Chlorostilbon
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Chlorostilbon | |
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Blue-tailed emerald | |
Scientific classification ![]() | |
Domain: | Eukaryota |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Chordata |
Class: | Aves |
Clade: | Strisores |
Order: | Apodiformes |
Family: | Trochilidae |
Tribe: | Trochilini |
Genus: | Chlorostilbon Gould, 1853 |
Type species | |
Chlorostilbon prasinus[1] = Trochilus pucherani Gould, 1853
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Species | |
See text |
Chlorostilbon is a genus of hummingbird in the family Trochilidae, known as emeralds (as are some hummingbirds in the genera Amazilia and Elvira). A single species, the blue-chinned sapphire is variously placed in the monotypic genus Chlorestes or in Chlorostilbon. The taxonomy of the C. mellisugus superspecies is highly complex and, depending on view, includes 1-8 species. All species in this genus have straight black or black-and-red bills. The males are overall iridescent green, golden-green or bluish-green, and in some species the tail and/or throat is blue.[2] The females have whitish-grey underparts, tail-corners and post-ocular streak.
The genus Chlorostilbon was introduced in 1853 by the English ornithologist John Gould to accommodate a single species to which Gould gave the binomial name Chlorostilbon prasinus.[3] This taxon is now considered as a subspecies of the glittering-bellied emerald Chlorostilbon lucidus pucherani.[4][5][6]
Species
[edit]The genus contains ten species:[6]
Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
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Garden emerald | Chlorostilbon assimilis Lawrence, 1861 |
Costa Rica and Panama![]() |
Size: Habitat: Diet: |
LC
|
Western emerald | Chlorostilbon melanorhynchus Gould, 1860 |
Colombia and Ecuador.![]() |
Size: Habitat: Diet: |
LC
|
Red-billed emerald | Chlorostilbon gibsoni (Fraser, 1840) Three subspecies
|
Colombia and Venezuela![]() |
Size: Habitat: Diet: |
LC
|
Blue-tailed emerald | Chlorostilbon mellisugus (Linnaeus, 1758) |
Colombia east to the Guianas and Trinidad, and south to northern Bolivia and central Brazil![]() |
Size: Habitat: Diet: |
LC
|
Chiribiquete emerald
|
Chlorostilbon olivaresi Stiles, 1996 |
Colombia![]() |
Size: Habitat: Diet: |
LC
|
Glittering-bellied emerald | Chlorostilbon lucidus (Shaw, 1812) |
Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay, and Uruguay.![]() |
Size: Habitat: Diet: |
LC
|
Coppery emerald | Chlorostilbon russatus (Salvin & Godman, 1881) |
Colombia and Venezuela![]() |
Size: Habitat: Diet: |
LC
|
Narrow-tailed emerald
|
Chlorostilbon stenurus (Cabanis & Heine, 1860) |
Colombia and Venezuela![]() |
Size: Habitat: Diet: |
LC
|
Green-tailed emerald
|
Chlorostilbon alice (Bourcier & Mulsant, 1848) |
Venezuela![]() |
Size: Habitat: Diet: |
LC
|
Short-tailed emerald | Chlorostilbon poortmani (Bourcier, 1843) Two subspecies
|
Colombia and Venezuela![]() |
Size: Habitat: Diet: |
LC
|
Gallery
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ "Trochilidae". aviansystematics.org. The Trust for Avian Systematics. Retrieved 2023-08-05.
- ^ Stiles, F. Gary (1996). "A New Species of Emerald Hummingbird (Trochilidae, Chlorostilbon) from the Sierra de Chiribiquete, Southeastern Colombia, with a Review of the C. mellisugus Complex". The Wilson Bulletin. 108 (1): 1–27. ISSN 0043-5643. JSTOR 4163634.
- ^ Gould, John (1853). A Monograph of the Trochilidae, or Family of Humming-Birds. Vol. 5. London: self. Plate 355 and text (Part 5 Plate 14). The 5 volumes were issued in 25 parts between 1849 and 1861. Title pages of all volumes bear the date of 1861.
- ^ Peters, James Lee, ed. (1945). Check-List of Birds of the World. Vol. 5. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. p. 36.
- ^ Dickinson, E.C.; Remsen, J.V. Jr., eds. (2013). The Howard & Moore Complete Checklist of the Birds of the World. Vol. 1: Non-passerines (4th ed.). Eastbourne, UK: Aves Press. p. 121. ISBN 978-0-9568611-0-8.
- ^ a b Gill, Frank; Donsker, David; Rasmussen, Pamela, eds. (January 2023). "Hummingbirds". IOC World Bird List Version 13.1. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 28 February 2023.