Tithorea harmonia

Tithorea harmonia
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Insecta
Order:	Lepidoptera
Family:	Nymphalidae
Genus:	Tithorea
Species:	T. harmonia
Binomial name
	Tithorea harmonia; (Cramer, 1777)
Synonyms
	Papilio harmonia Cramer, 1777; Tithorea harmonia f. moppa Bryk, 1937; Tithorea harmonia deltana Fox, 1956; Papilio irene Drury, 1782; Tithorea umbratilis Bates, 1866; Heliconia megara Godart, [1819]; Tithorea flavescens Kirby, 1889; Tithorea egaensis Butler, 1873; Tithorea pseudethra Butler, 1873; Tithorea neitha Hopffer, 1874; Tithorea neitha Hopffer, 1879; Tithorea helicaon Godman & Salvin, [1879]; Tithorea hippothous Godman & Salvin, [1879]; Tithorea furea var. salvadoris Staudinger, 1885; Tithorea tyro Doubleday, 1847; Hirsutis pseudonyma mira Neustetter, 1929; Tithorea hermias hermina ab. napona Haensch, 1903; Tithorea assimilis Haensch, 1905;

Tithorea harmonia, the Harmonia tiger-wing or Harmonia tiger,^[2] is a species of butterfly belonging to the family Nymphalidae.

Description

Tithorea harmonia has a wingspan reaching about 70 millimetres (2.8 in). This toxic "tiger" butterfly has the usual pattern of black wings with bright orange bands. The forewings have a black tip. Also the antennae are orange. Larvae feed on Prestonia species.^[3]

Distribution

This widespread species can be found from Mexico to South America.

Subspecies

Listed alphabetically:^[1]

T. h. brunnea Haensch, 1905 (Peru)
T. h. caissara (Zikán, 1941) (Brazil)
T. h. cuparina Bates, 1862 (Brazil)
T. h. dorada Brown, 1977 (Venezuela)
T. h. egaensis Butler, 1873 (Brazil)
T. h. flacilla Godman & Salvin, 1898 (Colombia)
T. h. furia Staudinger, 1884 (Ecuador - Venezuela)
T. h. furina Godman & Salvin, 1898 (Colombia)
T. h. gilberti Brown, 1977 (Peru)
T. h. harmonia (Surinam, Venezuela, French Guiana)
T. h. helicaon Godman & Salvin, 1879 (Nicaragua - Panama, Costa Rica)
T. h. hermias Godman & Salvin, 1898 (Ecuador, Amazon)
T. h. hermina Haensch, 1903 (Ecuador)
T. h. hippothous Godman & Salvin, 1879 (Guatemala)
T. h. irene (Drury, 1782) (Panama)
T. h. lateflava (Haensch, 1909) (Bolivia)
T. h. manabiana Fox, 1956 (Ecuador)
T. h. martina Fox, 1956 (Peru)
T. h. megara (Godart, 1819) (Trinidad)
T. h. melanina Haensch, 1905 (Peru)
T. h. neitha Hopffer, 1874 (Peru)
T. h. pseudethra Butler, 1873 (Brazil)
T. h. pseudonyma Staudinger, 1894 (Bolivia)
T. h. salvadoris Staudinger, 1885 (El Salvador)
T. h. sulphurata (Zikán, 1941) (Brazil)

References

^ ^a ^b "Tithorea Doubleday, [1847]" at Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms
^ Harmonia Tiger, Butterflies of the Amazon
^ Tithorea harmonia, Monteverde Butterflies

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[funet-1] "Tithorea Doubleday, [1847]" at Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms

[2] Harmonia Tiger, Butterflies of the Amazon

[3] Tithorea harmonia, Monteverde Butterflies

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