1998 in paleontology
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Paleontology or palaeontology is the study of prehistoric life forms on Earth through the examination of plant and animal fossils.[1] This includes the study of body fossils, tracks (ichnites), burrows, cast-off parts, fossilised feces (coprolites), palynomorphs and chemical residues. Because humans have encountered fossils for millennia, paleontology has a long history both before and after becoming formalized as a science. This article records significant discoveries and events related to paleontology that occurred or were published in the year 1998.
Flora
[edit]Lycophytes
[edit]Lycophyte research
[edit]- Wehr (1998) reports, without description, Selaginella species spikemoss fossils occurring in the Eocene Okanagan Highlands Klondike Mountain Formation.[2]
Fungi
[edit]Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Type locality | Country | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gen et sp nov |
valid |
Currah, Stockey, & LePage |
A hyperparasitic pleosporalean fungus of uncertain family affinity. |
|||||
Gen et sp nov |
valid |
Currah, Stockey, & LePage |
A parasitic phyllachoralean fungus of uncertain family affinity. |
Fungal research
[edit]- Currah, Stockey, & LePage (1998) describe the a phyllachoralean "tar spot" parasitizing Uhlia palm leaves, and host for a hyperparasitic pleosporalean fungus. They note them to be one of the first occurrences of hyperparasitic relationships in the fossil record.[3]
Arthropods
[edit]Newly named crustaceans
[edit]Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gen nov |
Valid |
Hof |
Late Cretaceous (Campanian) |
A mantis shrimp, type species is U. yehoachi (originally named as Eryon yehoachi in 1955). | ||||
Sp nov |
Jr synonym |
Jenner, Hof & Schram |
A mantis shrimp, moved to the genus Daidal (2007)[6] |
Newly named insects
[edit]Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sp. nov |
Valid |
De Andrade |
![]() | |||||
Comb nov. |
valid |
(Lin) Andersen |
A water strider |
|||||
Sp nov. |
valid |
Deuve |
A ground beetle |
![]() | ||||
Sp. nov |
Valid |
De Andrade |
![]() | |||||
Gen et sp nov. |
valid |
Andersen |
A macroveliid water strider |
|||||
Gen et sp nov. |
valid |
Andersen |
A riffle bug |
|||||
Sp nov. |
valid |
Andersen |
||||||
Gen et sp nov. |
valid |
Deuve |
A ground beetle |
![]() | ||||
Sp nov. |
valid |
Andersen |
||||||
Gen et 3 sp nov. |
valid |
Andersen |
A water strider |
|||||
Gen et sp nov. |
valid |
Andersen |
A limnobatodine water strider |
|||||
Comb nov. |
valid |
(Handlirsch) Andersen |
A water strider |
Molluscs
[edit]Bivalves
[edit]Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
sp nov |
Valid |
Geyer & Streng |
Early Cambrian Fordillidae bivalve |
Echinoderms
[edit]Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Alkaidia[12] |
Gen et sp nov |
Valid |
Blake & Reid |
Early Cretaceous (Albian) |
A starfish, type species is A. sumralli. |
|||
Altairia[12] |
Gen et comb nov |
Valid |
Blake & Reid |
Early Cretaceous (Albian) |
A starfish, type species is A. wintoni, originally named as Comptonia wintoni in 1920. |
|||
Betelgeusia[12] |
Gen et sp nov |
Valid |
Blake & Reid |
Early Cretaceous (Albian) |
A starfish, type species is B. reidi. |
|||
Capellia[12] |
Gen et sp nov |
Valid |
Blake & Reid |
Early Cretaceous (Albian) |
A starfish, type species is C. mauricei. |
|||
Crateraster texensis[12] |
Comb nov |
Valid |
Blake & Reid |
Early Cretaceous (Albian) |
A starfish, originally named as Pentagonaster texensis in 1920. |
|||
Denebia[12] |
Gen et comb nov |
Valid |
Blake & Reid |
Early Cretaceous (Albian) |
A starfish, type species is D. americana, originally named as Pentaceros americanus in 1920. |
|||
Fomalhautia[12] |
Gen et comb nov |
Valid |
Blake & Reid |
Early Cretaceous (Albian) |
A starfish, type species is F. hortensae, originally named as Metopaster hortensae in 1920. |
Amphibians
[edit]newly named anurans
[edit]Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gen et sp nov |
Valid |
Henrici |
A possible Rhinophrynidae frog |
Archosauromorpha
[edit]Dinosaurs
[edit]- A paper in the journal Nature is published by Karen Chin and others announcing the earlier discovery of a "king-sized coprolite" attributed to Tyrannosaurus rex.
- Lourinhasaurus gastroliths documented.[14]
- Cedarosaurus gastroliths documented.[15]
- Caudipteryx gastroliths documented.[16]
- Volunteers from the Denver Museum of Natural History discovered Tony's Bone Bed in the Cedar Mountain Formation's Poison Strip Member.[17]
Data courtesy of George Olshevsky's dinosaur genera list.[18]
Name | Status | Authors | Location | Notes | Images | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Altirhinus[19] | Valid taxon |
![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() | ||||
''Augustia'' |
Preoccupied |
|
||||
Camposaurus[20] | Valid taxon |
|
||||
Caseosaurus[20] | Valid taxon |
|
|
|||
Caudipteryx[21] | Valid taxon |
|
|
|||
Cristatusaurus[22] | Valid taxon | |||||
Eobrontosaurus[23] | Valid taxon. Now Synonym of Brontosaurus | |||||
Eolambia[24] | Valid taxon | |||||
Gargoyleosaurus[25] | Valid taxon |
|
|
|||
Gastonia[26] | Valid taxon | |||||
Gongxianosaurus[27] | Valid taxon |
|
|
|||
Histriasaurus[28] | Valid taxon |
|
||||
Lourinhanosaurus[29] | Valid taxon |
|
||||
Lourinhasaurus[30] | Valid taxon |
|
|
|||
Megaraptor[31] | Valid taxon |
|
||||
Nedcolbertia[32] | Valid taxon |
|
|
|||
Notohypsilophodon[33] | Valid taxon |
|
||||
Ozraptor[34] | Valid taxon |
|
||||
Protohadros[35] | Valid taxon |
|
||||
''Rahona''[36] | Preoccupied |
|
|
|||
Rahonavis[37] | Valid taxon |
|
|
|||
Scipionyx[38] | Valid taxon |
|
|
|||
Shanxia[39] | Valid taxon |
|
|
|||
Shuvuuia[40] | Valid taxon |
|
||||
Sonorasaurus[41] | Valid taxon |
|
|
|||
Suchomimus | Valid taxon | An African spinosaurs | Sereno et al. 1998 | |||
Tianzhenosaurus[42] | Valid taxon |
|
|
|||
Variraptor[43] | Valid taxon |
|
|
|||
Zuniceratops[44] | Valid taxon |
|
|
Newly named birds
[edit]Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Valid |
An Alexornithidae Brodkorb, 1976, this is the type species of the new genus. |
||||||
Sp. nov. |
Valid ? |
Late Pliocene |
MN 17 |
A Scolopacidae?, the holotypical tarsometatarsus looks more like a Charadriidae. |
||||
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Late Pliocene |
Late Blancan |
|
A Cathartidae, this is the type species of the new genus. |
|||
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Early Pliocene |
Late-Early Irvingtonian |
|
An Anhingidae. |
|||
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Early Miocene |
MN 2-3 |
A Gruidae, transferred to the genus Balearica by Mourer-Chauviré in 2001,[49] this is the type species of the new genus. |
||||
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Late Pleistocene |
Cave Deposits |
An Accipitridae. |
||||
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Late Miocene |
MN 11-12 |
An Accipitridae. |
||||
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Valid |
An Enantiornithes Walker, 1981, Euenantiornithes Incertae Sedis, this is the type species of the new genus. |
||||||
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Middle-Late Pliocene |
An Anatidae. |
|||||
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Late Pliocene |
A Fringillidae. |
|||||
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Late Pliocene |
A Fringillidae. |
|||||
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Early Middle Miocene |
A Struthionidae, eggshells. |
|||||
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Valid |
An Alexornithidae Brodkorb, 1976, this is the type species of the new genus. |
||||||
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Late Campanian-Early Maastrichtian, |
An Ornithothoraces, this is the type species of the new genus. |
|||||
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Middle Miocene |
A Gaviidae. |
|||||
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Late Pliocene, |
||||||
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Late Pliocene |
|
A Strigidae. |
||||
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Middle Eocene |
A Piciformes, Gracilitarsidae G. Mayr, 2001, this is the type species of the new genus. |
|||||
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Middle Eocene |
An Apodiformes, ?Archaeotrogonidae Mourer-Chauviré, 1980, this is the type species of the new genus. |
|||||
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Valid |
An Alexornithidae Brodkorb, 1976, this is the type species of the new genus. |
||||||
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Early Miocene |
A Strigidae, this is the type species of the new genus. |
|||||
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Middle Eocene |
A Coliidae, this is the type species of the new genus. |
|||||
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Middle Eocene |
An Upupiformes, Laurillardiidae Harrison, 1979. |
|||||
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Middle Eocene |
An Upupiformes, Laurillardiidae Harrison, 1979, this is the type species of the new genus. |
|||||
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Early Miocene |
A Strigidae, this is the type species of the new genus. |
|||||
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Middle Miocene |
A Miopiconidae G. Mayr, 1998, this is the type species of the new genus. |
|||||
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
A Phoenicopteriformes, Palaelodidae Stejneger, 1885. |
||||||
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
A Phoenicopteriformes, Palaelodidae Stejneger, 1885. |
||||||
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Middle Eocene |
A Zygodactylidae Brodkorb, 1971, not surely a Primozygodactylus. |
|||||
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Middle Eocene |
A Zygodactylidae Brodkorb, 1971, this is the type species of the new genus. |
|||||
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Middle Eocene |
A Zygodactylidae Brodkorb, 1971. |
|||||
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Middle Eocene |
A Halcyornithidae Harrison et Walker, 1972. The genus Pseudastur is preoccupied and replaced by Pseudasturides Mayr, 2004, this is the type species of both genera.[64] |
|||||
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Valid |
ppMichael Daniels |
Middle Eocene |
A stem Psittaciformes, this is the type species of the new genus. |
||||
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Middle Eocene |
An Alcediniformes Incertae Sedis, this is the type species of the new genus. |
|||||
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Early Miocene |
||||||
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Late Pliocene |
|
A Scolopacidae. |
||||
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Early Miocene |
A Struthionidae, eggshells. |
|||||
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Early Pliocene |
A Phasianidae. |
|||||
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Early Miocene |
A Psittacidae, this is the type species of the new genus. |
Pterosaurs
[edit]New taxa
[edit]
|
|
References
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