Utena (ⓘ, German: Utenen) is a city in north-east Lithuania. It is the administrative center of Utena district and Utena County. Utena is one of the oldest settlements of Lithuania. The name of the city is most probably derived from a hydronym.[1] The name of the settlement has been known since 1261.[1][2][3][4]
Utena | |
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City | |
Aerial view of Utena Church of the Ascension of Christ Church of the Providence of God Museum of Freedom Fights at the former railway station Department of Visual Arts of the Utena Art School Musical fountains at Lake Dauniškis and memorial for the Lithuanian partisans in the background at center | |
 Flag .svg) Coat of arms | |
  Utena Location of Utena in Lithuania  Utena Location of Utena within the Baltics  Utena Location of Utena in Europe | |
| Coordinates: 55°30′N 25°36′E / 55.500°N 25.600°E | |
| Country |  Lithuania |
| Ethnographic region | Aukštaitija |
| County |  Utena County |
| Municipality | Utena district municipality |
| Eldership | Utena town eldership |
| Capital of | Utena district municipality Utena town eldership Utena rural eldership |
| First mentioned | 1261 |
| Granted city rights | 1599 |
| Government | |
| • Mayor | Marijus Kaukėnas |
| Area | |
• City | 15.3 km2 (5.9 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 113 m (371 ft) |
| Population (2020) | |
• City | 25,397 |
| • Density | 1,700/km2 (4,300/sq mi) |
| • Metro | 48,378 |
| Demonym(s) | Utenian(s) (English) uteniškiai (Lithuanian) |
| Time zone | UTC+2 (EET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+3 (EEST) |
| Postal code | 28xxx |
| Area code | (+370) 389 |
| Website | utena |
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Utena is an industrial city. It is known for its clothing, food and beverage factories. In recent years, however, streets, public squares and large areas of the parks in the city were reconstructed and Utena is now more attractive for recreation and tourism.
The anniversary of Utena City had been held each year on the last weekend of September. Since 2013 the anniversary has been held on the first weekend of September to take advantage of better weather conditions.
History
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Utena was first mentioned in historical documents dating back to 1261. The settlement was a major center of Nalšia. It was part of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania until 1795, when it fell under the Russian Empire rule. From 1802 it belonged to the Vilna Governorate until 1843 when it became a part of the Kovno Governorate. The town grew rapidly after the St.Petersburg-Warsaw road was constructed between 1830 and 1835.[5] In 1835–1836, the Utena Postage Station for horse post with lodging houses and stables was constructed, which was used or passed by the Russian tsars, French writer Honoré de Balzac, Russian painter Ilya Repin, Lithuanian poet Antanas Baranauskas, Lithuanian national movement figure Jonas Basanavičius, etc.[5] In 1899 a narrow gauge railway line, connecting Panevėžys-Utena-Švenčionys, was constructed. At the end of the 19th century two big fires devastated the town.
Germany occupied Utena from 1915 to 1918, until the Soviet Bolsheviks took over. Following the defeat of Soviets, in June 1919, Utena became a district center in independent Lithuania.[6]
Utena, known as the shtetl Utyan in Yiddish, historically had a Jewish population. In 1941, approximately 2,000 Jews were rounded up in the town, which was then under the Nazi occupation, and shot in the Rašė Forest about 2 km (1.2 mi) to the north.[7]
Demography
editPopulation
editAccording to the 2021 census, the city population was 25,343 people, of which:[8]
- Lithuanians – 95.61% (24,232)
- Russians – 2.20% (558)
- Poles – 0.63% (160)
- Ukrainians – 0.17% (42)
- Belarusians – 0.15% (37)
- Others / did not specify – 1.26% (320)
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| Source: [9][10] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Geography
editUtena is located in northeastern Lithuania. The city covers 15.1 km2 and is the eighth-largest city by area in Lithuania. Four rivers cross the city territory: Vyžuona, Krašuona, Vieša and Utenėlė. There are also two lakes in Utena, Dauniškis and Vyžuonaitis.
Districts
editThe city is divided into 10 districts:
- Aukštakalnis
- Ąžuolija
- Centras (Center)
- Dauniškis
- Pramonės rajonas (Industrial district)
- Rašė
- Vyturiai
- Šilinė
- Grybeliai
- Krašuona
Parks and gardens
edit- City Garden
- Vyžuona Park
- Dauniškis Park
- Krašuona Park
- Aukštakalnis Pine Forest
- Rašė Park
- Utenėlė Park
- Vieša Park
- Monkey park
Climate
editUnder the Köppen climate classification, Utena has a humid continental climate (Dfb). The lowest temperature ever recorded in Lithuania occurred in Utena: −42.9 °C (−45.2 °F) on 1 February 1956.[11]
| Climate data for Utena (1961−1990 normals, extremes 1925−1990) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 7.7 (45.9) |
13.3 (55.9) |
19.5 (67.1) |
26.8 (80.2) |
30.8 (87.4) |
31.7 (89.1) |
34.4 (93.9) |
32.0 (89.6) |
28.4 (83.1) |
23.4 (74.1) |
15.9 (60.6) |
10.5 (50.9) |
34.4 (93.9) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −3.2 (26.2) |
−2.0 (28.4) |
2.9 (37.2) |
10.5 (50.9) |
18.0 (64.4) |
21.2 (70.2) |
22.3 (72.1) |
21.5 (70.7) |
16.3 (61.3) |
10.3 (50.5) |
3.7 (38.7) |
−0.9 (30.4) |
10.0 (50.1) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −6.0 (21.2) |
−5.2 (22.6) |
−1.2 (29.8) |
5.5 (41.9) |
12.2 (54.0) |
15.6 (60.1) |
16.8 (62.2) |
15.9 (60.6) |
11.4 (52.5) |
6.6 (43.9) |
1.4 (34.5) |
−3.2 (26.2) |
5.8 (42.5) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −9.1 (15.6) |
−8.7 (16.3) |
−4.8 (23.4) |
1.2 (34.2) |
6.5 (43.7) |
9.9 (49.8) |
11.5 (52.7) |
10.8 (51.4) |
7.3 (45.1) |
3.3 (37.9) |
−0.9 (30.4) |
−6.1 (21.0) |
1.7 (35.1) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −38.9 (−38.0) |
−42.9 (−45.2) |
−33.7 (−28.7) |
−17.6 (0.3) |
−4.6 (23.7) |
−1.5 (29.3) |
3.7 (38.7) |
−0.1 (31.8) |
−5.2 (22.6) |
−13.2 (8.2) |
−20.0 (−4.0) |
−31.3 (−24.3) |
−42.9 (−45.2) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 39 (1.5) |
31 (1.2) |
37 (1.5) |
47 (1.9) |
53 (2.1) |
69 (2.7) |
73 (2.9) |
75 (3.0) |
66 (2.6) |
50 (2.0) |
57 (2.2) |
53 (2.1) |
650 (25.7) |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 34.9 | 63.6 | 140.2 | 206.8 | 259.8 | 263.1 | 251.1 | 231.8 | 160.9 | 92.5 | 25.6 | 20.4 | 1,750.7 |
| Source 1: NOAA[12] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: infoclimat.fr (sunshine 1991–2020)[13][better source needed] | |||||||||||||
Sport
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FK Utenis Utena plays in A Lyga and BC Juventus plays in LKL.
Hometown of Jonas Valančiūnas of the New Orleans Pelicans.
Aidenas Malašinskas is the best handball player in Lithuania (2019, 2021).
Twin towns – sister cities
edit
Gallery
edit-
Dauniškis Lake, 2015 -
Lake Dauniškis, 2020 -
View of a pond -
Church of the Old Believers -
Utena City Council -
Memorial for the Lithuanian partisans -
Museum of local history -
Museum exposition in the city square
References
edit- ^ a b "Utenos Enciklopedija (English summary)". Utenos Enciklopedija. Utenos A. ir M. Miškinių viešoji biblioteka. 2002. Retrieved 30 June 2008.
- ^ "Utena". Visuotinė lietuvių enciklopedija (in Lithuanian). Retrieved 23 December 2023.
- ^ "Utena County - Geography and history". circabc.europa.eu. Retrieved 23 December 2023.
- ^ "Utenos krašto enciklopedija". Utenos A ir M. Miškinių viešoji biblioteka. Retrieved 23 December 2023.
- ^ a b "Muziejus Utenos Senajame pašte". Utenainfo.lt (in Lithuanian). Retrieved 19 November 2024.
- ^ "Utena (Utyan)".
- ^ "During World war II and afterwards".
- ^ "Gyventojų skaičius" [Population]. State Data Agency of Lithuania. Archived from the original on 3 July 2023. Retrieved 3 July 2023.
- ^ "Gyventojų skaičius Utenos apskrityje ir savivaldybėse 2005 - 2009 metų pradžioje". Department of Statistics to the Government of the Republic of Lithuania. 2009. Archived from the original on 22 July 2011. Retrieved 29 March 2009.
- ^ "Gyventojų skaičius metų pradžioje. Požymiai: miestas - Rodiklių duomenų bazėje". Department of Statistics to the Government of the Republic of Lithuania. 2009. Archived from the original on 20 July 2011. Retrieved 1 January 2010.
- ^ "Meteorologiniai rekordai Lietuvoje" [Meteorological records in Lithuania]. Lietuvos hidrometeorologijos tarnyba. Archived from the original on 22 May 2023. Retrieved 3 July 2023.
- ^ "Nida Climate Normals 1961–1990". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved 27 March 2023.
- ^ "Normales et records pour la période 1991-2020 à Utena". infoclimat.fr. Retrieved 18 February 2022.
- ^ "Tarptautiniai ryšiai". utena.lt (in Lithuanian). Utena. Retrieved 23 March 2021.
External links
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