List of 1984 Winter Olympics medal winners
![A woman wearing a hooded unitard speed-skates along an ice track.](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-1983-1125-024%2C_Karin_Enke.jpg/220px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-1983-1125-024%2C_Karin_Enke.jpg)
The 1984 Winter Olympics – officially known by the International Olympic Committee as the XIV Olympic Winter Games – were a winter multi-sport event held between 8 and 19 February 1984 in Sarajevo, Yugoslavia (currently Bosnia and Herzegovina). A total of 1,272 athletes, representing a record 49 National Olympic Committees (NOCs), competed in 39 events across 10 disciplines of 6 sports.[1] The official program was the same as that of the 1980 Winter Olympics, with the addition of a 20-kilometer event in women's cross-country skiing.[1] Disabled skiing was featured for the first time as an Olympic demonstration sport.[2]
The 117 Olympic medals in dispute at these Games were awarded to athletes from 17 NOCs. The athletes from the Soviet Union collected 25 medals and secured their NOC a top spot in the overall medal count, ahead of East Germany (24 medals) and Finland (13 medals). East Germany, however, topped the gold medal count with nine medals, three more than those won by Soviet athletes. Finland, the United States and Sweden followed with four gold medals each.[3] The host delegation won the nation's first medal at the Winter Olympics, through alpine skier Jure Franko's silver in the men's giant slalom event.[4]
American skier Phil Mahre, runner-up in 1980, won the slalom event and saw his twin brother Steve secure the silver medal.[5] In biathlon, Eirik Kvalfoss of Norway and Peter Angerer of West Germany won six medals between them, each securing a complete set.[6] The Nordic countries displayed their strength in the cross-country skiing competition: from the 24 medals in dispute, 17 were won by athletes from Finland (8), Sweden (5), and Norway (4). Finnish skier Marja-Liisa Hämäläinen won four medals, including a gold medal sweep in the three individual cross-country distances, becoming the most successful athlete at these Games.[7] In the men's section, Gunde Svan of Sweden also won four medals, though one less gold than Hämäläinen.[8] Katarina Witt, a young figure skater from East Germany, narrowly defeated the reigning World champion, Rosalynn Sumners of the United States, to collect the first of two successive Olympic gold medals.[9] The British ice dancing pair, Torvill and Dean, took the gold medal after giving performances that earned them not only the first-ever perfect scores (6.0) in Olympic ice dancing compulsories,[10] but also a complete set of perfect artistic impression scores in the free program.[11]
The Soviet Union dominated the ice hockey competition, winning every match to take their sixth Olympic gold in eight Winter Games.[3] East German sledders fully demonstrated their prowess at the Trebević track. Wolfgang Hoppe and Dietmar Schauerhammer clinched gold in both bobsleigh events, while Bernhard Lehmann and Bogdan Musioł secured both silvers.[12] Led by Steffi Martin, who won the first of her two back-to-back Olympic titles, East German lugers swept the women's singles medals. This show of strength was also observed in the women's speed skating, where East German athletes grabbed nine of the twelve medals in dispute. Four of these were won by Karin Enke (matching the total tallies of Hämäläinen and Svan),[13] and three by Andrea Schöne – in direct competition with Enke. Speed skater Gaétan Boucher won three of Canada's four medals in Sarajevo, including two golds.[14]
Alpine skiing
[edit]Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
---|---|---|---|
Men's downhill[15] |
Bill Johnson![]() |
Peter Müller![]() |
Anton Steiner![]() |
Men's slalom[16] |
Phil Mahre![]() |
Steve Mahre![]() |
Didier Bouvet![]() |
Men's giant slalom[17] |
Max Julen![]() |
Jure Franko![]() |
Andreas Wenzel![]() |
Women's downhill[18] |
Michela Figini![]() |
Maria Walliser![]() |
Olga Charvátová![]() |
Women's slalom[19] |
Paoletta Magoni![]() |
Perrine Pelen![]() |
Ursula Konzett![]() |
Women's giant slalom[20] |
Debbie Armstrong![]() |
Christin Cooper![]() |
Perrine Pelen![]() |
Biathlon
[edit]![A man skies on a snow-covered course. He wears a white vest on top of a blue unitard, a white winter cap, and red ski boots. On his back, he carries a rifle.](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Eirik_Kvalfoss_1986.jpg/170px-Eirik_Kvalfoss_1986.jpg)
Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
---|---|---|---|
Men's 10 km[21] |
Eirik Kvalfoss![]() |
Peter Angerer![]() |
Matthias Jacob![]() |
Men's 20 km[22] |
Peter Angerer![]() |
Frank-Peter Roetsch![]() |
Eirik Kvalfoss![]() |
Men's 4 × 7.5 km[23] |
![]() Dmitry Vasilyev Juri Kashkarov Algimantas Šalna Sergei Bulygin |
![]() Odd Lirhus Eirik Kvalfoss Rolf Storsveen Kjell Søbak |
![]() Ernst Reiter Walter Pichler Peter Angerer Fritz Fischer |
Bobsleigh
[edit]![Four men in winter tracksuits stand at the side of a bobsled. They are outdoors, at a snow-covered hill top, with many people behind them.](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-1987-0322-006%2C_Wolfgang_Hoppe%2C_Bogdan_Musiol%2C_Ingo_Voge%2C_Dietmar_Schauerhammer.jpg/220px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-1987-0322-006%2C_Wolfgang_Hoppe%2C_Bogdan_Musiol%2C_Ingo_Voge%2C_Dietmar_Schauerhammer.jpg)
Cross-country skiing
[edit]Figure skating
[edit]![A female figure skater holds up her right leg with her right hand.](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-1987-0402-037%2C_Katarina_Witt.jpg/170px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-1987-0402-037%2C_Katarina_Witt.jpg)
Ice hockey
[edit]Luge
[edit]![Three men and a woman are lined up side-by-side wearing winter caps and identical winter jackets. They are outdoors and snow is falling.](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-1983-0327-005%2C_Wilfried_Vogel%2C_Steffi_Martin%2C_J%C3%B6rg_Hoffmann%2C_Jochen_Pietzsch.jpg/220px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-1983-0327-005%2C_Wilfried_Vogel%2C_Steffi_Martin%2C_J%C3%B6rg_Hoffmann%2C_Jochen_Pietzsch.jpg)
Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
---|---|---|---|
Men's singles[39] |
Paul Hildgartner![]() |
Sergey Danilin![]() |
Valery Dudin![]() |
Doubles[40] |
![]() Hans Stangassinger Franz Wembacher |
![]() Yevgeny Belousov Aleksandr Belyakov |
![]() Jörg Hoffmann Jochen Pietzsch |
Women's singles[41] |
Steffi Martin![]() |
Bettina Schmidt![]() |
Ute Weiss![]() |
Nordic combined
[edit]Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
---|---|---|---|
Men's individual[42] |
Tom Sandberg![]() |
Jouko Karjalainen![]() |
Jukka Ylipulli![]() |
Ski jumping
[edit]![A man is shown with a white vest bearing the word Germany and a number printed in black on top of a ski jumping suit. He also wears a ski helmet with attached goggles and holds his skis upright over his left shoulder.](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-1989-0131-038%2C_Jens_Wei%C3%9Fflog_bei_DDR-Skimeisterschaften.jpg/170px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-1989-0131-038%2C_Jens_Wei%C3%9Fflog_bei_DDR-Skimeisterschaften.jpg)
Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
---|---|---|---|
Men's normal hill[43] |
Jens Weißflog![]() |
Matti Nykänen![]() |
Jari Puikkonen![]() |
Men's large hill[44] |
Matti Nykänen![]() |
Jens Weißflog![]() |
Pavel Ploc![]() |
Speed skating
[edit]Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
---|---|---|---|
Men's 500 metres[45] |
Sergey Fokichev![]() |
Yoshihiro Kitazawa![]() |
Gaétan Boucher![]() |
Men's 1,000 metres[46] |
Gaétan Boucher![]() |
Sergey Khlebnikov![]() |
Kai Arne Engelstad![]() |
Men's 1,500 metres[47] |
Gaétan Boucher![]() |
Sergey Khlebnikov![]() |
Oleg Bozhev![]() |
Men's 5,000 metres[48] |
Tomas Gustafson![]() |
Igor Malkov![]() |
René Schöfisch![]() |
Men's 10,000 metres[49] |
Igor Malkov![]() |
Tomas Gustafson![]() |
René Schöfisch![]() |
Women's 500 metres[50] |
Christa Rothenburger![]() |
Karin Enke![]() |
Natalya Glebova![]() |
Women's 1,000 metres[51] |
Karin Enke![]() |
Andrea Schöne![]() |
Natalya Petrusyova![]() |
Women's 1,500 metres[52] |
Karin Enke![]() |
Andrea Schöne![]() |
Natalya Petrusyova![]() |
Women's 3,000 metres[53] |
Andrea Schöne![]() |
Karin Enke![]() |
Gabi Schönbrunn![]() |
Medal leaders
[edit]![Four women wearing tracksuits and speed skates are sitting on a bench. Three of them are smiling, and among these, two are tying up their skates while a third one is clapping her hands.](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-1988-1126-017%2C_Andrea_Ehrig%2C_Gabi_Zange%2C_Karin_Kania%2C_Sabine_Brehm.jpg/220px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-1988-1126-017%2C_Andrea_Ehrig%2C_Gabi_Zange%2C_Karin_Kania%2C_Sabine_Brehm.jpg)
Athletes that won at least two gold medals or at least three total medals are listed below.
Athlete | Nation | Sport | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Marja-Liisa Hämäläinen | ![]() |
Cross-country skiing | 3 | 0 | 1 | 4 |
Karin Enke | ![]() |
Speed skating | 2 | 2 | 0 | 4 |
Gunde Svan | ![]() |
Cross-country skiing | 2 | 1 | 1 | 4 |
Gaétan Boucher | ![]() |
Speed skating | 2 | 0 | 1 | 3 |
Andrea Schöne | ![]() |
Speed skating | 1 | 2 | 0 | 3 |
Peter Angerer | ![]() |
Biathlon | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 |
Eirik Kvalfoss | ![]() |
Biathlon | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 |
Aki Karvonen | ![]() |
Cross-country skiing | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
Wolfgang Hoppe | ![]() |
Bobsleigh | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
Dietmar Schauerhammer | ![]() |
Bobsleigh | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
Thomas Wassberg | ![]() |
Cross-country skiing | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ a b "Sarajevo 1984 Winter Olympics". Olympic.org. International Olympic Committee. Archived from the original on 18 May 2016. Retrieved 14 August 2011.
- ^ "Honours List for the XIVth Olympic Winter Games" (PDF). Olympic Review (197). Lausanne: International Olympic Committee: 131. March 1984. Archived (PDF) from the original on 26 August 2016. Retrieved 14 August 2011.
- ^ a b Kubatko, Justin. "1984 Sarajevo Winter Games". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 17 April 2020. Retrieved 14 August 2011.
- ^ Callahan, Tom (28 February 1984). "Sport: Something to Shout About". Time. Time Inc. Archived from the original on 29 October 2010. Retrieved 15 August 2011.
- ^ Madigan, Mike (20 February 1984). "Mahre twins finish on top". The Lewiston Daily Sun. Lewiston, Maine. p. 15. Archived from the original on 17 May 2017. Retrieved 14 August 2011.
- ^ Kubatko, Justin. "Biathlon at the 1984 Sarajevo Winter Games". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 17 April 2020. Retrieved 15 August 2011.
- ^ Clark, Mike (19 February 1984). "Finnish skier wins her 3rd gold medal". Anchorage Daily News. Anchorage. Associated Press. p. c–7. Retrieved 16 August 2011.[permanent dead link]
- ^ Kubatko, Justin. "Gunde Svan Biography and Olympic Results". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 17 April 2020. Retrieved 16 August 2011.
- ^ Taylor, Terry (19 February 1984). "Sumners gets a 6.0; Witt gets gold medal". The Sunday Union. Junction City, Kansas. Associated Press. p. 13. Archived from the original on 17 May 2017. Retrieved 16 August 2011.
- ^ Taylor, Terry (11 February 1984). "Skaters Torvill, Dean draw perfect scores". Schenectady Gazette. Schenectady, New York. p. 27. Archived from the original on 17 May 2017. Retrieved 16 August 2011.
- ^ Leavy, Jane (15 February 1984). "Torvill-Dean win; Hamilton slips slightly". The Washington Post. Washington, D.C. p. G1. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 16 August 2011.
- ^ Kubatko, Justin. "East Germany Bobsleigh at the 1984 Sarajevo Winter Games". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 17 April 2020. Retrieved 15 August 2011.
- ^ "Enke wins fourth skating medal". Ottawa Citizen. Ottawa. Associated Press. 15 February 1984. Archived from the original on 17 May 2017. Retrieved 16 August 2011.
- ^ "1984 Sarajevo – List of Canadian medalists". Olympic.ca. Canadian Olympic Committee. Archived from the original on 29 September 2011. Retrieved 16 August 2011.
- ^ Kubatko, Justin. "Alpine Skiing at the 1984 Sarajevo Winter Games: Men's Downhill". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 17 April 2020. Retrieved 12 August 2011.
- ^ Kubatko, Justin. "Alpine Skiing at the 1984 Sarajevo Winter Games: Men's Slalom". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 18 April 2020. Retrieved 12 August 2011.
- ^ Kubatko, Justin. "Alpine Skiing at the 1984 Sarajevo Winter Games: Men's Giant Slalom". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 17 April 2020. Retrieved 12 August 2011.
- ^ Kubatko, Justin. "Alpine Skiing at the 1984 Sarajevo Winter Games: Women's Downhill". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 17 April 2020. Retrieved 12 August 2011.
- ^ Kubatko, Justin. "Alpine Skiing at the 1984 Sarajevo Winter Games: Women's Slalom". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 17 April 2020. Retrieved 12 August 2011.
- ^ Kubatko, Justin. "Alpine Skiing at the 1984 Sarajevo Winter Games: Women's Giant Slalom". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 17 April 2020. Retrieved 12 August 2011.
- ^ Kubatko, Justin. "Biathlon at the 1984 Sarajevo Winter Games: Men's 10 kilometres Sprint". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 17 April 2020. Retrieved 12 August 2011.
- ^ Kubatko, Justin. "Biathlon at the 1984 Sarajevo Winter Games: Men's 20 kilometres". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 17 April 2020. Retrieved 12 August 2011.
- ^ Kubatko, Justin. "Biathlon at the 1984 Sarajevo Winter Games: Men's 4 x 7.5 kilometres Relay". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 17 April 2020. Retrieved 12 August 2011.
- ^ Kubatko, Justin. "Bobsleigh at the 1984 Sarajevo Winter Games: Men's Two". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 17 April 2020. Retrieved 12 August 2011.
- ^ Kubatko, Justin. "Bobsleigh at the 1984 Sarajevo Winter Games: Men's Four". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 17 April 2020. Retrieved 12 August 2011.
- ^ Kubatko, Justin. "Cross Country Skiing at the 1984 Sarajevo Winter Games: Men's 15 kilometres". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 17 April 2020. Retrieved 12 August 2011.
- ^ Kubatko, Justin. "Cross Country Skiing at the 1984 Sarajevo Winter Games: Men's 30 kilometres". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 17 April 2020. Retrieved 12 August 2011.
- ^ Kubatko, Justin. "Cross Country Skiing at the 1984 Sarajevo Winter Games: Men's 50 kilometres". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 17 April 2020. Retrieved 12 August 2011.
- ^ Kubatko, Justin. "Cross Country Skiing at the 1984 Sarajevo Winter Games: Men's 4 x 10 kilometres Relay". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 17 April 2020. Retrieved 12 August 2011.
- ^ Kubatko, Justin. "Cross Country Skiing at the 1984 Sarajevo Winter Games: Women's 5 kilometres". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 17 April 2020. Retrieved 12 August 2011.
- ^ Kubatko, Justin. "Cross Country Skiing at the 1984 Sarajevo Winter Games: Women's 10 kilometres". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 17 April 2020. Retrieved 12 August 2011.
- ^ Kubatko, Justin. "Cross Country Skiing at the 1984 Sarajevo Winter Games: Women's 20 kilometres". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 17 April 2020. Retrieved 12 August 2011.
- ^ Kubatko, Justin. "Cross Country Skiing at the 1984 Sarajevo Winter Games: Women's 4 x 5 kilometres Relay". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 17 April 2020. Retrieved 13 August 2011.
- ^ Kubatko, Justin. "Figure Skating at the 1984 Sarajevo Winter Games: Men's Singles". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 18 April 2020. Retrieved 13 August 2011.
- ^ Kubatko, Justin. "Figure Skating at the 1984 Sarajevo Winter Games: Women's Singles". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 18 April 2020. Retrieved 13 August 2011.
- ^ Kubatko, Justin. "Figure Skating at the 1984 Sarajevo Winter Games: Mixed Pairs". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 18 April 2020. Retrieved 13 August 2011.
- ^ Kubatko, Justin. "Figure Skating at the 1984 Sarajevo Winter Games: Mixed Ice Dancing". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 17 April 2020. Retrieved 13 August 2011.
- ^ Kubatko, Justin. "Ice Hockey at the 1984 Sarajevo Winter Games: Men's Ice Hockey". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 17 April 2020. Retrieved 13 August 2011.
- ^ Kubatko, Justin. "Luge at the 1984 Sarajevo Winter Games: Men's Singles". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 18 April 2020. Retrieved 13 August 2011.
- ^ Kubatko, Justin. "Luge at the 1984 Sarajevo Winter Games: Mixed (Men)'s Doubles". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 18 April 2020. Retrieved 13 August 2011.
- ^ Kubatko, Justin. "Luge at the 1984 Sarajevo Winter Games: Women's Singles". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 18 April 2020. Retrieved 13 August 2011.
- ^ Kubatko, Justin. "Nordic Combined at the 1984 Sarajevo Winter Games: Men's Individual". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 17 April 2020. Retrieved 13 August 2011.
- ^ Kubatko, Justin. "Ski Jumping at the 1984 Sarajevo Winter Games: Men's Normal Hill, Individual". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 17 April 2020. Retrieved 13 August 2011.
- ^ Kubatko, Justin. "Ski Jumping at the 1984 Sarajevo Winter Games: Men's Large Hill, Individual". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 17 April 2020. Retrieved 13 August 2011.
- ^ Kubatko, Justin. "Speed Skating at the 1984 Sarajevo Winter Games: Men's 500 metres". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 17 April 2020. Retrieved 13 August 2011.
- ^ Kubatko, Justin. "Speed Skating at the 1984 Sarajevo Winter Games: Men's 1,000 metres". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 17 April 2020. Retrieved 13 August 2011.
- ^ Kubatko, Justin. "Speed Skating at the 1984 Sarajevo Winter Games: Men's 1,500 metres". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 17 April 2020. Retrieved 13 August 2011.
- ^ Kubatko, Justin. "Speed Skating at the 1984 Sarajevo Winter Games: Men's 5,000 metres". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 17 April 2020. Retrieved 13 August 2011.
- ^ Kubatko, Justin. "Speed Skating at the 1984 Sarajevo Winter Games: Men's 10,000 metres". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 17 April 2020. Retrieved 13 August 2011.
- ^ Kubatko, Justin. "Speed Skating at the 1984 Sarajevo Winter Games: Women's 500 metres". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 17 April 2020. Retrieved 13 August 2011.
- ^ Kubatko, Justin. "Speed Skating at the 1984 Sarajevo Winter Games: Women's 1,000 metres". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 17 April 2020. Retrieved 13 August 2011.
- ^ Kubatko, Justin. "Speed Skating at the 1984 Sarajevo Winter Games: Women's 1,500 metres". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 17 April 2020. Retrieved 13 August 2011.
- ^ Kubatko, Justin. "Speed Skating at the 1984 Sarajevo Winter Games: Women's 3,000 metres". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 17 April 2020. Retrieved 13 August 2011.
External links
[edit]- "Sarajevo 1984". Olympics.com. International Olympic Committee.
- "The Official Report of the Organising Committee of the XIVth Winter Olympic Games 1984 at Sarajevo" (PDF) (in English, French, and Bosnian). Sarajevo: Organising Committee of the XIVth Winter Olympic Games 1984 at Sarajevo. 1984. Archived from the original (PDF) on 26 November 2011.