Ș
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Latin_letter_S_with_comma_below.svg/220px-Latin_letter_S_with_comma_below.svg.png)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Virguli%C5%A3a_%C5%9Fi_sedila.svg/180px-Virguli%C5%A3a_%C5%9Fi_sedila.svg.png)
S-comma (majuscule: Ș, minuscule: ș) is a letter which is part of the Romanian alphabet, used to represent the sound /ʃ/, the voiceless postalveolar fricative (like sh in shoe). S-comma consists of an s with a diacritical comma underneath it, and is distinct from s-cedilla.
History
[edit]![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/S_signo_mediae_lunulae_in_Lexicon_de_Buda.png/400px-S_signo_mediae_lunulae_in_Lexicon_de_Buda.png)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/%C5%9E%2C_%C5%A3_and_cedilla_in_Ortografia_limbei_rom%C3%A2ne_1895.png/400px-%C5%9E%2C_%C5%A3_and_cedilla_in_Ortografia_limbei_rom%C3%A2ne_1895.png)
The letter was proposed in the Buda Lexicon, a book published in 1825, which included two texts by Petru Maior, Orthographia romana sive latino-valachica una cum clavi and Dialogu pentru inceputul linbei române, introducing ș for /ʃ/ and ț for /ts/.[1]
Unicode support
[edit]S-comma was not initially supported in early Unicode versions, nor in the predecessors like ISO/IEC 8859-2 and Windows-1250. Instead, Ş (S-cedilla), a character available since Unicode 1.1.0 (1993), was used for digital texts written in Romanian. In some contexts, like with low-resolution screens and printouts, the visual distinction between ș and ş is minimal. In 1999, at the request of the Romanian Standardization Association [citation needed], S-comma was introduced in Unicode 3.0. Nevertheless, encoding for the S-comma was not supported in retail versions of Microsoft Windows XP, but a later European Union Expansion Font Update provided the feature. While digital accessibility to S-comma has since improved, both characters continue to be used interchangeably in various contexts like publishing.
The letter is part of Unicode's Latin Extended-B range, under "Additions for Romanian", titled as "Latin capital letter S with comma below" (U+0218) and "Latin small letter s with comma below" (U+0219).[2] In HTML, these can be encoded by Ș
and ș
, respectively.
Use of the comma with the letter S
[edit]Șș | |
---|---|
S-comma |
- Romanian
- The Romanian letter Ș/ș (S with comma) represents the voiceless postalveolar fricative /ʃ/ (as in "show"). On outdated systems which do not support the glyph, the symbol Ş/ş (S with cedilla) is used. Example word: Timișoara.
Character encoding
[edit]Preview | Ș | ș | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Unicode name | LATIN CAPITAL LETTER S WITH COMMA BELOW | LATIN SMALL LETTER S WITH COMMA BELOW | ||
Encodings | decimal | hex | dec | hex |
Unicode | 536 | U+0218 | 537 | U+0219 |
UTF-8 | 200 152 | C8 98 | 200 153 | C8 99 |
Numeric character reference | Ș |
Ș |
ș |
ș |
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Marinella Lörinczi Angioni, "Coscienza nazionale romanza e ortografia: il romeno tra alfabeto cirillico e alfabeto latino ", La Ricerca Folklorica, No. 5, La scrittura: funzioni e ideologie. (Apr., 1982), pp. 75–85.
- ^ Unicode code charts. Latin Extended-B: Range 0180–024F