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Horten

Coordinates: 59°25′15″N 10°25′58″E / 59.42083°N 10.43278°E / 59.42083; 10.43278
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(Redirected from Horten Municipality)
This article is about the municipality in Vestfold, Norway. For the town, see Horten (town). For other uses, see Horten (disambiguation).
Horten Municipality
Horten kommune
Municipality
Borre kommune  (historic name)
Flag of Horten Municipality
Flag
Coat of arms of Horten Municipality
Coat of arms
Vestfold within Norway
Vestfold within Norway
Horten within Vestfold
Horten within Vestfold
Coordinates: 59°25′15″N 10°25′58″E / 59.42083°N 10.43278°E / 59.42083; 10.43278
CountryNorway
CountyVestfold
DistrictJarlsberg
Established1 Jan 1858
 • Preceded byBorre Municipality
Administrative centreHorten
Government
 • Mayor (2023)Christina Maria Bratli (Ap)
Area
 • Total
70.96 km2 (27.40 sq mi)
 • Land69.11 km2 (26.68 sq mi)
 • Water1.84 km2 (0.71 sq mi)  2.6%
 • Rank#340 in Norway
Population
 (2023)
 • Total
27,682
 • Rank#42 in Norway
 • Density400.5/km2 (1,037/sq mi)
 • Change (10 years)
Increase +4.1%
DemonymsHortenser
Hortensar[1]
Official language
[2]
 • Norwegian formBokmål
Time zoneUTC+01:00 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+02:00 (CEST)
ISO 3166 codeNO-3901[3]
WebsiteOfficial website
Data from Statistics Norway

Horten (pronunciationⓘ) is a municipality in Vestfold county, Norway. It is located in the traditional district of Jarlsberg. The administrative centre of the municipality is the town of Horten. Other population centers in Horten Municipality include the town of Åsgårdstrand and the villages of Nykirke, Skoppum, and Borre. The municipality is located on a peninsula along the Ytre Oslofjord.[4]

The 71-square-kilometre (27 sq mi) municipality is the 340th largest by area out of the 356 municipalities in Norway. Horten is the 42nd most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 27,682. The municipality's population density is 400.5 inhabitants per square kilometre (1,037/sq mi) and its population has increased by 4.1% over the previous 10-year period.[5][6]

Borre National Park contains the largest known burial site in Scandinavia.[7] It also has the largest collection of king's graves in Scandinavia.[8]

The local newspaper in Horten is named Gjengangeren, and covers mostly local news. The Bastøy Prison is located on the island of Bastøy which is located in the Ytre Oslofjord and is part of the municipality of Horten.[4]

General information

[edit]
Edvard Munch's house in Åsgårdstrand

The small port town of Horten was established as a municipality on 1 January 1858 after it was separated from Borre Municipality (because it had been designated a ladested which meant it had to be a separate urban municipality and no longer part of the larger rural municipality). Initially, it had a population of 4,636. On 1 August 1921, an area of Borre Municipality (population: 287) was transferred into the town of Horten. On 1 July 1951, another area of Borre Municipality (population: 308) was transferred into the town of Horten.[9]

During the 1960s, there were many municipal mergers across Norway due to the work of the Schei Committee. On 1 January 1965, the town of Åsgårdstrand (population: 488) and the Stang area of Sem Municipality (population: 126) were both merged with Borre Municipality (population: 6,037). On 1 January 1986, an area of Borre Municipality (population: 22) was transferred into the town of Horten. On 1 January 1988, the neighboring Borre Municipality (population: 12,994) was merged with Horten Municipality (population: 9,098).[9] Prior to the merger, Horten Municipality was the same as the town of Horten, but afterwards, the municipality was much larger than the town. The name of the new municipality was somewhat controversial and the government chose Borre over Horten for the new name. On 1 June 2002, the name of the municipality was changed (back) to Horten, following a referendum held in conjunction with the 2001 parliamentary election. The referendum was a close call with 6,557 votes for the name Horten and 6,218 votes for Borre.[10]

Name

[edit]

The municipality (originally the town) is named after the old Horten farm (spelled "Hortan" in 1552) since the town was built on the old farm site. The name has an uncertain meaning. The name may come from a local dialect word hort which means the "outer, knotty bark on older trees" which likely derives from the Old Norse word hǫrtr which means "something uneven" or "wrinkled". Another option could be that it is derived from the Old Norse word hǫlkn or helkn which means "rocky ground", "shelter", or "place of refuge". yet another option is that it could be the definite form of hort which can mean "bulge" (Old Norse: hǫrti). Several hills and mountains in Norway have the name Horten or Horta and here it could be referring to the Brårudåsen hill lying in the middle of the town.[11][4]

From 1 January 1988 until 1 June 2002, this municipality was named Borre. See Borre Municipality#Name.

Coat of arms

[edit]

The coat of arms was granted on 19 November 1907, just after Horten was designated as a kjøpstad, giving it town privileges. The blazon is "Per bend azure a fortress and boat on water and argent a rose". This means the arms are divided with a diagonal line. The field (background) below the line shows a naval fort with a boat on the water. Above the line, there is a red rose and the field has a tincture of argent which means it is commonly colored white, but if it is made out of metal, then silver is used. The arms use the old "English"-style of shield with a mural crown sits on top signifying that the municipality contains a city. The design shows the importance of the Karljohansvern naval base and the gardens of the city. The arms were designed by Andreas Bloch. The municipal flag is white with the coat of arms in the centre.[12][13]

Churches

[edit]

The Church of Norway has four parishes (sokn) within the municipality of Horten. It is part of the Nord-Jarlsberg prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Tunsberg.

Churches in Horten
Parish (sokn) Church name Location of the church Year built
Borre Borre Church Borre c. 1100
Skoppum Church Skoppum 1989
Horten Horten Church Horten 1855
Løvøy Chapel Løvøya c. 1200
Sentrum Church Horten 1972
Nykirke Nykirke Church Nykirke c. 1100
Åsgårdstrand Åsgårdstrand Church Åsgårdstrand 1969

Geography

[edit]

Horten Municipality is located on the western shore of the Ytre Oslofjord in Vestfold County. It borders Tønsberg Municipality to the south and west and Holmestrand Municipality to the north. Other nearby towns include Tønsberg to the south and the much smaller Holmestrand to the north. About half of the municipality's total area is made up of forests, while slightly less than a third is agricultural land. The administrative centre of the municipality is the town of Horten, along the coast. The smaller town of Åsgårdstrand is located in the southern part of the municipality, along the coast. The inland villages of Skoppum, Borre, and Nykirke are all located in the rural areas of the municipality.[4]

Nature preserves

[edit]

Nature preserves include Vealøs, Adalstjern, Frebergsvik, and Falkensten. Additional nature preserves are found by the lake Borrevannet and the islands of Løvøya and Bastøy. There is a preserve in Åsgårdstrand as well. Falkenstendammen is a wildlife preserve, home to various nationally threatened species. Reverompa Plant Reserve was established in 2006 due to presence of the nationally endangered crested cow-wheat. Tordenskjoldeika is a protected 700-year-old oak tree by the harbor. Borre National Park is located along the coast, but this is primarily a historic park.[4]

Government

[edit]

Horten Municipality is responsible for primary education (through 10th grade), outpatient health services, senior citizen services, welfare and other social services, zoning, economic development, and municipal roads and utilities. The municipality is governed by a municipal council of directly elected representatives. The mayor is indirectly elected by a vote of the municipal council.[14] The municipality is under the jurisdiction of the Vestfold District Court and the Agder Court of Appeal.

Municipal council

[edit]

The municipal council (Kommunestyre) of Horten is made up of 41 representatives that are elected to four-year terms. The tables below show the current and historical composition of the council by political party.

Horten kommunestyre 2023–2027 [15]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 13
  Progress Party (Fremskrittspartiet) 5
  Green Party (Miljøpartiet De Grønne) 2
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 10
  Industry and Business Party (Industri‑ og Næringspartiet) 3
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) 1
  Red Party (Rødt) 3
  Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti) 2
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 2
Total number of members:41
Horten kommunestyre 2019–2023 [16]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 18
  Progress Party (Fremskrittspartiet) 3
  Green Party (Miljøpartiet De Grønne) 3
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 9
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) 1
  Red Party (Rødt) 3
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 2
  Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti) 1
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 1
Total number of members:41
Horten kommunestyre 2015–2019 [17][18]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 15
  Progress Party (Fremskrittspartiet) 4
  Green Party (Miljøpartiet De Grønne) 2
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 11
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) 1
  Red Party (Rødt) 2
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 2
  Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti) 2
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 2
Total number of members:41
Horten kommunestyre 2011–2015 [19]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 15
  Progress Party (Fremskrittspartiet) 3
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 16
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) 1
  Red Party (Rødt) 2
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 1
  Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti) 1
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 2
Total number of members:41
Horten kommunestyre 2007–2011 [18]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 15
  Progress Party (Fremskrittspartiet) 8
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 9
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) 1
  Red Electoral Alliance (Rød Valgallianse) 3
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 1
  Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti) 2
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 1
 Joint list for health and care (Fellesliste helse og omsorg)1
Total number of members:41
Horten kommunestyre 2003–2007 [18]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 15
  Progress Party (Fremskrittspartiet) 8
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 7
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) 1
  Pensioners' Party (Pensjonistpartiet) 1
  Red Electoral Alliance (Rød Valgallianse) 3
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 1
  Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti) 5
Total number of members:41
Borre kommunestyre 1999–2003 [18][20]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 11
  Progress Party (Fremskrittspartiet) 5
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 9
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) 2
  Red Electoral Alliance (Rød Valgallianse) 3
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 1
  Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti) 2
 Horten Party (Hortenpartiet)8
Total number of members:41
Note: On 1 June 2002, the municipal name was changed from Borre to Horten.
Borre kommunestyre 1995–1999 [21]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 11
  Progress Party (Fremskrittspartiet) 6
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 15
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) 2
  Red Electoral Alliance (Rød Valgallianse) 3
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 2
  Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti) 1
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 1
Total number of members:41
Borre kommunestyre 1991–1995 [22]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 15
  Progress Party (Fremskrittspartiet) 4
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 18
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) 3
  Red Electoral Alliance (Rød Valgallianse) 2
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 3
  Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti) 7
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 1
Total number of members:53
Borre kommunestyre 1987–1991 [23]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 20
  Progress Party (Fremskrittspartiet) 7
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 18
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) 2
  Red Electoral Alliance (Rød Valgallianse) 1
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 1
  Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti) 3
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 1
Total number of members:53
Note: On 1 January 1988, Borre Municipality merged with Horten and the name of the new municpiality was changed to Borre.
Horten bystyre 1983–1987 [24]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 23
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 22
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) 2
  Red Electoral Alliance (Rød Valgallianse) 2
  Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti) 2
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 2
Total number of members:53
Horten bystyre 1979–1983 [25]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 25
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 21
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) 3
  Red Electoral Alliance (Rød Valgallianse) 1
  Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti) 1
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 2
Total number of members:53
Horten bystyre 1975–1979 [26]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 24
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 21
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) 4
  Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti) 2
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 2
Total number of members:53
Horten bystyre 1971–1975 [27]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 25
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 17
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) 3
  Socialist People's Party (Sosialistisk Folkeparti) 3
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 5
Total number of members:53
Horten bystyre 1967–1971 [28]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 26
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 19
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) 2
  Socialist People's Party (Sosialistisk Folkeparti) 2
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 4
Total number of members:53
Horten bystyre 1963–1967 [29]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 28
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 19
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) 2
  Socialist People's Party (Sosialistisk Folkeparti) 1
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 3
Total number of members:53
Horten bystyre 1959–1963 [30]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 27
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 18
  Communist Party (Kommunistiske Parti) 1
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) 3
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 4
Total number of members:53
Horten bystyre 1955–1959 [31]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 27
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 18
  Communist Party (Kommunistiske Parti) 1
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) 3
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 4
Total number of members:53
Horten bystyre 1951–1955 [32]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 26
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 17
  Communist Party (Kommunistiske Parti) 1
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) 4
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 4
Total number of members:52
Horten bystyre 1947–1951 [33]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 25
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 18
  Communist Party (Kommunistiske Parti) 2
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) 4
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 3
Total number of members:52
Horten bystyre 1945–1947 [34]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 26
  Communist Party (Kommunistiske Parti) 4
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) 4
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 4
  Joint List(s) of Non-Socialist Parties (Borgerlige Felleslister) 14
Total number of members:52
Horten bystyre 1937–1940* [35]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 22
  Temperance Party (Avholdspartiet) 3
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 4
  Joint List(s) of Non-Socialist Parties (Borgerlige Felleslister) 23
Total number of members:52
Note: Due to the German occupation of Norway during World War II, no elections were held for new municipal councils until after the war ended in 1945.
Horten bystyre 1934–1937 [36]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 20
  Temperance Party (Avholdspartiet) 5
  Communist Party (Kommunistiske Parti) 1
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 7
  Joint List(s) of Non-Socialist Parties (Borgerlige Felleslister) 19
Total number of members:52
Horten bystyre 1931–1934 [37]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 21
  Temperance Party (Avholdspartiet) 3
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 7
  Joint List(s) of Non-Socialist Parties (Borgerlige Felleslister) 21
Total number of members:52
Horten bystyre 1928–1931 [38]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 22
  Temperance Party (Avholdspartiet) 5
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 4
  Joint list of the Conservative Party (Høyre) and the Free-minded Liberal Party (Frisinnede Venstre) 21
Total number of members:52
Horten bystyre 1925–1928 [39]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 7
  Temperance Party (Avholdspartiet) 5
  Social Democratic Labour Party
(Socialdemokratiske Arbeiderparti)		 14
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 4
  Joint List(s) of Non-Socialist Parties (Borgerlige Felleslister) 22
Total number of members:52
Horten bystyre 1922–1925 [40]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 8
  Temperance Party (Avholdspartiet) 7
  Social Democratic Labour Party
(Socialdemokratiske Arbeiderparti)		 11
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 6
  Joint List(s) of Non-Socialist Parties (Borgerlige Felleslister) 20
Total number of members:52
Horten bystyre 1920–1922 [41]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 13
  Temperance Party (Avholdspartiet) 5
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 7
  Joint List(s) of Non-Socialist Parties (Borgerlige Felleslister) 19
Total number of members:44

Mayors

[edit]

The mayors (Norwegian: ordfører) of Horten:[42]

  • 1858–1859: Honoratus Halling
  • 1859–1865: Christian Torber Hegge Geelmuyden
  • 1866–1867: Paul Lemvig Thrane
  • 1868–1868: Johan Koren
  • 1869–1869: Jacob Lerche Johansen
  • 1870–1873: Christopher Gundersen
  • 1874–1875: Einar Torkel Christian Tambeskjelver Rosenquist
  • 1876–1876: Christian Torber Hegge Geelmuyden
  • 1876–1876: Henrik Jakob Müller
  • 1877–1877: Einar Torkel Christian Tambeskjelver Rosenquist
  • 1878–1878: Christian Wilhelm Wisbech
  • 1879–1879: Einar Torkel Christian Tambeskjelver Rosenquist
  • 1880–1881: Christian Wilhelm Wisbech
  • 1882–1889: Christian Magnus Falsen (H)
  • 1890–1892: Jonas Severin Rasmussen (H)
  • 1892–1893: Gabriel Cappelen Mørch (H)
  • 1894–1898: Oskar Storm (V)
  • 1899–1901: John Utheim (V)
  • 1902–1904: Aasmund Frisak (H)
  • 1905–1906: Hagbart Henriksen
  • 1907–1910: Otto Georg Enger (V)
  • 1910–1913: Harald Pedersen (V)
  • 1914–1915: Karl Johan Knudsen (Ap)
  • 1916–1916: Otto Georg Enger (V)
  • 1917–1918: Karl Johan Knudsen (Ap)
  • 1919–1940: Hans Johan Sollie (H)
  • 1940–1941: Herman Haug (H)
  • 1942–1944: Erling Winje (NS)
  • 1944–1945: Vagn Knudsen (H/NS)
  • 1945–1945: Hans Johan Sollie (H)
  • 1945–1967: Paul Bentsen (Ap)
  • 1968–1975: Ragnar Heitun (Ap)
  • 1976–1977: Finn Harder Johannesen (H)
  • 1978–1979: Johannes Synnes (KrF)
  • 1980–1983: Ragnar Heitun (Ap)
  • 1984–1985: Jørgen Hårek Kosmo (Ap)
  • 1985–1987: Ove Bjørkavåg (Ap)
  • 1988–1999: Jon Edvard Brække (H)
  • 1999–2011: Nils Henning Hontvedt (Ap)
  • 2011–2015: Børre Tommy Jacobsen (H)
  • 2015–2015: Finn-Øyvind Langfjell (H)
  • 2015–2023: Are Karlsen (Ap)
  • 2023–2027: Christina Maria Bratli (Ap)

Economy

[edit]
Karljohansvern was the Royal Norwegian Navy's main base from 1819 to 1963

Horten's employment sector is made up of industry (21.7% as of 2014), health and social services (18.1%), education (12.1%), and commerce and auto-repair (12.7%). The Royal Norwegian Navy was traditionally an important industry, but the city experienced an economic change when the Navy moved its main base to Bergen during the mid-20th century and Horten Verft went bankrupt in 1987. Currently, one of the most important industries is electrical engineering, represented by companies such as Kongsberg Maritime, Kongsberg Norcontrol, Simrad Horten, GE Vingmed Ultrasound, and others.[4]

Minorities (1st and 2nd generation) in Horten by country of origin in 2017[43]
Ancestry Number
 Poland 408
 Somalia 384
 Bosnia-Herzegovina 341
 Lithuania 323
 Denmark 166
 Sweden 149
 Iraq 148
 Philippines 134
 Afghanistan 122
 Iran 116
 Russia 108
 Germany 105

Culture

[edit]

Åsgårdstrand has been a vacation and bathing destination since 1920. It had already become an artists' colony by then, attracting painters such as Edvard Munch and Fritz Thaulow. Edvard Munch spent a total of seven summers at his vacation home in Åsgårdstrand, known as Munchs Lille Hus ("Munch's Little House"). The house is now a museum, located on Munch's Street (Munchsgate 25).[44]

Borre mounds

[edit]
Burial mound at Borre National Park, Norway's first national park.[45]

Borrehaugene (from Borre, the name of a local village and "haugene" from the Old Norse word haugr meaning mound) was the first national park to be founded in Norway. Borre National Park is situated between the towns of Horten and Åsgårdstrand. The park provides important historical knowledge, and can be seen as evidence that there was a center of power here in the Viking Age. The excavations also uncovered an unusually good selection of craft work, much of which is on display in Oslo at the Viking Ship Museum. This style has become known as "Borre style" and is, today, known for its animal and knot ornaments, which were often used for decorating harnesses. The finds also confirm that there was a Viking ship buried at Borrehaugene.

Borre mound cemetery at Borre National Park contains graves of kings dating back to the Migration Period. The park covers 45 acres (180,000 m2) and has the largest collection of kings' graves in Scandinavia. These burial mounds may represent North Europe's most extensive collection of graves of the old Scandinavian Yngling dynasty. From 1989 to 1991, new excavations were undertaken both in and around the national park.

Transportation

[edit]
Ferries cut across the Oslo Fjord, connecting Horten and Moss.

Being located out on a peninsula, most major transportation arteries go to the west of the town of Horten and secondary roads connect the town to these routes. The Moss–Horten Ferry (also known as the Bastø Ferry) crosses the Oslofjord, connecting to the town of Moss in Østfold county. The ferry departs 1–4 times per hour, and the journey takes about 30 minutes. The ferry transports annually about 1.8 million vehicles and 3.5 million passengers.[4]

The railway line Vestfoldbanen passes through the Horten municipality, but not through the main city center. The main train station in Horten is in the village of Skoppum. Skoppum Station is located southwest of the town centre, although many commuters prefer to use Holmestrand Station due to better road access.[46] Skoppum is 1 hour and 10 minutes by train from Oslo Central Station. By car, Horten is reached by following European route E18 south, and is approximately 100 kilometres (62 mi) from Oslo. The nearest airport is Sandefjord Airport Torp which is located about 30 minutes by train south of Skoppum.

Sports

[edit]

Horten has several football clubs. The most successful and well known is FK Ørn-Horten, which currently plays in the Norwegian 2nd Division. Another Horten team, Falk, plays in the Norwegian Third Division, while Borre IF and Holtankammeratene plays further down in the leagues.

Education

[edit]

The University of South-Eastern Norway has a campus in Horten, commonly referred to as Bakkenteigen, which offers a wide range of subjects from sociology, history and language thru mathematics, nature science and maritime studies. Bakkenteigen has over 4,000 students and aims to be a resource for research and development in the region.

Attractions

[edit]
Norwegian Naval Museum
  • Borre National Park, the first national park in Norway.[47] It is home to Northern Europe's largest collection of royal grave mounds,[8] and it is the largest grave mound site in Northern Europe.[48]
  • Royal Norwegian Navy Museum (Marinemuseet), the oldest existing museum of its kind in the world, founded in 1853. At the Royal Norwegian Navy Museum you can find many ships, including HNoMS Rap, the world's first torpedo boat from 1873.
  • Preus Fotomuseum, the Norwegian Museum of Photography, is a unique museum located in the same building as the naval museum.
  • Karljohansvern, the former naval base in Horten. Activity there in the recent years have been decreasing and parts of the area have now been opened to the public, including some nice beaches. Both the museum of photography and the navy museum are located close to the naval base.
  • Royal Norwegian Navy Band, a military band ranked among the best in Europe has its home base in Karljohansvern in Horten.
  • Horten Bilmuseum, the classic car museum, houses a variety of classic cars ranging from 1900 to the 1970s. One of Norway's largest model railways is also on display in the museum. It is open every day during summer, Sundays only from the middle of August to the middle of June.
  • Borre Golfbane, a golf course has hosted two Challenge Tour events (1994 and 1998) and was in 2005 extended to 27 holes of full length (par 72 + par 36). The first Challenge Tour event in 1994 was the first professional golf tournament on Norwegian soil. The 18-hole course runs along lake Borrevannet and some of the holes have views over the lake.[citation needed]
  • Borrevannet, a lake that is home to a national bird sanctuary where 255 different bird species have been observed (2003 numbers). 110 species have been confirmed using the lake as their nesting place.
  • L'Esprit d'Edvard Munch, the northernmost vineyard of the world, operating in Horten.
  • Åsgårdstrand, a town in the southern part of the municipality, is a sight of its own. It is a small, white-painted ocean town that is best known for its great painters (like the aforementioned Edvard Munch) and its beaches.

Notable people

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Main category: People from Horten
Francis Hagerup, 1895
Nils Henning Hontvedt, 2010

Public Service

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The Arts

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Kaja Eide Norena, 1909
M U Ringheim, Girl in Red, 2019

Sport

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International relations

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See also: List of twin towns and sister cities in Norway

Twin towns — Sister cities

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The following cities are twinned with Horten:[53]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ "Navn på steder og personer: Innbyggjarnamn" (in Norwegian). Språkrådet.
  2. ^ "Forskrift om målvedtak i kommunar og fylkeskommunar" (in Norwegian). Lovdata.no.
  3. ^ Bolstad, Erik; Thorsnæs, Geir, eds. (26 January 2023). "Kommunenummer". Store norske leksikon (in Norwegian). Kunnskapsforlaget.
  4. ^ a b c d e f g Thorsnæs, Geir; Bjerva, Knut G., eds. (16 January 2024). "Horten". Store norske leksikon (in Norwegian). Kunnskapsforlaget. Retrieved 18 February 2024.
  5. ^ Statistisk sentralbyrå. "Table: 06913: Population 1 January and population changes during the calendar year (M)" (in Norwegian).
  6. ^ Statistisk sentralbyrå. "09280: Area of land and fresh water (km²) (M)" (in Norwegian).
  7. ^ Nickel, Phyllis & Valderhaug, Hans Jakob (2017). Norwegian Cruising Guide—Vol 2: Sweden, West Coast and Norway, Swedish Border to Bergen. Attainable Adventure Cruising Ltd. p. 86. ISBN 9780995893962.
  8. ^ a b Evensberget, Snorre (2014). DK Eyewitness Travel Guide: Norway. Penguin. p. 125. ISBN 9781465432469.
  9. ^ a b Jukvam, Dag (1999). "Historisk oversikt over endringer i kommune- og fylkesinndelingen" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Statistisk sentralbyrå. ISBN 9788253746845.
  10. ^ NRK Østafjells (10 September 2001). "Flertall for Horten i Borre" (in Norwegian). Retrieved 19 October 2006.
  11. ^ Rygh, Oluf (1907). Norske gaardnavne: Jarlsberg og Larviks amt (in Norwegian) (6 ed.). Kristiania, Norge: W. C. Fabritius & sønners bogtrikkeri. pp. 127–128.
  12. ^ "Civic heraldry of Norway - Norske Kommunevåpen". Heraldry of the World. Retrieved 18 February 2024.
  13. ^ "Horten, Vestfold (Norway)". Flags of the World. Retrieved 18 February 2024.
  14. ^ Hansen, Tore; Vabo, Signy Irene, eds. (20 September 2022). "kommunestyre". Store norske leksikon (in Norwegian). Kunnskapsforlaget. Retrieved 14 October 2022.
  15. ^ "Kommunestyrevalg 2023 - Vestfold". Valgdirektoratet. Retrieved 1 February 2024.
  16. ^ "Kommunestyrevalg 2019 - Vestfold og Telemark". Valgdirektoratet. Retrieved 11 February 2024.
  17. ^ "Kommunestyrevalg 2015 - Vestfold". Valgdirektoratet.
  18. ^ a b c d "Table: 04813: Members of the local councils, by party/electoral list at the Municipal Council election (M)" (in Norwegian). Statistics Norway.
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  21. ^ "Kommunestyrevalget 1995" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo-Kongsvinger, Norge: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1996. ISBN 8253743351. ISSN 0332-8023.
  22. ^ "Kommunestyrevalget 1991" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo-Kongsvinger, Norge: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1993. ISBN 8253737939. ISSN 0332-8023.
  23. ^ "Kommunestyrevalget 1987" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo-Kongsvinger, Norge: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1988. ISBN 8253726325. ISSN 0332-8023.
  24. ^ "Kommunestyrevalget 1983" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo-Kongsvinger, Norge: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1984. ISBN 8253720378. ISSN 0332-8023.
  25. ^ "Kommunestyrevalget 1979" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo, Norge: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1979. ISBN 8253710836. ISSN 0332-8023.
  26. ^ "Kommunevalgene 1975" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo, Norge: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1977. ISBN 8253705646.
  27. ^ "Kommunevalgene 1972" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo, Norge: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1973. ISBN 8253701144.
  28. ^ "Kommunevalgene 1967" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo, Norge: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1967.
  29. ^ "Kommunevalgene 1963" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo, Norge: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1964.
  30. ^ "Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1959" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo, Norge: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1960.
  31. ^ "Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1955" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo, Norge: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1957.
  32. ^ "Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1951" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1952.
  33. ^ "Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1947" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1948.
  34. ^ "Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1945" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1947.
  35. ^ "Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1937" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1938.
  36. ^ "Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1934" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo, Norge: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1935.
  37. ^ "Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1931" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo, Norge: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1932.
  38. ^ "Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1928" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo, Norge: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1929.
  39. ^ "Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1925" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo, Norge: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1926.
  40. ^ "Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1922" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo, Norge: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1923.
  41. ^ "Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1919" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo, Norge: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1920.
  42. ^ Beck, Johan (1911). Horten – kort omrids af stedets historie (in Norwegian). Kristiania, Norge: Forlaget Norge.
  43. ^ "Immigrants and Norwegian-born to immigrant parents, by immigration category, country background and percentages of the population". ssb.no. Archived from the original on 2 July 2015. Retrieved 26 June 2017.
  44. ^ Kealy, Kelly & Kidder, Laura (2009). Fodor's Essential Scandinavia. Fodor's Travel Publications. pp. 321. ISBN 9781400008834.
  45. ^ Børresen, Svein E (2004). Vestfoldboka: en reise i kultur og natur (in Norwegian). Skagerrak forl. p. 48. ISBN 9788292284070.
  46. ^ "Pendlerne velger Holmestrand" [Commuters choose Holmestrand] (in Norwegian). Gjengangeren. 13 March 2007.
  47. ^ Fouberg, Erin Hogan; Hogan, Edward Patrick (2009). Norway. Infobase Publishing. p. 40. ISBN 9781438105277.
  48. ^ "Vestfold". Store Norske Leksikon (in Norwegian). Retrieved 11 November 2018.
  49. ^ William Ivarson at IMDb. Retrieved 06 February 2021.
  50. ^ Eidé Norena at IMDb. Retrieved 06 February 2021.
  51. ^ JOachim Calmeyer at IMDb. Retrieved 05 February 2021.
  52. ^ Grethe Kausland at IMDb. Retrieved 06 February 2021.
  53. ^ "Vänortskedjor i Norden" (in Swedish). Norden.se. Archived from the original on 15 May 2008. Retrieved 15 January 2009.
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