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A18 autostrada (Poland)

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Autostrada A18 shield}}
Autostrada A18
Route information
Part of E36
Maintained by GDDKiA
Length76.5 km (47.5 mi)
Major junctions
FromA 15 Bundesautobahn 15 at border with Germany at Forst-Bademeusel/Olszyna
ToA4 A4 motorway near Krzyżowa
Location
CountryPoland
Major citiesŻary
Highway system
← A 8→ A 50

Autostrada A18 is a short motorway in southwestern Poland which runs from the Polish/German border at Olszyna/Forst-Bademeusel (connecting with the German Bundesautobahn 15) to the Polish Autostrada A4. The highway is 76.5 km (47.5 mi) long and is part of the European route E36 and the Pan-European corridor IIIA from Berlin to Wrocław. Since 2023, both carriageways are opened after reconstruction and signed as A18.

Construction

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The Reichsautobahn from the 1930s had served as the east-bound carriageway until 2021.
After reconstruction, the whole A18 has new high-quality surface, however a short (5.6 km) fragment remains substandard due to lack of emergency lanes.

The 1930s (the southern carriageway)

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The motorway had its beginning as a single-carriageway part of Reichsautobahn 9 (Berlin-Breslau) built by Nazi Germany in the 1930s,[1] completed between 1936 and 1938. This route had all the features of an autobahn, built according to the standards of the time, including all the exits, viaducts and bridges. However, only a single carriageway was constructed along most of its length and space was left for constructing the second carriageway at a later time.

The road existed in this state until the early 1990s, when the first 17 km (11 mi) at its eastern end was rebuilt with new concrete carriageways and first signed A18 (later, in 2009, the section signed as A18 was shortened to 7 km, while the rest was re-signed as A4 when the connecting stretch of that motorway was opened[2]). In 1995, a new stretch of the second carriageway was constructed on the section near the border crossing (7 km).[3]

2004 – 2006 (the northern carriageway)

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Between 2004 and 2006, the northern carriageway was constructed in the allocated space reserve[4] and most of the overpasses and bridges were reconstructed. By June 2007, the road had two carriageways in use, but the older of the two (carrying eastbound traffic towards Wrocław) was in extremely poor shape, still using the surface made of concrete slabs laid in the 1930s. Due to bad road condition, the speed on that carriageway was limited to 70 km/h.[5]

Reconstruction of the southern carriageway was originally intended to proceed shortly afterwards, but did not start due to delays caused, in part, by changes in the motorway project required by new environmental protection rules (A18 passes through Natura 2000 protected areas).[6] On 15 July 2010, the environmental decision for the revised project was issued,[7] which would have allowed for the contract bidding procedure to be completed and for construction to start in 2011. However, in December 2010, the Polish government announced significant cutbacks to its funding for road construction, which delayed the project. In 2014, when the National Program of Road Construction for 2014 – 2023 was created, the government did not envisage it starting in the near future.

2020 – 2023 (reconstruction of the southern carriageway)

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In 2018, the ministry amended the National Program of Road Construction for 2014 – 2023 by including reconstruction of A18 on the primary list.

The reconstruction started in 2020 and 2021. The 1930s carriageway got closed on the whole length and the traffic in both directions was moved onto the high quality northern carriageway. The reconstruction was finished in October 2023, and the full length was then officially designated as an Autostrada.[8]

Exits

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CountryVoivodeshipLocationkmmiExitNameDestinationsNotes
PolandLubusz VoivodeshipOlszyna, Lubusz Voivodeship00.0—Germany–Poland border A 15 / E36 – Berlin• Terminus of A18; road continues as Bundesautobahn 15 towards Berlin
• North-west end of E 36 overlap
10.62—Olszynalocal road – Trzebiel
Królów9.96.2—Żary Zachód DK 12 – Łęknica / ŻaryRebuilding completed in September 2022.[9]
Drozdów, Lubusz Voivodeship2516—Żary Południe DK 27 – Przewóz / Zielona GóraRebuilding completed in September 2022.
Czerna, Żagań County37.523.3—Iłowa DW 296 – Lubań / Żagań
Lower Silesian VoivodeshipLuboszów5434—Luboszówlocal road – Lubań / Świętoszów
Golnice70.743.9—Golnice DW 297 – Nowa Sól / Bolesławiec, Jelenia Góra
—
Krzyżowa, Bolesławiec County75.546.9—Krzyżowa interchange A 4 / E40 – Wrocław / Jędrzychowice, Zgorzelec, DresdenSouth-east end of E 36 overlap
1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi
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See also

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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Freeway A18 (Poland).

References

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  1. ^ "Reichsautobahnen außerhalb der Bundesrepublik Deutschland". www.autobahn-online.de. Retrieved 2024-09-02.
  2. ^ "Nowe Drogi - Lista budowanych". www.nowedrogi.pl. Archived from the original on 2009-12-12.
  3. ^ "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2020-09-16. Retrieved 2020-01-26.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  4. ^ "Nowe Drogi - Lista budowanych". www.nowedrogi.pl. Archived from the original on 2007-03-03.
  5. ^ Urwane koła, zgubiony na wertepach towar. Pseudoautostrada A18 Archived 2014-05-02 at the Wayback Machine wroclaw.gazeta.pl, February 26, 2014
  6. ^ "Natura 2000 Viewer". natura2000.eea.europa.eu. Retrieved 2024-09-02.
  7. ^ "OBWIESZCZENIE z 29.07.2010 r. dot. wydania decyzji o środowiskowych uwarunkowaniach dla przedsięwzięcia polegającego na budowie autostrady A-18 na odcinku węzeł "Olszyna"-węzeł "Golnice"". gorzow.rdos.gov.pl. Archived from the original on 2011-08-17.
  8. ^ "A18 gotowa! - Generalna Dyrekcja Dróg Krajowych i Autostrad- Oddział Zielona Góra - Portal Gov.pl". Generalna Dyrekcja Dróg Krajowych i Autostrad- Oddział Zielona Góra (in Polish). Retrieved 2024-09-02.
  9. ^ Gotowy pierwszy z czterech odcinków A18
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