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The Shiwiar inventory is:<ref>Fast, Gerhard. 1975. "Sistema fonológico del idioma achual." ''Datos Etno-Lingüísticos'' 20. Lima: Instituto Lingüístico de Verano. Cited from the South American Phonological Inventory Database at the University of California at Berkeley.</ref>
The Shiwiar inventory is:<ref>Fast, Gerhard. 1975. "Sistema fonológico del idioma achual." ''Datos Etno-Lingüísticos'' 20. Lima: Instituto Lingüístico de Verano. Cited from the South American Phonological Inventory Database at the University of California at Berkeley.</ref>
{| class="wikitable IPA"
{| class="wikitable IPA"
| class=key | Consonants
| Consonants
!Bilabial
!Bilabial
!Alveolar
!Alveolar
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!Velar
!Velar
!Glottal
!Glottal
|- align=center
⚫
|-
⚫
!Nasal
⚫
| m
⚫
| n
⚫
|
⚫
|
⚫
| ŋ
⚫
|
|- align=center
!Stop
!Stop
| p
| p
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| k
| k
| ʔ
| ʔ
|- align=center
|-
!Affricate
!Affricate
|
|
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|
|
|
|
|- align=center
|-
!Fricative
!Fricative
|
|
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| x
| x
|
|
|- align=center
|-
⚫
!Nasal
⚫
| m
⚫
| n
⚫
|
⚫
|
⚫
| ŋ
|
|-
!Approximant
!Approximant
| w
| w
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|
|
|
|
|- align=center
|-
!Tap, flap
!Tap
|
|
| ɾ
| ɾ
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!Central
!Central
!Back
!Back
|- align=center
|-
!High
!High
| i ĩ iː
| i ĩ iː
| ɨ ɨ̃ ɨː
| ɨ ɨ̃ ɨː
| u ũ uː
| u ũ uː
|- align=center
|-
!Low
!Low
|
|

Revision as of 19:11, 30 July 2015

Template:Distinguish2

Achuar
Shiwiar
Native toPeru, Ecuador
EthnicityAchuar people
Native speakers
(undated figure of 3,000–3,500 in Peru)[1]
4,000 in Ecuador (2007)[2]
Jivaroan
  • Achuar
Language codes
ISO 639-3acu
Glottologachu1248
ELPAchuar

Shiwiar, also known as Achuar, Jivaro, Maina, is a Jivaroan language spoken along the Pastaza and Bobonaza rivers in Ecuador.

Phonology

The Shiwiar inventory is:[3]

Consonants Bilabial Alveolar Post-alveolar Palatal Velar Glottal
Nasal m n ŋ
Stop p t k ʔ
Affricate ts tʃ
Fricative s ʃ x
Approximant w j
Tap ɾ
Vowels Front Central Back
High i ĩ iː ɨ ɨ̃ ɨː u ũ uː
Low a ã aː

References

  1. ^ Achuar at Ethnologue (10th ed., 1984). Note: Data may come from the 9th edition (1978).
  2. ^ Achuar-Shiwiar at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
  3. ^ Fast, Gerhard. 1975. "Sistema fonológico del idioma achual." Datos Etno-Lingüísticos 20. Lima: Instituto Lingüístico de Verano. Cited from the South American Phonological Inventory Database at the University of California at Berkeley.
  • Dryer, Matthew S.; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2013). "Achuar". World Atlas of Language Structures Online. Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology.
  • Lev, Michael; Stark, Tammy; Chang, Will (2012). "Phonological inventory of Achuar-Shiwiar". The South American Phonological Inventory Database (version 1.1.3 ed.). Berkeley: University of California: Survey of California and Other Indian Languages Digital Resource.
  • New Testament in Achuar
  • The Universal Declaration of Human Rights in Achuar
  • The Shiwiar Rainforest Initiative
  • Achuar–Shiwiar on Native Languages of the Americas
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