 3, 2003
108th	January 3, 2003 – January 3, 2005
109th	January 3, 2005 – January 3, 2007
110th	January 3, 2007 – January 3, 2009
111th	January 3, 2009 – January 3, 2011
112th	January 3, 2011 – January 3, 2013			James Langevin Seniority from January 3, 2001 (22 years, 0 days) (retired)
113th	January 3, 2013 – January 3, 2015
114th	January 3, 2015 – January 3, 2017
115th	January 3, 2017 – January 3, 2019
116th	January 3, 2019 – January 3, 2021
117th	January 3, 2021 – January 3, 2023
118th	January 3, 2023 – May 31, 2023			David Cicilline Seniority from January 3, 2011 (12 years, 148 days) (resigned)
118th	May 31, 2023 – present			Seth Magaziner Seniority from January 3, 2023 (1 year, 301 days) (Incumbent)
Congress	Dates	Senior senator (Seniority and tenure) (Cause of departure)	Delegation dean (Combined seniority and tenure)	House dean (Seniority and tenure) (Cause of departure)

South Carolina

Senior members of South Carolina's congressional delegation
Congress	Dates	Senior senator (Seniority and tenure) (Cause of departure)	Delegation dean (Combined seniority and tenure)	House dean (Seniority and tenure) (Cause of departure)
1st	March 4, 1789 – March 4, 1791	Pierce Butler^[T] Seniority from March 4, 1789^[o] (7 years, 235 days) (resigned)^[22]	None	None (same seniority)
2nd	March 4, 1791 – March 4, 1793			Daniel Huger Seniority from March 4, 1789^[j] (3 years, 364 days) (retired)^[23]
3rd	March 4, 1793 – March 4, 1795			William Loughton Smith^[U] Seniority from March 4, 1789^[24] (8 years, 128 days) (appointed Minister to Portugal)
4th	March 4, 1795 – October 25, 1796
4th	October 25, 1796 – March 4, 1797	Jacob Read^[V] Seniority from March 4, 1795 (5 years, 364 days) (lost re-election)	W. L. Smith (House) Seniority from March 4, 1789 (8 years, 128 days)
5th	March 4, 1797 – July 10, 1797
5th	July 10, 1797 – March 4, 1799		Benton (House) Seniority from March 4, 1793 (5 years, 364 days)	Lemuel Benton Seniority from March 4, 1793 (5 years, 364 days) (lost re-election)
6th	March 4, 1799 – March 4, 1801		Harper (House) Seniority from February 9, 1795 (6 years, 22 days)	Robert Goodloe Harper Seniority from February 9, 1795^[c] (6 years, 22 days) (lost re-election)^[25]
7th	March 4, 1801 – June 6, 1801	Charles Pinckney Seniority from December 6, 1798^[h] (2 years, 182 days) (appointed Minister to Spain)	Sumter (House and Senate) Seniority from March 4, 1797^[e] (13 years, 287 days)	Thomas Sumter^[F] Seniority from March 4, 1797^[e] (4 years, 286 days) (elected to Senate)
	June 6, 1801 – December 15, 1801	John E. Colhoun Seniority from March 4, 1801 (1 year, 236 days) (died)
	December 15, 1801 – October 26, 1802			John Rutledge Jr. Seniority from March 4, 1797 (5 years, 364 days) (retired)
	October 26, 1802 – March 4, 1803	Thomas Sumter^[B] Seniority from December 15, 1801^[h] (9 years, 1 day) (resigned)^[26]
8th	March 4, 1803 – March 4, 1805			Benjamin Huger Seniority from March 4, 1799 (5 years, 364 days) (retired)
9th	March 4, 1805 – March 4, 1807			Co-deans: William Butler, Thomas Moore Seniority from March 4, 1801 (11 years, 364 days) (both retired)^[27]^[28]
10th	March 4, 1807 – March 4, 1809
11th	March 4, 1809 – December 16, 1810
11th	December 16, 1810 – March 4, 1811	John Gaillard^[W]^[X] Seniority from December 6, 1804^[h] (21 years, 82 days) (died)	Co-deans: W. Butler, Moore (House) Seniority from March 4, 1801 (11 years, 364 days)
12th	March 4, 1811 – March 4, 1813
13th	March 4, 1813 – March 4, 1815		Gaillard (Senate) Seniority from December 6, 1804 (21 years, 82 days)	Langdon Cheves^[Y] Seniority from December 31, 1810^[c] (4 years, 62 days) (retired)^[29]
14th	March 4, 1815 – March 4, 1817			Co-deans: John C. Calhoun, William Lowndes Seniority from March 4, 1811 (6 years, 244 days) (Calhoun appointed Secretary of War)^[30]
15th	March 4, 1817 – November 3, 1817
15th	November 3, 1817 – March 4, 1819			William Lowndes Seniority from March 4, 1811 (11 years, 65 days) (resigned)^[31]
16th	March 4, 1819 – March 4, 1821
17th	March 4, 1821 – May 8, 1822
17th	May 8, 1822 – March 4, 1823			Starling Tucker^[X] Seniority from March 4, 1817 (13 years, 364 days) (retired)
18th	March 4, 1823 – March 4, 1825
19th	March 4, 1825 – February 26, 1826
19th	February 26, 1826 – March 4, 1827	Robert Y. Hayne^[Z] Seniority from March 4, 1823 (9 years, 284 days) (elected South Carolina governor)	Tucker (House) Seniority from March 4, 1817 (13 years, 364 days)
20th	March 4, 1827 – March 4, 1829
21st	March 4, 1829 – March 4, 1831
22nd	March 4, 1831 – December 13, 1832		McDuffie (House) Seniority from March 4, 1821 (13 years, 279 days)	George McDuffie Seniority from March 4, 1821 (13 years, 279 days) (elected South Carolina governor)
	December 13, 1832 – March 2, 1833	Stephen Decatur Miller^[B] Seniority from March 4, 1831 (1 year, 363 days) (resigned)^[32]
	March 2, 1833 – March 4, 1833	John C. Calhoun^[AA]^[AB]^[B] Seniority from December 29, 1832^[h] (10 years, 64 days) (resigned)^[30]
23rd	March 4, 1833 – December 8, 1834
	December 8, 1834 – January 29, 1835		Davis (House) Seniority from March 4, 1827 (7 years, 331 days)	Warren R. Davis Seniority from March 4, 1827 (7 years, 331 days) (died)
	January 29, 1835 – March 4, 1835		Co-deans: Felder, Griffin (House) Seniority from March 4, 1831 (3 years, 364 days)	Co-deans: John M. Felder, John K. Griffin Seniority from March 4, 1831 (3 years, 364 days) (Felder retired)
24th	March 4, 1835 – March 4, 1837		Griffin (House) Seniority from March 4, 1831 (9 years, 364 days)	John K. Griffin^[AC] Seniority from March 4, 1831 (9 years, 364 days) (retired)
25th	March 4, 1837 – March 4, 1839
26th	March 4, 1839 – March 4, 1841
27th	March 4, 1841 – March 4, 1843		Calhoun (Senate) Seniority from December 29, 1832 (10 years, 64 days)	Francis Wilkinson Pickens Seniority from December 8, 1834^[c] (8 years, 85 days) (retired)
28th	March 4, 1843 – March 4, 1845	George McDuffie^[B] Seniority from December 23, 1842^[h] (3 years, 237 days) (resigned)^[33]	Campbell (House) Seniority from March 4, 1837^[e] (7 years, 364 days)	John Campbell^[F] Seniority from March 4, 1837^[e] (7 years, 364 days) (retired)
29th	March 4, 1845 – August 17, 1846		Rhett (House) Seniority from March 4, 1837 (11 years, 364 days)	Robert Rhett Seniority from March 4, 1837 (11 years, 364 days) (retired)
29th	August 17, 1846 – March 4, 1847	John C. Calhoun^[Q] Seniority from November 26, 1845^[h] (4 years, 125 days) (died)^[30]
30th	March 4, 1847 – March 4, 1849
31st	March 4, 1849 – March 31, 1850		Holmes (House) Seniority from March 4, 1839 (11 years, 364 days)	Isaac E. Holmes Seniority from March 4, 1839 (11 years, 364 days) (retired)
31st	March 31, 1850 – March 4, 1851	Andrew Butler Seniority from December 4, 1846^[i] (10 years, 172 days) (died)
32nd	March 4, 1851 – March 4, 1853		Co-deans: Burt, Woodward (House) Seniority from March 4, 1843 (9 years, 364 days)	Co-deans: Armistead Burt, Joseph Woodward Seniority from March 4, 1843 (9 years, 364 days) (both retired)^[34]^[35]
33rd	March 4, 1853 – March 4, 1855		A. Butler (Senate) Seniority from December 4, 1846 (10 years, 172 days)	John McQueen Seniority from February 12, 1849^[c] (11 years, 313 days) (resigned)
34th	March 4, 1855 – March 4, 1857
35th	March 4, 1857 – May 25, 1857
	May 25, 1857 – May 6, 1858	Josiah J. Evans Seniority from March 4, 1853 (5 years, 63 days) (died)	McQueen (House) Seniority from February 12, 1849 (11 years, 313 days)
	May 6, 1858 – March 4, 1859	James H. Hammond^[B] Seniority from December 7, 1857^[h] (2 years, 340 days) (withdrew)^[36]
36th	March 4, 1859 – November 11, 1860
	November 11, 1860 – December 21, 1860	Vacant (Civil War and Reconstruction)
	December 21, 1860 – March 4, 1861		None	Vacant (Civil War and Reconstruction)
37th	March 4, 1861 – March 4, 1863
38th	March 4, 1863 – March 4, 1865
39th	March 4, 1865 – March 4, 1867
40th	March 4, 1867 – July 15, 1868
	July 15, 1868 – July 16, 1868	Thomas J. Robertson Seniority from July 15, 1868^[p] (8 years, 231 days) (retired)
	July 16, 1868 – July 18, 1868		Robertson (Senate) Seniority from July 15, 1868 (8 years, 231 days)
	July 18, 1868 – July 20, 1868			No clear dean^[q]^[r]
	July 20, 1868 – March 4, 1869			Co-deans: James H. Goss, B. F. Whittemore Seniority from July 18, 1868 (228 days) (Goss retired)^[37]
41st	March 4, 1869 – February 24, 1870			B. F. Whittemore Seniority from July 18, 1868 (1 year, 221 days) (resigned)^[38]
41st	February 24, 1870 – March 4, 1871			Christopher C. Bowen Seniority from July 20, 1868 (2 years, 226 days) (lost re-election)^[39]
42nd	March 4, 1871 – March 4, 1873			Alexander S. Wallace Seniority from May 27, 1870^[s] (6 years, 280 days) (lost re-election)^[40]
43rd	March 4, 1873 – March 4, 1875
44th	March 4, 1875 – March 4, 1877
45th	March 4, 1877 – March 4, 1879	John J. Patterson Seniority from March 4, 1873 (5 years, 364 days) (retired)	Rainey (House) Seniority from November 8, 1870 (8 years, 115 days)	Joseph Rainey Seniority from November 8, 1870^[c]^[41] (8 years, 115 days) (lost re-election)
46th	March 4, 1879 – March 4, 1881	Matthew Butler Seniority from March 4, 1877 (17 years, 364 days) (lost renomination)	Co-deans: M. Butler (Senate) Aiken, Evins (House) Seniority from March 4, 1877 (7 years, 230 days)	Co-deans: D. Wyatt Aiken, John H. Evins Seniority from March 4, 1877 (7 years, 230 days) (Evins died)
47th	March 4, 1881 – March 4, 1883
48th	March 4, 1883 – October 20, 1884
48th	October 20, 1884 – March 4, 1885		Co-deans: M. Butler (Senate) Aiken (House) Seniority from March 4, 1877 (9 years, 364 days)	D. Wyatt Aiken Seniority from March 4, 1877 (9 years, 364 days) (retired)^[42]
49th	March 4, 1885 – March 4, 1887
50th	March 4, 1887 – March 4, 1889		M. Butler (Senate) Seniority from March 4, 1877 (17 years, 364 days)	George D. Tillman^[F] Seniority from March 4, 1883^[t] (9 years, 364 days) (lost renomination)^[43]
51st	March 4, 1889 – March 4, 1891
52nd	March 4, 1891 – March 4, 1893
53rd	March 4, 1893 – February 12, 1894			Co-deans: William H. Brawley, George W. Shell Seniority from March 4, 1891 (2 years, 345 days) (Brawley appointed district court judge)^[44]
53rd	February 12, 1894 – March 4, 1895			George W. Shell Seniority from March 4, 1891 (3 years, 364 days) (retired)
54th	March 4, 1895 – March 4, 1897	John L. M. Irby Seniority from March 4, 1891 (5 years, 364 days) (retired)	Irby (Senate) Seniority from March 4, 1891 (5 years, 364 days)	John L. McLaurin Seniority from December 5, 1892^[c] (4 years, 177 days) (appointed to Senate)
55th	March 4, 1897 – May 31, 1897	Benjamin Tillman Seniority from March 4, 1895 (23 years, 121 days) (died)	McLaurin^[AD] (House and Senate) Seniority from December 5, 1892 (10 years, 88 days)
55th	May 31, 1897 – March 4, 1899			Asbury Latimer Seniority from March 4, 1893^[j] (9 years, 364 days) (elected to Senate)
56th	March 4, 1899 – March 4, 1901
57th	March 4, 1901 – March 4, 1903
58th	March 4, 1903 – March 4, 1905		Latimer^[AD] (House and Senate) Seniority from March 4, 1893 (14 years, 353 days)	David E. Finley Seniority from March 4, 1899 (17 years, 328 days) (died)
59th	March 4, 1905 – March 4, 1907
60th	March 4, 1907 – February 20, 1908
60th	February 20, 1908 – March 4, 1909		Tillman (Senate) Seniority from March 4, 1895 (23 years, 121 days)
61st	March 4, 1909 – March 4, 1911
62nd	March 4, 1911 – March 4, 1913
63rd	March 4, 1913 – March 4, 1915
64th	March 4, 1915 – January 26, 1917
64th	January 26, 1917 – March 4, 1917			A. Frank Lever Seniority from November 5, 1901^[c] (17 years, 269 days) (appointed to Federal Farm Loan Board)
65th	March 4, 1917 – July 3, 1918
65th	July 3, 1918 – March 4, 1919	Ellison D. Smith^[AE] Seniority from March 4, 1909 (35 years, 258 days) (died)	Lever (House) Seniority from November 5, 1901 (17 years, 269 days)
66th	March 4, 1919 – August 1, 1919
66th	August 1, 1919 – March 4, 1921		E. D. Smith (Senate) Seniority from March 4, 1909 (35 years, 258 days)	James F. Byrnes Seniority from March 4, 1911 (13 years, 364 days) (ran for Senate)
67th	March 4, 1921 – March 4, 1923
68th	March 4, 1923 – March 4, 1925
69th	March 4, 1925 – March 4, 1927			Co-deans: Frederick H. Dominick, William F. Stevenson Seniority from March 4, 1917 (15 years, 364 days) (both lost renomination)^[45]^[46]
70th	March 4, 1927 – March 4, 1929
71st	March 4, 1929 – March 4, 1931
72nd	March 4, 1931 – March 4, 1933
73rd	March 4, 1933 – January 3, 1935			Co-deans: Hampton P. Fulmer, John J. McSwain Seniority from March 4, 1921 (15 years, 155 days) (McSwain died)^[47]
74th	January 3, 1935 – August 6, 1936
74th	August 6, 1936 – January 3, 1937			Hampton P. Fulmer Seniority from March 4, 1921 (23 years, 229 days) (died)
75th	January 3, 1937 – January 3, 1939
76th	January 3, 1939 – January 3, 1941
77th	January 3, 1941 – July 8, 1941
77th	July 8, 1941 – January 3, 1943
78th	January 3, 1943 – October 19, 1944
	October 19, 1944 – November 17, 1944			James P. Richards Seniority from March 4, 1933 (23 years, 305 days) (retired)
	November 17, 1944 – January 3, 1945	Burnet R. Maybank Seniority from November 5, 1941^[d] (12 years, 300 days) (died)	Richards (House) Seniority from March 4, 1933 (23 years, 305 days)
79th	January 3, 1945 – January 3, 1947
80th	January 3, 1947 – January 3, 1949
81st	January 3, 1949 – January 3, 1951
82nd	January 3, 1951 – January 3, 1953
83rd	January 3, 1953 – September 1, 1954
83rd	September 1, 1954 – January 3, 1955	Olin D. Johnston Seniority from January 3, 1945 (20 years, 105 days) (died)
84th	January 3, 1955 – January 3, 1957
85th	January 3, 1957 – January 3, 1959		McMillan (House) Seniority from January 3, 1939 (34 years, 0 days)	John L. McMillan Seniority from January 3, 1939 (34 years, 0 days) (lost renomination)^[48]
86th	January 3, 1959 – January 3, 1961
87th	January 3, 1961 – January 3, 1963
88th	January 3, 1963 – January 3, 1965
89th	January 3, 1965 – April 18, 1965
89th	April 18, 1965 – January 3, 1967	Strom Thurmond^[AF]^[G] Seniority from November 7, 1956^[d] (46 years, 57 days) (retired)^[49]
90th	January 3, 1967 – January 3, 1969
91st	January 3, 1969 – January 3, 1971
92nd	January 3, 1971 – January 3, 1973
93rd	January 3, 1973 – December 31, 1974		Dorn (House) Seniority from January 3, 1951 (23 years, 362 days)	W. J. Bryan Dorn^[F] Seniority from January 3, 1951 (23 years, 362 days) (resigned)^[50]
93rd	December 31, 1974 – January 3, 1975		Thurmond (Senate) Seniority from November 7, 1956 (46 years, 57 days)	James Mann Seniority from January 3, 1969 (10 years, 0 days) (retired)
94th	January 3, 1975 – January 3, 1977
95th	January 3, 1977 – January 3, 1979
96th	January 3, 1979 – January 3, 1981			Floyd Spence Seniority from January 3, 1971 (30 years, 225 days) (died)
97th	January 3, 1981 – January 3, 1983
98th	January 3, 1983 – January 3, 1985
99th	January 3, 1985 – January 3, 1987
100th	January 3, 1987 – January 3, 1989
101st	January 3, 1989 – January 3, 1991
102nd	January 3, 1991 – January 3, 1993
103rd	January 3, 1993 – January 3, 1995
104th	January 3, 1995 – January 3, 1997
105th	January 3, 1997 – January 3, 1999
106th	January 3, 1999 – January 3, 2001
107th	January 3, 2001 – August 16, 2001
107th	August 16, 2001 – January 3, 2003			John Spratt Seniority from January 3, 1983 (28 years, 0 days) (lost re-election)
108th	January 3, 2003 – January 3, 2005	Fritz Hollings Seniority from November 9, 1966^[d] (38 years, 55 days) (retired)	Hollings (Senate) Seniority from November 9, 1966 (38 years, 55 days)
109th	January 3, 2005 – January 3, 2007	Lindsey Graham^[B] Seniority from January 3, 2003 (21 years, 301 days) (Incumbent)	Spratt (House) Seniority from January 3, 1983 (28 years, 0 days)
110th	January 3, 2007 – January 3, 2009
111th	January 3, 2009 – January 3, 2011
112th	January 3, 2011 – January 3, 2013		Clyburn (House) Seniority from January 3, 1993 (31 years, 301 days)	Jim Clyburn Seniority from January 3, 1993 (31 years, 301 days) (Incumbent)
113th	January 3, 2013 – January 3, 2015
114th	January 3, 2015 – January 3, 2017
115th	January 3, 2017 – January 3, 2019
116th	January 3, 2019 – January 3, 2021
117th	January 3, 2021 – January 3, 2023
118th	January 3, 2023 – present
Congress	Dates	Senior senator (Seniority and tenure) (Cause of departure)	Delegation dean (Combined seniority and tenure)	House dean (Seniority and tenure) (Cause of departure)

References

^ "CARTER, Charles David (1868 – 1929)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved August 25, 2024.
^ "MCCLINTIC, James Vernon (1878 – 1948)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved August 25, 2024.
^ "CARTWRIGHT, Wilburn (1892 – 1979)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved August 25, 2024.
^ "JOHNSON, Jed Joseph (1888 – 1963)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved August 25, 2024.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e "Chapter 7 § 2. Seniority and Derivative Rights". Deschler's Precedents, Volume 2 (PDF). U.S. Government Publishing Office. January 1, 1994. p. 670. Retrieved November 5, 2023.
^ "MORRIS, Toby (1899 – 1973)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved August 25, 2024.
^ "HARRIS, Fred Roy (1930 – )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved August 25, 2024.
^ "INHOFE, James Mountain (1934 – 2024)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved August 25, 2024.
^ "FLORENCE, Thomas Birch (1812 – 1875)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved April 3, 2024.
^ "BIGLER, William (1814 – 1880)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved April 1, 2024.
^ "SPECTER, Arlen (1930 – 2012)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved April 1, 2024.
^ "HOLDEN, Thomas Timothy (Tim) (1957 – )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved April 4, 2024.
^ "SIMMONS, James Fowler (1795 – 1864)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved August 18, 2024.
^ "SPOONER, Henry Joshua (1839 – 1918)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved August 22, 2024.
^ "PAGE, Charles Harrison (1843 – 1912)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved August 22, 2024.
^ "LAPHAM, Oscar (1837 – 1926)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved August 22, 2024.
^ "BULL, Melville (1854 – 1909)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved August 22, 2024.
^ "WETMORE, George Peabody (1846 – 1921)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved August 18, 2024.
^ "METCALF, Jesse Houghton (1860 – 1942)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved August 18, 2024.
^ "CONDON, Francis Bernard (1891 – 1965)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved August 22, 2024.
^ "ST. GERMAIN, Fernand Joseph (1928 – 2014)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved August 25, 2024.
^ "BUTLER, Pierce (1744 – 1822)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved September 22, 2024.
^ "HUGER, Daniel (1742 – 1799)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved September 22, 2024.
^ "SMITH, William Loughton (ca. 1758 – 1812)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved December 21, 2023.
^ "HARPER, Robert Goodloe (1765 – 1825)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved September 22, 2024.
^ "SUMTER, Thomas (1734 – 1832)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved September 22, 2024.
^ "BUTLER, William (1759 – 1821)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved September 22, 2024.
^ "MOORE, Thomas (1759 – 1822)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved September 22, 2024.
^ "CHEVES, Langdon (1776 – 1857)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved September 22, 2024.
^ ^a ^b ^c "CALHOUN, John Caldwell (1782 – 1850)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved September 22, 2024.
^ "LOWNDES, William (1782 – 1822)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved September 23, 2024.
^ "MILLER, Stephen Decatur (1787 – 1838)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved September 22, 2024.
^ "MCDUFFIE, George (1790 – 1851)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved September 22, 2024.
^ "BURT, Armistead (1802 – 1883)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved September 22, 2024.
^ "WOODWARD, Joseph Addison (1806 – 1885)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved September 22, 2024.
^ "HAMMOND, James Henry (1807 – 1864)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved September 22, 2024.
^ "GOSS, James Hamilton (1820 – 1886)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved September 23, 2024.
^ "WHITTEMORE, Benjamin Franklin (1824 – 1894)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved September 23, 2024.
^ "BOWEN, Christopher Columbus (1832 – 1880)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved September 23, 2024.
^ "WALLACE, Alexander Stuart (1810 – 1893)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved September 24, 2024.
^ "Joseph Hayne Rainey". Black Americans in Congress. Archived from the original on June 25, 2012. Retrieved September 24, 2024.
^ "AIKEN, David Wyatt (1828 – 1887)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved September 24, 2024.
^ "AIKEN, David Wyatt (1828 – 1887)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved September 24, 2024.
^ "BRAWLEY, William Huggins (1841 – 1916)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved September 24, 2024.
^ "DOMINICK, Frederick Haskell (1877 – 1960)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved September 24, 2024.
^ "STEVENSON, William Francis (1861 – 1942)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved September 24, 2024.
^ "Chairman of House Committee Dies". The Telegraph-Herald. Dubuque, Iowa. Associated Press (AP). August 7, 1936. p. 1. Retrieved December 14, 2020.
^ "MCMILLAN, John Lanneau (1898 – 1979)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved September 24, 2024.
^ Stolberg, Sheryl Gay (November 23, 2002). "South Carolina Sen. Strom Thurmond bids farewell". The Gainesville Sun. Washington, D. C.: The New York Times. Retrieved September 22, 2024.
^ "DORN, William Jennings Bryan (1916 – 2005)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved September 24, 2024.

Footnotes (positional)

^ Former non-voting delegate to the House of Representatives
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s Senator who previously served in the House of Representatives
^ Speaker of the House and House Democratic Leader from 1971 to 1977
^ Elected as Democrat until 1857
^ Speaker of the House and House Republican Leader from 1861 to 1863
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ Previously served non-consecutive term(s) in the House
^ ^a ^b ^c Previously served non-consecutive term(s) in the Senate
^ Dean of the House from 1875 to 1890
^ Senate Democratic Leader from 1877 to 1881
^
Various positions:
- Speaker of the House (1876–1881)
- House Democratic Leader (1869–1871, alongside William E. Niblack)
- Dean of the House (Jan–Apr 1890)
^ Dean of the House from 1897 to 1900
^ Dean of the House from 1900 to 1912
^ Dean of the House from 1912 to 1913
^ Dean of the House from 1925 to 1928
^ Senate Republican Leader from 1969 to 1977
^ Republican until 2009
^ ^a ^b ^c Second time; previously served non-consecutive term(s) in the Senate
^ ^a ^b Second time
^
Various positions:
- President pro tempore (1869–1873, January 25 – February 17, 1875)
- Senate Republican Leader (de facto) (1862–1884)
- Dean of the Senate (1875–1884)
^ Pro-Administration from 1789 to 1791, Anti-Administration from 1791 to 1795
^ Elected as Pro-Administration until 1795
^ President pro tempore from November to December 1797
^
Various positions:
- President pro tempore (February–December 1810, 1814–1819, 1820–1825)
- Dean of the Senate (1815–1826)
^ ^a ^b Elected as Democratic-Republican until 1825
^ Speaker of the House from 1814 to 1815
^ Elected as Jacksonian Democrat from 1825 to 1831
^ Former Vice President (ex officio President of the Senate)
^ Elected as Nullifier until 1837
^ Elected as Nullifier until 1839
^ ^a ^b as junior senator
^ Dean of the Senate from 1940 to 1944
^
Various positions:
- President pro tempore (1981–1987, 1995–2001, 2001)
- Dean of the Senate (1989–2003)
- President pro tempore emeritus (2001–2003)

Footnotes (seniority)

^ ^a ^b Seniority over Charles D. Carter, James S. Davenport, Scott Ferris, and Elmer L. Fulton due to tenure as delegate to the House of Representatives from Oklahoma Territory
^ Seniority over Robert L. Owen due to surname coming first alphabetically
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l Representative elected to fill vacancy; seniority calculated from date of special election (if different from date the seat was filled)^[5] Cite error: The named reference "housevacancy" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h Senator elected to fill intra-term vacancy after ratification of the Seventeenth Amendment; seniority calculated from date the individual assumed office
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o Shares seniority date with other officeholder(s); credited as sole dean by past non-consecutive terms in Congress
^ Elected late
^ Simon Cameron, who would have been the senior senator after William Bigler's election loss, resigned on March 4, 1861, the same day Bigler's term expired, to serve as Secretary of War. This left Cowan as the senior senator despite succeeding Bigler in office.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j Senator elected by state legislature intra-term prior to ratification of Seventeenth Amendment; seniority calculated from election date (if different from date the seat was filled)
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Senator appointed to fill intra-term vacancy; seniority calculated from date of appointment
^ ^a ^b ^c Shares seniority date with more than two other Representatives (thus unable to count as co-deans); credited as sole dean due to surname coming first alphabetically
^ ^a ^b ^c Preceding elections involved turnover of all sitting incumbents; incoming officeholders share a seniority date with no distinguishing aspects
^ George H. Browne and William P. Sheffield Sr. shared seniority until March 4, 1863
^ James M. Pendleton shared seniority with Benjamin T. Eames until March 4, 1879
^ George F. O'Shaunessy shared seniority with George H. Utter until Utter's death on November 3, 1912
^ Seniority over Ralph Izard due to surname coming first alphabetically
^ Seniority over Frederick A. Sawyer as Robertson assumed his seat one day before Sawyer
^ Newly-seated post-Civil War representatives share seniority date of July 18, 1868
^ All newly-seated members shared seniority until Christopher C. Bowen was elected on July 20, 1868
^ Seated late due to contested election
^ Served more prior non-consecutive terms (one full, one partial) than Samuel Dibble (one partial)

Bibliography

Biographical Directory of the United States Congress (1774 – 2005) (PDF), Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 2005, retrieved November 12, 2023

[4] "CARTER, Charles David (1868 – 1929)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved August 25, 2024.

[6] "MCCLINTIC, James Vernon (1878 – 1948)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved August 25, 2024.

[7] "CARTWRIGHT, Wilburn (1892 – 1979)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved August 25, 2024.

[8] "JOHNSON, Jed Joseph (1888 – 1963)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved August 25, 2024.

[deschlersseniority-9] "Chapter 7 § 2. Seniority and Derivative Rights". Deschler's Precedents, Volume 2 (PDF). U.S. Government Publishing Office. January 1, 1994. p. 670. Retrieved November 5, 2023.

[11] "MORRIS, Toby (1899 – 1973)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved August 25, 2024.

[14] "HARRIS, Fred Roy (1930 – )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved August 25, 2024.

[15] "INHOFE, James Mountain (1934 – 2024)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved August 25, 2024.

[18] "FLORENCE, Thomas Birch (1812 – 1875)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved April 3, 2024.

[20] "BIGLER, William (1814 – 1880)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved April 1, 2024.

[37] "SPECTER, Arlen (1930 – 2012)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved April 1, 2024.

[38] "HOLDEN, Thomas Timothy (Tim) (1957 – )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved April 4, 2024.

[40] "SIMMONS, James Fowler (1795 – 1864)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved August 18, 2024.

[46] "SPOONER, Henry Joshua (1839 – 1918)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved August 22, 2024.

[47] "PAGE, Charles Harrison (1843 – 1912)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved August 22, 2024.

[48] "LAPHAM, Oscar (1837 – 1926)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved August 22, 2024.

[49] "BULL, Melville (1854 – 1909)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved August 22, 2024.

[50] "WETMORE, George Peabody (1846 – 1921)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved August 18, 2024.

[52] "METCALF, Jesse Houghton (1860 – 1942)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved August 18, 2024.

[53] "CONDON, Francis Bernard (1891 – 1965)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved August 22, 2024.

[54] "ST. GERMAIN, Fernand Joseph (1928 – 2014)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved August 25, 2024.

[57] "BUTLER, Pierce (1744 – 1822)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved September 22, 2024.

[58] "HUGER, Daniel (1742 – 1799)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved September 22, 2024.

[60] "SMITH, William Loughton (ca. 1758 – 1812)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved December 21, 2023.

[62] "HARPER, Robert Goodloe (1765 – 1825)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved September 22, 2024.

[63] "SUMTER, Thomas (1734 – 1832)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved September 22, 2024.

[64] "BUTLER, William (1759 – 1821)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved September 22, 2024.

[65] "MOORE, Thomas (1759 – 1822)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved September 22, 2024.

[69] "CHEVES, Langdon (1776 – 1857)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved September 22, 2024.

[calhoun-70] "CALHOUN, John Caldwell (1782 – 1850)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved September 22, 2024.

[71] "LOWNDES, William (1782 – 1822)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved September 23, 2024.

[73] "MILLER, Stephen Decatur (1787 – 1838)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved September 22, 2024.

[77] "MCDUFFIE, George (1790 – 1851)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved September 22, 2024.

[78] "BURT, Armistead (1802 – 1883)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved September 22, 2024.

[79] "WOODWARD, Joseph Addison (1806 – 1885)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved September 22, 2024.

[80] "HAMMOND, James Henry (1807 – 1864)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved September 22, 2024.

[84] "GOSS, James Hamilton (1820 – 1886)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved September 23, 2024.

[85] "WHITTEMORE, Benjamin Franklin (1824 – 1894)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved September 23, 2024.

[86] "BOWEN, Christopher Columbus (1832 – 1880)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved September 23, 2024.

[88] "WALLACE, Alexander Stuart (1810 – 1893)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved September 24, 2024.

[89] "Joseph Hayne Rainey". Black Americans in Congress. Archived from the original on June 25, 2012. Retrieved September 24, 2024.

[90] "AIKEN, David Wyatt (1828 – 1887)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved September 24, 2024.

[92] "AIKEN, David Wyatt (1828 – 1887)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved September 24, 2024.

[93] "BRAWLEY, William Huggins (1841 – 1916)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved September 24, 2024.

[96] "DOMINICK, Frederick Haskell (1877 – 1960)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved September 24, 2024.

[97] "STEVENSON, William Francis (1861 – 1942)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved September 24, 2024.

[98] "Chairman of House Committee Dies". The Telegraph-Herald. Dubuque, Iowa. Associated Press (AP). August 7, 1936. p. 1. Retrieved December 14, 2020.

[99] "MCMILLAN, John Lanneau (1898 – 1979)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved September 24, 2024.

[101] Stolberg, Sheryl Gay (November 23, 2002). "South Carolina Sen. Strom Thurmond bids farewell". The Gainesville Sun. Washington, D. C.: The New York Times. Retrieved September 22, 2024.

[102] "DORN, William Jennings Bryan (1916 – 2005)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved September 24, 2024.

[formerdelegate-2] Former non-voting delegate to the House of Representatives

[formerhouse-5] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s Senator who previously served in the House of Representatives

[12] Speaker of the House and House Democratic Leader from 1971 to 1977

[17] Elected as Democrat until 1857

[22] Speaker of the House and House Republican Leader from 1861 to 1863

[housenonconsecutive-23] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ Previously served non-consecutive term(s) in the House

[senatenonconsecutive-24] Previously served non-consecutive term(s) in the Senate

[25] Dean of the House from 1875 to 1890

[26] Senate Democratic Leader from 1877 to 1881

[28] Various positions:
Speaker of the House (1876–1881)

House Democratic Leader (1869–1871, alongside William E. Niblack)

Dean of the House (Jan–Apr 1890)

[61] Speaker of the House (1876–1881)

[62] House Democratic Leader (1869–1871, alongside William E. Niblack)

[63] Dean of the House (Jan–Apr 1890)

[29] Dean of the House from 1897 to 1900

[30] Dean of the House from 1900 to 1912

[31] Dean of the House from 1912 to 1913

[32] Dean of the House from 1925 to 1928

[35] Senate Republican Leader from 1969 to 1977

[36] Republican until 2009

[secondsenate-39] Second time; previously served non-consecutive term(s) in the Senate

[second-41] Second time

[44] Various positions:
President pro tempore (1869–1873, January 25 – February 17, 1875)

Senate Republican Leader (de facto) (1862–1884)

Dean of the Senate (1875–1884)

[73] President pro tempore (1869–1873, January 25 – February 17, 1875)

[74] Senate Republican Leader (de facto) (1862–1884)

[75] Dean of the Senate (1875–1884)

[55] Pro-Administration from 1789 to 1791, Anti-Administration from 1791 to 1795

[59] Elected as Pro-Administration until 1795

[61] President pro tempore from November to December 1797

[66] Various positions:
President pro tempore (February–December 1810, 1814–1819, 1820–1825)

Dean of the Senate (1815–1826)

[80] President pro tempore (February–December 1810, 1814–1819, 1820–1825)

[81] Dean of the Senate (1815–1826)

[dr-67] Elected as Democratic-Republican until 1825

[68] Speaker of the House from 1814 to 1815

[72] Elected as Jacksonian Democrat from 1825 to 1831

[formervp-74] Former Vice President (ex officio President of the Senate)

[75] Elected as Nullifier until 1837

[76] Elected as Nullifier until 1839

[jr-94] s junior senator

[95] Dean of the Senate from 1940 to 1944

[100] Various positions:
President pro tempore (1981–1987, 1995–2001, 2001)

Dean of the Senate (1989–2003)

President pro tempore emeritus (2001–2003)

[91] President pro tempore (1981–1987, 1995–2001, 2001)

[92] Dean of the Senate (1989–2003)

[93] President pro tempore emeritus (2001–2003)

[mcguire-1] Seniority over Charles D. Carter, James S. Davenport, Scott Ferris, and Elmer L. Fulton due to tenure as delegate to the House of Representatives from Oklahoma Territory

[3] Seniority over Robert L. Owen due to surname coming first alphabetically

[housevacancy-10] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l Representative elected to fill vacancy; seniority calculated from date of special election (if different from date the seat was filled)^[5] Cite error: The named reference "housevacancy" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).

[senatevacancy-13] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h Senator elected to fill intra-term vacancy after ratification of the Seventeenth Amendment; seniority calculated from date the individual assumed office

[past-16] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o Shares seniority date with other officeholder(s); credited as sole dean by past non-consecutive terms in Congress

[lateelection-19] Elected late

[21] Simon Cameron, who would have been the senior senator after William Bigler's election loss, resigned on March 4, 1861, the same day Bigler's term expired, to serve as Secretary of War. This left Cowan as the senior senator despite succeeding Bigler in office.

[senatorlegis-27] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j Senator elected by state legislature intra-term prior to ratification of Seventeenth Amendment; seniority calculated from election date (if different from date the seat was filled)

[appoint-33] Senator appointed to fill intra-term vacancy; seniority calculated from date of appointment

[codeanex-34] Shares seniority date with more than two other Representatives (thus unable to count as co-deans); credited as sole dean due to surname coming first alphabetically

[turnover-42] Preceding elections involved turnover of all sitting incumbents; incoming officeholders share a seniority date with no distinguishing aspects

[turnoverbrownesheffield-43] George H. Browne and William P. Sheffield Sr. shared seniority until March 4, 1863

[turnoverpendleton-45] James M. Pendleton shared seniority with Benjamin T. Eames until March 4, 1879

[turnovero'shaunessy-51] George F. O'Shaunessy shared seniority with George H. Utter until Utter's death on November 3, 1912

[56] Seniority over Ralph Izard due to surname coming first alphabetically

[81] Seniority over Frederick A. Sawyer as Robertson assumed his seat one day before Sawyer

[turnovercivilsc-82] Newly-seated post-Civil War representatives share seniority date of July 18, 1868

[83] All newly-seated members shared seniority until Christopher C. Bowen was elected on July 20, 1868

[seatedlateelection-87] Seated late due to contested election

[91] Served more prior non-consecutive terms (one full, one partial) than Samuel Dibble (one partial)

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