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Diacritics should be removed from DEFAULTSORT, so that the sort follows in normal English alphabetical order. So "Bevölkerung" becomes "Bevolkerung".
"Der Bevölkerung" is comparable to "El Paso", i.e., the article is an integral part of the title, and should not be moved to the end. For this, cf para 3 of WP:SORTKEY: "leading articles in foreign-language-derived names which are no longer translated in English are not subject to this rule [i.e., the one about shifting articles to the end of a sort]; e.g. the sort key for El Paso should be left as the default value (i.e. no {{DEFAULTSORT}} required)."
My reading of the above is that the correct DEFAULTSORT term is "Der Bevolkerung", i.e., leaving the article at front but removing the diacritic. Ingratis (talk) 22:10, 4 July 2020 (UTC)[reply]