Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/gověti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰow-, from the root *gʷʰew-.

Cognate with Latin faveō (“to favor, to show mercy”) (infinitive favēre), Old Norse gá (“to pay attention, to respect, to revere”), gaumr (“attention”), Gothic 𐌲𐌰𐌿𐌼𐌾𐌰𐌽 (gaumjan, “to notice, to pay attention”). Also cognate with Lithuanian govė́ti (“to fast”), Latvian gavêt (“to fast”), but (per Derksen) both are borrowings from East Slavic.

Verb

*gově̀ti impf

1. to revere, to fast

Usage notes

Per Chernykh, the semantic development was "to show respect" > "to revere" > to "refrain" (from food, etc.) > "to fast".

Inflection

Conjugation of *gověti, *gově, *govějetь (impf., -ě-, s-aorist, accent paradigm a)

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*gověnьje	*gověti	*govětъ	*govělъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*gověnъ	*govějemъ
Active	*gověvъ	*gověję

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*gověxъ	*gově	*gově	*govějǫ	*gověješi	*govějetь
Dual	*gověxově	*gověsta	*gověste	*govějevě	*govějeta	*govějete
Plural	*gověxomъ	*gověste	*gověšę	*govějemъ	*govějete	*govějǫtь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*gověaxъ	*gověaše	*gověaše	—	*gověji	*gověji
Dual	*gověaxově	*gověašeta	*gověašete	*govějivě	*govějita	—
Plural	*gověaxomъ	*gověašete	*gověaxǫ	*govějimъ	*govějite	—

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: говѣти (gověti)
    • Belarusian: гаве́ць (havjécʹ)
    • Russian: гове́ть (govétʹ)
    • Ukrainian: гові́ти (hovíty)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Cyrillic: говѣти (gověti)

    Glagolitic: [Term?]

  • Bulgarian: гове́я (govéja)
  • Macedonian: гувее (guvee)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: го̀вјети

    Latin script: gòvjeti

• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: hověti
    • Czech: hovět
  • Slovak: hovieť
  • Sorbian:
    • Upper Sorbian: howić

Further reading

• Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993) “гове́ть”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volume 1 (а – пантомима), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 197
• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1980), “*gověti”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 7 (*golvačь – *gyžati), Moscow: Nauka, page 72
• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “гове́ть”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress