Paul Demetrius von Kotzebue
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Paul Demetrius von Kotzebue | |
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![]() General Paul Demetrius Von Kotzebue. | |
Born | Berlin, Kingdom of Prussia, Holy Roman Empire | 10 August 1801
Died | 19 April 1884 Reval, Governorate of Estonia, Russian Empire (now Tallinn, Estonia) | (aged 82)
Allegiance | ![]() |
Service/ | ![]() |
Years of service | 1819–1884 |
Rank | ![]() |
Battles/wars | Caucasian Wars Russo-Persian War (1826–1828) Russo-Turkish War (1828–1829) November Uprising Crimean War |
Paul Demetrius Graf[1] von Kotzebue (Russian: Па́вел Евста́фьевич Коцебу́, tr. Pavel Evstaf'evich Kotsebu; 10 August 1801 – 19 April 1884) was a Baltic German statesman and general who was in the service of the Russian Empire. One of 18 children of the famous German dramatist August von Kotzebue, P. D. Kotzebue was most notable for his military career, especially during the Crimean War as he gained a reputation as a capable and orderly commander. However, Kotzebue was criticised by Russian historians for being highly Germanophile and had an certain level of condescension toward the Russians since he was German.
In additions to his achievements, he was elevated to count in 1874. He was Governor-General of Novorossiysk-Bessarabia and commander of the Odessa Military District from 1862 to 1874, and also Governor-General of Warsaw and commander of the Warsaw Military District from 1874 to 1880.
That Germans like Kotzebue should hold the highest position in Russian Poland was not strange: "Germans in Russia were noted for traditional German orderliness, discipline, frugality, and calculation. Germans in high government positions were noted for their efficiency and incorruptibility – both characteristics in sharp contrast with Russian officials."[2]
References
[edit]- ^ Regarding personal names: Until 1919, Graf was a title, translated as Count, not a first or middle name. The female form is Gräfin. In Germany, it has formed part of family names since 1919.
- ^ Sowell, Thomas (1996). Migrations and cultures: a world view by Thomas Sowell (Basic Books, 1996). Basic Books. ISBN 9780465045891.
- 1801 births
- 1884 deaths
- Military personnel from Berlin
- Baltic-German people from the Russian Empire
- Imperial Russian Army generals
- Russian military personnel of the Crimean War
- Members of the State Council (Russian Empire)
- Namestniks of the Kingdom of Poland
- Recipients of the Order of St. George of the Third Degree
- Governors-general of Novorossiya
- Emigrants from the Kingdom of Prussia
- Immigrants to the Russian Empire
- Russian politician stubs