Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/raupijaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From the same Proto-Indo-European root as *reufaną (“to tear, rip, pluck”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈrɑu̯.pi.jɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*raupijaną

to pluck, rip, pull off

Inflection

Conjugation of *raupijaną (weak class 1)

present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
	active voice			passive voice
1st singular	*raupijō	*raupijaų	—	*raupijai	?
2nd singular	*raupīsi	*raupijais	*raupī	*raupijasai	*raupijaisau
3rd singular	*raupīþi	*raupijai	*raupijaþau	*raupijaþai	*raupijaiþau
1st dual	*raupijōs	*raupijaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*raupijaþiz	*raupijaiþiz	*raupijaþiz	—	—
1st plural	*raupijamaz	*raupijaim	—	*raupijanþai	*raupijainþau
2nd plural	*raupīþ	*raupijaiþ	*raupīþ	*raupijanþai	*raupijainþau
3rd plural	*raupijanþi	*raupijain	*raupijanþau	*raupijanþai	*raupijainþau

past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*raupidǭ	*raupidēdį̄
2nd singular	*raupidēz	*raupidēdīz
3rd singular	*raupidē	*raupidēdī
1st dual	*raupidēdū	*raupidēdīw
2nd dual	*raupidēdudiz	*raupidēdīdiz
1st plural	*raupidēdum	*raupidēdīm
2nd plural	*raupidēdud	*raupidēdīd
3rd plural	*raupidēdun	*raupidēdīn

	present	past
participles	*raupijandz	*raupidaz

Derived terms

*ruppōną

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *raupijan
- Old English: rīepan, rȳpan (“to rip, tear; pillage, plunder”)
  - Middle English: ripen, rupen, rippen, rypen
- Old Saxon: *rōpian
  - Middle Low German: rôpen
    - German Low German: röpen
- Old Dutch: *roupen, *rōpen
  - Middle Dutch: ropen
    - Dutch: ropen (dialectal)
- Old High German: roufen, rouffen
  - Middle High German: roufen, röufen, reufen
    - German: raufen
Gothic: 𐍂𐌰𐌿𐍀𐌾𐌰𐌽 (raupjan, “to pluck, rip”)
- → Old Galician-Portuguese: roupa
  - Galician: roupa
  - Portuguese: roupa
- → Spanish: ropa