Wiktionary

kur

See also: Appendix:Variations of "kur"

Translingual

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Symbol

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kur

  1. (international standards) ISO 639-2 & ISO 639-3 language code for Kurdish.

Ainu

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Alternative forms

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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kur (Kana spelling クㇽ, plural utar)

  1. (with modifiers) person
    repunkur ― foreigner (literally, “person in the sea”)
    tan kur ― this person

Usage notes

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This word is similar in usage to Japanese 者(もの) (mono), in the sense that it cannot stand in a sentence as an independent word and is never used without a modifier.

See also

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  • pe (“thing (after consonant)”)
  • p (“thing (after vowel)”)

Albanian

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Etymology

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From Proto-Albanian *kur, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷur; cognate to Lithuanian kur̃ (“where”), Old Armenian ուր (ur, “id”), etc. See also Albanian ku (“where”).[1][2][3][4]

Less likely from Latin quā hōrā.

Pronoun

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kur

  1. when

Derived terms

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References

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  1. ^ Orel, Vladimir E. (1998) “kur”, in Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill, →ISBN, page 206
  2. ^ The template Template:R:sq:Vasmer:1921 does not use the parameter(s): 
    p=34
    Please see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.    Vasmer, Max (1921) Studien zur albanischen Wortforschung (Acta et commentationes 34 Universitatis Dorpatensis; 1) (in German), Dorpat
  3. ^ The template Template:R:sq:Orel:2000 does not use the parameter(s): 
    p=280
    Please see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.    Orel, Vladimir E. (2000) A concise historical grammar of the Albanian language: reconstruction of Proto-Albanian‎[1], Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill, →ISBN
  4. ^ Demiraj, B. (1997) “227-228”, in Albanische Etymologien: Untersuchungen zum albanischen Erbwortschatz [Albanian Etymologies: […]] (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 7)‎[2] (in German), Amsterdam, Atlanta: Rodopi

Chipaya

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Noun

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kur

  1. mountain

References

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Czech

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Czech Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia cs

Etymology

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Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kurъ.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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kur m anim

  1. a group of bird genera in the Phasianidae family, composed of Bambusicola, Galloperdix, Gallus, and Ptilopachus
    1. especially, the common household chicken (Gallus gallus, sometimes Gallus gallus domesticus)
  2. (archaic) rooster
    Synonym: kohout

Declension

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Declension of kur (hard masculine animate)
singular plural
nominative kur kurové
genitive kura kurů
dative kurovi, kuru kurům
accusative kura kury
vocative kure kurové
locative kurovi, kuru kurech
instrumental kurem kury

Derived terms

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Further reading

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  • “kur”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
  • “kur”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
  • “kur”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)
  • Jiří Rejzek (2007) “kur”, in Český etymologický slovník (in Czech), Leda

Danish

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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kur c (singular definite kuren, plural indefinite kure)

  1. treatment
  2. cure, remedy

Inflection

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Declension of kur
common
gender 		Singular Plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative kur kuren kure kurene
genitive kurs kurens kures kurenes

Eastern Cham

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Alternative forms

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Pronunciation

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Adjective

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kur

  1. round; circular

Hungarian

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): [ˈkur]
  • Hyphenation: kur
  • Rhymes: -ur

Adjective

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kur (not comparable)

  1. Curonian

Declension

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Inflection (stem in -o-, back harmony)
singular plural
nominative kur kurok
accusative kurt kurokat
dative kurnak kuroknak
instrumental kurral kurokkal
causal-final kurért kurokért
translative kurrá kurokká
terminative kurig kurokig
essive-formal kurként kurokként
essive-modal — —
inessive kurban kurokban
superessive kuron kurokon
adessive kurnál kuroknál
illative kurba kurokba
sublative kurra kurokra
allative kurhoz kurokhoz
elative kurból kurokból
delative kurról kurokról
ablative kurtól kuroktól
non-attributive
possessive - singular 		kuré kuroké
non-attributive
possessive - plural 		kuréi kurokéi

Latgalian

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Etymology

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From Proto-Balto-Slavic *ku. Cognates include Latvian kur and Lithuanian kur.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): [ˈkùr]
  • Hyphenation: kur

Adverb

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kur

  1. (interrogative) where?
  2. (relative) where

References

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  • Nicole Nau (2011) A short grammar of Latgalian, München: LINCOM GmbH, →ISBN

Latvian

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Etymology 1

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From Proto-Baltic *kur, from the same Proto-Indo-European stem *kʷu-, *kʷo- as the interrogative pronoun kas (q.v.). Cognates include Lithuanian kur̃, Old Church Slavonic къде (kŭde) (cf. Russian где (gde)), Sanskrit कुह (kúha).[1]

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): [kùɾ]
  • Audio:(file)

Adverb

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kur

  1. (in questions involving location) where? in what place?
    kur atrodas jūsu māja? ― where is your house located?
    kur tu strādā? ― where do you work?
    kur viņš dzīvo? ― where does he live?
    “kur Kristīne? iekšā?” Edgars rādīja uz barona istabām ― “where (is) Christne? inside?” Edgars showed the baron's rooms
  2. (in questions involving motion towards) where? where to? to what place? whither?
    kur tu iesi? ― where will you go?
  3. (often in combination with other adverbs like kaut, citur, tur) indicates an indeterminate or unknown place; where, wherever, somewhere
    kaut kur ― somewhere
    kur nekur ― somewhere
    kur tur ― somewhere
    kur citur ― elsewhere, somewhere else
    citur kur ― elsewhere, somewhere else
    viņš raudzījās visapkārt, vai vēl kur nekūpēja ― he looked all around, even (there) where it wasn't smoking
    kaut kur nodimdēja pēdējās tramvajs, vientuļs un drusku noguris ― somewhere the last tram was rumbling (along), lonely and a little tired
    bet vai, uz balli ejot, nevar apmaldīties un nokļūt kur citur? — but can't (you), while going to the ball, get lost and end up somewhere else?
  4. (usually in a rhetorical question or as part of an interjection or interjective expression) indicates denial, impossibility
    kur nu! ― lit. where now! (= what?! of course not! what an idea! what are you talking about?)
    kur tad ― lit. where then (indicating doubt, impossibility)
    kur šim nauda būs, kad pa krogu vien dzīvoja? ― how on earth (lit. where) will this one (= guy) have money, when (= since) he used to live in the bar (doing nothing)?
    Anneli nekur nelaida, un viņa arī nevarēja paiet; kā soli spēra, tā sapinās lakatos un novēlās... kur viņai arī vajadzēja iet! ― (they) didn't let Annele (go) anywhere, and she couldn't walk anyway; when she tried a step, she got entangled in (the) scarves and fell down... where should she go anyway!
    “es kādreiz domāju, auskari vairs nav modē...” “kur nu! vismodernākā lieta!” — “I sometimes think that earrings are no longer fashionable...” “what are you talking about?! (earrings are) the most modern (= fashionable) thing!”
  5. used to stress the degree of a quality, or to add emotional intensity; syn. cik; how..., how much..., what a...
    Sals domājis: “sasodīts, kur tas zaķis stiprs!” — Frost thought: “damn! what a strong hare!”
    visi aizsteidzas uz pūķa pili meitu apraudzīt... kur tā bija priecīga, asaras raudādama, puisītim-brālītim tūlīt gar ap kaklu! ― everybody hurried to the dragon's palace to look at the girl... how happy she was, crying tears, with the little boy, (her) brother, around her neck (= hugging her)!
  6. used to make an utterance more expressive, to strengthen it; ah...! what happened to...!
    kur tas laiks, sulas kad urbu! ― ah! (lit. where) that time, when I used to drill (holes on trees, to get) sap!
  7. (with a complement participial verb in -dams) used to indicate concession; let ... wherever
    lai brauc kur braukdams ― let him go wherever he will!
    lai rakstnieks ietu kur iedams, darītu ko darīdams ― let the writer go wherever he will go, (let him) do whatever he will do
  8. (with an infinitive verb) indicates a place related to the action described by the verb; (a place) where, anywhere, somewhere
    nezināja kur skriet ― he didn't know where to run
    nav kur iet ― (there) isn't anywhere to go
    nav kur drēbes glabāt ― (he) doesn't have where (= a place) to keep (his) clothes
    Gaužens gan saka, ka varētu iztikt ar kaļķiem, bet tos pašus arī nav kur ņemt ― Gaužens indeed said that they could do with lime, but there isn't anywhere to take (= get, find) it
    viņa nokāpa pēc ūdens, lai būtu kur nomazgāt gaidāmo bērnu ― she went down for (= near) the water, so that there would be where (= some place where) to wash the upcoming baby
Synonyms
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Conjunction

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kur

  1. where; used to introduce subordinate clauses indicating location and relating to elements of the main clause with various different functions:
    (a) subject:
    ja slimnieks sūdzas par sāpēm pakrūtē, tad jānoskaidro, kur īsti sāp, vairāk pa labi... vai pa kreisi... ― if the patient complains of chest pain, then (we) must find out where it really hurts, more to the right... or to the left...
    (b) predicate:
    vistrokšņainākā istaba redakcijā bija tā, kur strādāja lauksaimniecības nodaļas līdzstrādnieki ― the noisiest room in the editorial office was the one where the associates of the agriculture department worked
    (c) attribute, secondary predicate:
    gravu ienaidnieks uzskatīja par vietu, kur katrā ziņā vajag būt sapulcētiem uzbrūkošajiem spēkiem ― the enemy considered a ravine a place where in all respects there must be assembled attacking forces
    {d} attribute, with purpose meaning
    itin kā zemes trūktu, kur dārzu stādīt ― as if there was no land where to plant a garden
    (e) direct object (e.g., reporting a question)
    tātad taisnība un brīvība nav vis pavisam pazudušas: Jēkabs zina, kur tās paslēptas ― so, truth and freedom were not completely lost: Jēkabs knew where they (were) hidden
    sveicināti! vai jūs man neparādītu, kur dzīvo Dzenes? ― hello! wouldn't you (= would you please) show me where the Dzenes live?
    (f) spatial (adverbial), locative or directional (including the combination kur (tik) vien) “wherever...”)
    kur dūmi, tur siltums ― where (there is) smoke, (there is also) heat
    labi, labi! ņem sievu un bērnus un ej, kur esi nācis! OK, OK! get (your) wife and children and go (back) where you came from!
    allaž gribas nokļūt tur, kur esmu jau bijis ― (I) always feel like going where I have already been (before)
    Andriksons stāvēja turpat, kur stāvējis, stīvs un mēms ― Andriksons stood right there where he had stopped, stiff and speechless
    kur vien Liena parādījās, tur skumjas bēga kā nakts no dienas ― wherever Liena showed herself, there sadness ran (away) like the night from the day
    kur tik vien māceklis pieķeras, visur notik klizma ― wherever the apprentice tried to do something, accidents happened
    (g) concession (in the sequences lai kur, lai arī kur, lai nu kur, lai vai kur)
    lai kur tu dzīvotu, jaunais draugs, lai cik klusa būtu tava sēta, tu allaž sasniegsi draugus ― wherever you may live, young friend, no matter how quiet your little ranch is, you will always obtain friends
    viņš ir tik karsts un nikns... lai kur kāds runā, viņš tūdaļ pretī ar savu ― he is so hot (= angry) and wild... wherever someone is speaking, he immediately reacts with his (comments, counterarguments)

Pronoun

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kur (relative)

  1. where; used to link a component of a subordinate clause with a component of a main clause, expressing a locative relation
    Janka ienira pavadītāju drūzmā, kur neviens nepiegrieza viņam vērību ― Janka dived into the accompanying crowd, where nobody would pay attention to him
    māte priecājās par sieru un iebāza to, drusku nogaršojusi, kabatā, kur tas pazuda kā akā ― mother was happy about the cheese and put it, after tasting a little, in (her) pocket, where it disappeared as if in a well
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Etymology 2

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A form of the verb kurt (q.v.).

Pronunciation

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Verb

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kur

  1. inflection of kurt:
    1. second/third-person singular present indicative
    2. third-person plural present indicative
    3. second-person singular imperative
  2. (with the particle lai) third-person singular imperative of kurt
  3. (with the particle lai) third-person plural imperative of kurt

References

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  1. ^ Karulis, Konstantīns (1992) “kur”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca‎[3] (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN

Lithuanian

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Etymology

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Ultimately from an r-extension of Proto-Indo-European *kʷos, *kʷis.[1] Cognate with Latvian kur (“where”), Proto-Slavic *kъde (“id”).[2]

Pronunciation

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Adverb

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kur̃

  1. where
    Kur esi? ― Where are you?

Pronoun

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kur̃

  1. where

References

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  1. ^ Wojciech Smoczyński (2018) “kur̃”, in Lithuanian Etymological Dictionary, Berlin, Germany: Peter Lang, →DOI, →ISBN, page 326
  2. ^ Derksen, Rick (2015) “kur”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 265

Middle English

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Noun

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kur

  1. Alternative form of curre

Northern Kurdish

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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kur m

  1. boy, son

Synonyms

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Descendants

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  • →? Turkish: kıro (from the vocative case)

Norwegian Bokmål

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Etymology 1

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From Latin cura.

Noun

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kur m (definite singular kuren, indefinite plural kurer, definite plural kurene)

  1. a cure, treatment
Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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From French cour.

Noun

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kur m (definite singular kuren, indefinite plural kurer, definite plural kurene)

  1. court (royal court, to pay court)

References

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Norwegian Nynorsk

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Etymology 1

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From Latin cura.

Noun

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kur m (definite singular kuren, indefinite plural kurar, definite plural kurane)

  1. a cure, treatment
Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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From French cour.

Noun

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kur m (definite singular kuren, indefinite plural kurar, definite plural kurane)

  1. court (royal court, to pay court)

References

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Polish

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Polish Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia pl

Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kurъ.

Noun

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kur m animal (diminutive kurek)

  1. (literary) rooster
    Synonyms: kogut, kokot
  2. a sculpin of the genera Myoxocephalus or Taurulus
Declension
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Declension of kur
singular plural
nominative kur kury
genitive kura kurów
dative kurowi kurom
accusative kura kury
instrumental kurem kurami
locative kurze kurach
vocative kurze kury
Derived terms
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noun

Etymology 2

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(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.) Cognates include Russian корь (korʹ) and Ukrainian кір (kir).

Alternative forms

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Noun

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kur m inan

  1. (obsolete) rubella, German measles (disease caused by Rubella virus)
    Synonym: różyczka
Declension
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Declension of kur
singular
nominative kur
genitive kuru
dative kurowi
accusative kur
instrumental kurem
locative kurze
vocative kurze

Etymology 3

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See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Noun

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kur f pl

  1. genitive plural of kura

Further reading

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Sumerian

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Romanization

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kur

  1. Romanization of 𒆳 (kur)

Swedish

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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Borrowed from Middle Low German kūr, related to kūren (origin of German kauern and English cower).

Noun

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kur c

  1. a small shed or roof, a shelter or sentry-box
Declension
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Declension of kur
nominative genitive
singular indefinite kur kurs
definite kuren kurens
plural indefinite kurer kurers
definite kurerna kurernas
Declension of kur
nominative genitive
singular indefinite kur kurs
definite kuren kurens
plural indefinite kurar kurars
definite kurarna kurarnas
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Etymology 2

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From Latin cura.

Noun

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kur c

  1. a cure (for a disease), a remedy, a treatment
Declension
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Declension of kur
nominative genitive
singular indefinite kur kurs
definite kuren kurens
plural indefinite kurer kurers
definite kurerna kurernas
Derived terms
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See also
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References

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Tat

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Etymology

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Cognate with Persian کور (kur).

Adjective

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kur

  1. blind

Turkish

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Etymology 1

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Borrowed from French cours.

Noun

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kur (definite accusative kuru, plural kurlar)

  1. exchange rate
  2. course (learning program)
Declension
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Inflection
Nominative kur
Definite accusative kuru
Singular Plural
Nominative kur kurlar
Definite accusative kuru kurları
Dative kura kurlara
Locative kurda kurlarda
Ablative kurdan kurlardan
Genitive kurun kurların
Possessive forms
Nominative
Singular Plural
1st singular kurum kurlarım
2nd singular kurun kurların
3rd singular kuru kurları
1st plural kurumuz kurlarımız
2nd plural kurunuz kurlarınız
3rd plural kurları kurları
Definite accusative
Singular Plural
1st singular kurumu kurlarımı
2nd singular kurunu kurlarını
3rd singular kurunu kurlarını
1st plural kurumuzu kurlarımızı
2nd plural kurunuzu kurlarınızı
3rd plural kurlarını kurlarını
Dative
Singular Plural
1st singular kuruma kurlarıma
2nd singular kuruna kurlarına
3rd singular kuruna kurlarına
1st plural kurumuza kurlarımıza
2nd plural kurunuza kurlarınıza
3rd plural kurlarına kurlarına
Locative
Singular Plural
1st singular kurumda kurlarımda
2nd singular kurunda kurlarında
3rd singular kurunda kurlarında
1st plural kurumuzda kurlarımızda
2nd plural kurunuzda kurlarınızda
3rd plural kurlarında kurlarında
Ablative
Singular Plural
1st singular kurumdan kurlarımdan
2nd singular kurundan kurlarından
3rd singular kurundan kurlarından
1st plural kurumuzdan kurlarımızdan
2nd plural kurunuzdan kurlarınızdan
3rd plural kurlarından kurlarından
Genitive
Singular Plural
1st singular kurumun kurlarımın
2nd singular kurunun kurlarının
3rd singular kurunun kurlarının
1st plural kurumuzun kurlarımızın
2nd plural kurunuzun kurlarınızın
3rd plural kurlarının kurlarının

Etymology 2

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Verb

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kur

  1. second-person singular imperative of kurmak
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