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Prince of Tver

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The Prince of Tver (Russian: Князь тверской) was the ruler of the Principality of Tver. The princes of Tver descended from the first prince, Yaroslav Yaroslavich (r. 1247–1271).[1][2] They are also known as the "Iaroslavichi" or "Yaroslavichi of Tver",[3] or the "Mikhailovichi of Tver".[4] In 1485, Tver was formally annexed by Moscow and became an appanage.

History

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Following the Mongol invasions, Tver became an independent principality in 1247 with Yaroslav Yaroslavich, the son of Yaroslav II of Vladimir, becoming the first prince of Tver.[5][6] During the 14th century, Tver competed with Moscow for dominance until it declined and was finally annexed by Moscow in 1485 under Ivan III.[7][8] Tver was given to his son Ivan the Young as an appanage.[9]

List of princes

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NameLifespanReign startReign endNotesFamilyImage
Yaroslav Yaroslavich
  • Ярослав Ярославич
1230–1272124716 September 1272Son of Yaroslav II of Vladimir.
Grand Prince of Vladimir since 1264
Rurik
Svyatoslav Yaroslavich
  • Святослав Ярославич
?–128512721282/1285Son of Yaroslav YaroslavichRurik
Saint Mikhail I Yaroslavich
  • Михаил Ярославич
1272–131812861318Son of Yaroslav Yaroslavich, younger brother of Svyatoslav.
Grand Prince of Vladimir since 1305.
Executed by Mongols
Rurik
Dmitry Mikhailovich
  • the Fearsome Eyes
  • Дмитрий Михайлович Грозные Очи
1299–132613181326Son of Mikhail I.
Grand Prince of Vladimir since 1322.
Executed by Mongols in response to the murder of Yury of Moscow
Rurik
Alexander I Mikhailovich
  • Александр Михайлович
1301–133913261327Son of Mikhail I, younger brother of Dmitry.
Also Grand Prince of Vladimir.
Forced into exile in Pskov after anti-Mongol uprising in Tver
Rurik
Konstantin Mikhailovich
  • Константин Михайлович
1306–134513271338Son of Mikhail I, younger brother of Dmitry and Alexander IRurik
Alexander I Mikhailovich
  • Александр Михайлович
1301–133913381339Restored.
Executed by Mongols
Rurik
Konstantin Mikhailovich
  • Константин Михайлович
1306–134513391345RestoredRurik
Vsevolod Alexandrovich
  • Всеволод Александрович
~1328–136413461349Son of Alexander I.
Prince of Kholm
Abdicated
Rurik
Vasily Mikhailovich
  • Василий Михайлович
~1304–136813491368Son of Mikhail I, younger brother of Dmitry, Alexander I and Konstantin
Prince of Kashin
Rurik
Mikhail II Alexandrovich
  • Михаил Александрович
1333–139913681399Son of Alexander I
Grand Prince since 1382
Rurik
Ivan Mikhailovich
  • Иван Михайлович
1357–142513991425Son of Mikhail II
Died of plague
Rurik
Alexander II Ivanovich
  • Александр Иванович
~1379–142522 May 142525 October 1425Son of Ivan
Died of plague
Rurik
Yuri Alexandrovich
  • Юрий Александрович
~1400–142525 October 142526 November 1425Son of Alexander II
Died of plague
Rurik
Boris Alexandrovich
  • Борис Александрович
~1399–146126 November 142510 February 1461Son of Alexander II, younger brother of YuriRurik
Mikhail III Borisovich
  • Михаил Борисович
1453–150514611485Son of Boris
Forced into exile after brief war with Ivan III of Moscow whose goal was to reunite Russian principalities under a single authority.
Rurik

In 1485, Ivan III conquered Tver, and until 1490, his son Ivan the Young governed the duchy.

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Isoaho 2006, p. 215.
  2. ^ Fennell 2022, p. 225.
  3. ^ Raffensperger & Ostrowski 2023, pp. 9, 145.
  4. ^ Raffensperger & Ostrowski 2023, p. 40.
  5. ^ Fennell, John (13 October 2014). The Crisis of Medieval Russia 1200-1304. Routledge. p. 127. ISBN 978-1-317-87314-3.
  6. ^ Langer, Lawrence N. (15 September 2021). Historical Dictionary of Medieval Russia. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 222. ISBN 978-1-5381-1942-6.
  7. ^ Figes, Orlando (2022). The Story of Russia. Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 43. ISBN 978-1526631749.
  8. ^ Feldbrugge, Ferdinand J. M. (20 October 2017). A History of Russian Law: From Ancient Times to the Council Code (Ulozhenie) of Tsar Aleksei Mikhailovich of 1649. BRILL. p. 485. ISBN 978-90-04-35214-8.
  9. ^ Bushkovitch, Paul (18 March 2021). Succession to the Throne in Early Modern Russia: The Transfer of Power 1450–1725. Cambridge University Press. p. 53. ISBN 978-1-108-47934-9.

Bibliography

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