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October 1944

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Map of the world, depicting the state of territorial control between the warring parties of World War 2 during October 1944.
World War 2 in October 1944

The following events occurred in October 1944:

October 1, 1944 (Sunday)

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  • The Battle of Tornio began between German and Finnish forces.
  • Operation Undergo ended in Allied victory.
  • Putten raid happened from October 1st to 2nd 660 men were taken away after a failed attack on a German official in November 1944
  • After a four-day battle, the U.S. Fifth Army captured Monte Battaglia on the Gothic Line in Italy, helped by the Italian partisans.[1] The II and the IV Corp of the Army launch an offensive towards Bologna, that will end in a month with heavy losses and a limited gain of ground.
  • Richard McCreery replaced Oliver Leese as Commander-in-Chief of the Eighth Army.
  • The St. Louis Browns won the American League pennant on the final day of the season by beating the New York Yankees 5-2. The Browns, who had never won a pennant in franchise history and would not win another as a St. Louis team, were helped immensely by the wartime roster depletion across baseball that happened to affect them less than the other ballclubs. The average major league team had ten 4-F players on its roster, but the Browns had eighteen.[2][3]
  • Died: Rudolf Schmundt, 48, German Army officer (died of wounds sustained in the 20 July bomb plot)

October 2, 1944 (Monday)

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October 3, 1944 (Tuesday)

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October 4, 1944 (Wednesday)

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October 5, 1944 (Thursday)

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October 6, 1944 (Friday)

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October 7, 1944 (Saturday)

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October 8, 1944 (Sunday)

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October 9, 1944 (Monday)

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October 10, 1944 (Tuesday)

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October 11, 1944 (Wednesday)

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October 12, 1944 (Thursday)

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October 13, 1944 (Friday)

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October 14, 1944 (Saturday)

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  • German forces withdrew from Niš.[32]
  • In Italy, the American Fifth Army had some success on the Apennine front; a South African division entered Grizzana, and the German Army left Livergnano. In Romagna, the Polish II Corps went into action.[33]
  • The German and Fascist troops reconquered Domodossola, which for forty days had been the capital of an independent republic, ruled by the partisans and the antifascist parties.[34]
  • The Canadian frigate Magog was torpedoed and damaged in the Gulf of Saint Lawrence by German submarine U-1223 and rendered a constructive total loss.
  • "I'll Walk Alone" by Dinah Shore hit #1 on the Billboard singles charts.
  • Born: Udo Kier, actor, in Cologne, Germany
  • Died: Erwin Rommel, 52, German field marshal (allowed to commit suicide by the Nazis rather than face trial and reprisals against his family for his knowledge of the July Bomb Plot)

October 15, 1944 (Sunday)

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October 16, 1944 (Monday)

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October 17, 1944 (Tuesday)

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  • The Battle of Leyte began when American forces and Filipino guerrillas under the command of General Douglas MacArthur launched an amphibious invasion of the Gulf of Leyte in the Philippines.
  • Rival partisans in Athens began fighting each other.[10]
  • Contact was lost with the USS Escolar. The American submarine was probably lost to a mine in the Yellow Sea.
  • Died: Pavel Haas, 45, Czech composer (murdered at Auschwitz concentration camp); Hans Krása, 44, Czech composer (murdered at Auschwitz)

October 18, 1944 (Wednesday)

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October 19, 1944 (Thursday)

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October 20, 1944 (Friday)

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October 21, 1944 (Saturday)

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  • The Battle of Aachen ended in American victory when the last German garrison in Aachen surrendered.
  • Axis forces established the Syrmian Front, a line of defense on the Eastern Front northwest of Belgrade.
  • Red Army soldiers carried out the Nemmersdorf massacre in East Prussia.
  • Despite heavy rain, U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt rode in an open car through 51 miles (82 km) of New York City streets on his way to make a speech at Ebbets Field in Brooklyn. With a little over two weeks left to go in the presidential election campaign, Roosevelt's ride through the city in the pouring rain without any proper covering was an attempt to show that he was still healthy.[44]

October 22, 1944 (Sunday)

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October 23, 1944 (Monday)

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October 24, 1944 (Tuesday)

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October 25, 1944 (Wednesday)

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October 26, 1944 (Thursday)

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October 27, 1944 (Friday)

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October 28, 1944 (Saturday)

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October 29, 1944 (Sunday)

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October 30, 1944 (Monday)

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October 31, 1944 (Tuesday)

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References

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  1. ^ a b c Chen, C. Peter. "Gothic Line Offensive". World War II Database. Retrieved March 1, 2016.
  2. ^ "St. Louis Browns 5, New York Yankees 2". Retrosheet. Retrieved March 1, 2016.
  3. ^ "1944: Meet Us in St. Louis". This Great Game. Retrieved March 1, 2016.
  4. ^ "War Diary for Tuesday, 3 October 1944". Stone & Stone Second World War Books. Retrieved March 1, 2016.
  5. ^ "Donne e Uomini della Resistenza: Ugo Ricci" [Women and Men of the Resistance: Ugo Ricci]. ANPI (in Italian). Retrieved 2018-09-15.
  6. ^ a b c d e f g h "1944". MusicAndHistory. Retrieved March 1, 2016.[permanent dead link]
  7. ^ "War Diary for Friday, 1 September 1944". Stone & Stone Second World War Books. Retrieved March 1, 2016.
  8. ^ "Ross Milne". Olympedia. OlyMADMen. Retrieved February 5, 2022.
  9. ^ a b "Chronology 1944". indiana.edu. 2002. Retrieved March 1, 2016.
  10. ^ a b c d Mercer, Derrik, ed. (1989). Chronicle of the 20th Century. London: Chronicle Communications Ltd. p. 611. ISBN 978-0-582-03919-3.
  11. ^ "Le notizie del 5 ottobre 1944" [The news of 5 October 1944]. www.cinquantamila.it (in Italian). Retrieved 2018-09-15.
  12. ^ Marzabotto, Eccidio. "Eccidiomarzabotto.com - Sito della strage di Marzabotto". www.eccidiomarzabotto.com. Retrieved 2018-09-15.
  13. ^ Nijboer, Donald (2010). No 126 Wing RCAF. Osprey Publishing. p. 52. ISBN 978-1-84603-483-1.
  14. ^ "Le notizie del 7 ottobre 1944" [The news of 7 October 1944]. www.cinquantamila.it (in Italian). Retrieved 2018-09-15.
  15. ^ "Tehumardi Night Battle Monument". Lonely Planet. Retrieved March 1, 2016.
  16. ^ "The Battle of the Scheldt, Chapter XVI". ibiblio. Retrieved March 1, 2016.
  17. ^ "Midget Submarines Based at Okinawa and the Ryukyu Islands 1944–1945". Imperial Japanese Navy Page. Retrieved March 1, 2016.
  18. ^ "Eight hundred children are gassed to death at Auschwitz". History. A&E Networks. Retrieved March 1, 2016.
  19. ^ "Was war am 10. Oktober 1944". chroniknet. Retrieved March 1, 2016.
  20. ^ "Scarsi risultati nell'offensiva contro Bologna" [Poor results in the offensive against Bologna] (in Italian). Retrieved 2018-09-15.
  21. ^ "Langhe e Alto Monferrato". ANPI (in Italian). Retrieved 2018-09-15.
  22. ^ Overy, Richard (2010). War in the Pacific. Osprey Publishing. p. 40. ISBN 978-1-84908-394-2.
  23. ^ "War Diary for Wednesday, 11 October 1944". Stone & Stone Second World War Books. Retrieved March 1, 2016.
  24. ^ "Le notizie del 11 ottobre 1944" [The news of 11 October 1944]. www.cinquantamila.it (in Italian). Retrieved 2018-09-15.
  25. ^ "Le notizie del 12 ottobre 1944" [The news of 12 October 1944]. www.cinquantamila.it (in Italian). Retrieved 2018-09-15.
  26. ^ "Today in Canadian History: October 12". CanadaChannel.ca. Retrieved March 1, 2016.[permanent dead link]
  27. ^ Davidson, Edward; Manning, Dale (1999). Chronology of World War Two. London: Cassell & Co. p. 218. ISBN 0-304-35309-4.
  28. ^ Ahto (1980) pp. 220–221
  29. ^ See Lothar Rendulic, Gekämpft, gesiegt, geschlagen, Welsermühl, Wels-Heidelerg, 1952, p. 306; J.H. Palokangas, "Kohtalokkailla Retkillä", in the military journal "Kansa Taisteli", Helsinki, 1965.
  30. ^ "1944". War Diary of the 1st Battalion The Black Watch.
  31. ^ "Black Friday". Liberation Route Europe.
  32. ^ "War Diary for Saturday, 14 October 1944". Stone & Stone Second World War Books. Retrieved March 1, 2016.
  33. ^ "Le notizie del 14 ottobre 1944" [The news of 14 October 1944]. www.cinquantamila.it (in Italian). Retrieved 2018-09-16.
  34. ^ "La Val d'Ossola - 1944 - Le Repubbliche Partigiane". 1944 - Le Repubbliche Partigiane (in Italian). 2014-03-23. Retrieved 2018-09-16.
  35. ^ a b Lindeman, Yehudi (2007). Shards of Memory: Narratives of Holocaust Survival. Westport, CT: Praeger Publishers. p. 206. ISBN 978-0-275-99423-5.
  36. ^ "War Diary for Sunday, 15 October 1944". Stone & Stone Second World War Books. Retrieved March 1, 2016.
  37. ^ "Le notizie del 15 ottobre 1944". www.cinquantamila.it (in Italian). Retrieved 2018-09-16.
  38. ^ DeRouen, Karl R.; Heo, Uk, eds. (2007). Civil Wars of the World: Major Conflicts Since World War II, Volume 1. Oxford: ABC-CLIO. p. 370. ISBN 978-1-85109-919-1.
  39. ^ "War Diary for Wednesday, 18 October 1944". Stone & Stone Second World War Books. Retrieved March 1, 2016.
  40. ^ Butler, Daniel Allen (2015). Field Marshal: The Life and Death of Erwin Rommel. Havertown, PA: Casemate Publishers. p. 567. ISBN 978-1-61200-297-2.
  41. ^ Mitcham, Samuel W. (1997). The Desert Fox in Normandy: Rommel's Defense of Fortress Europe. Praeger. p. 198. ISBN 978-0-275-95484-0.
  42. ^ "War Diary for Thursday, 19 October 1944". Stone & Stone Second World War Books. Retrieved March 1, 2016.
  43. ^ "General MacArthur 'I Have Returned' to the Philippines". World War II Today. Retrieved March 1, 2016.
  44. ^ "Presidents Don't Use Rain Delays". Brooklyn Public Library. February 25, 2011. Retrieved March 1, 2016.
  45. ^ "Conflict Timeline, October 14-23 1944". OnWar.com. Retrieved March 1, 2016.
  46. ^ "The Holocaust: The French Vichy Regime". Jewish Virtual Library. Retrieved March 1, 2016.
  47. ^ Gordon, Bill. "47 Ships Sunk by Kamikaze Aircraft". Kamikaze Images. Retrieved March 1, 2016.
  48. ^ "War Diary for Wednesday, 25 October 1944". Stone & Stone Second World War Books. Retrieved March 1, 2016.
  49. ^ Sweet Home Cook County (PDF). Cook County Clerk. pp. 6–7. Archived from the original (PDF) on 28 May 2016. Retrieved 31 May 2023.
  50. ^ a b c "War Diary for Monday, 30 October 1944". Stone & Stone Second World War Books. Retrieved March 1, 2016.
  51. ^ "War Diary for Tuesday, 31 October 1944". Stone & Stone Second World War Books. Retrieved March 1, 2016.
  52. ^ Wilson, Colin (2006). The Murder Casebook. Barnes & Noble. p. 163. ISBN 978-0-7607-7465-6.