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In the United Kingdom, the four most senior government positions (collectively known as the Great Offices of State) are (in order of traditional seniority): the Prime Minister, who runs the government; the Chancellor of the Exchequer, who manages the nations finances; the Foreign Secretary, who is responsible for the United Kingdom's foreign policy; and the Home Secretary, who has responsibilities including but not limited to: security, law and order, immigration and (until 2007) prisons. Although the specific titles and responsibilities of the positions have changed slightly since their formations, the offices have existed in unbroken succession since 1782 (when the Foreign Office and Home Office were created) and the position of Prime Minister dates back to 1721 (with the role of Chancellor of the Exchequer going back much further). There follows a list of the holders of these offices alongside the monarch who appointed them.
Lord High Treasurers (c. 1126 - 1216)
editThe office of Lord High Treasurer was a very ancient one and in it lies the origins of that of the Prime Minister.
Monarch | Lord High Treasurer | |
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Henry I 5 August 1100 – 1 December 1135 |
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Nigel c. 1126 –1133 | ||
Stephen 22 December 1135 – 25 October 1154 |
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Adelelm c. 1136 –1139 | ||
Henry II 19 December 1154 – 6 July 1189 |
Nigel 1154 –1158 | |
Richard FitzNeal c. 1158 –1196 | ||
Richard I 3 September 1189 – 6 April 1199 |
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William of Ely 1196 –August 1215 | ||
John 27 May 1199 – October 1216 |
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Lord High Treasurers, Chancellors of the Exchequer and Secretaries of State (1216 - 1645)
editDuring the reign of Henry III there exist the first evidence of the existence of a Chancellor of the Exchequer and of a Secretary of State (which would later evolve into both the Foreign and Home Secretariats).
Monarch | Lord High Treasurer | Chancellor of the Exchequer |
Secretary of State | |
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Henry III 28 October 1216 – 16 November 1272 |
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Eustace of Fauconberg 4 November 1217 – October 1228 | ||||
Eustace of Fauconberg c. 1221 –Unknown | ||||
Walter Mauclerk 13 November 1228 – 14 January 1233 | ||||
Peter de Rivaux 14 January 1233 – 1 June 1234 | ||||
Hugh de Pateshull 1 June 1234 – March 1240 |
John Maunsell c. 1234 –Unknown | |||
William Haverhill March 1240 – 23 August 1252 | ||||
Ralph de Leicester Unknown –1248 | ||||
Edward of Westminster 1248 –Unknown | ||||
Philip Lovel 27 August 1952 – October 1258 | ||||
John Maunsell 1253 –c. 1263 | ||||
Albric de Fiscamp Unknown –1263 | ||||
John Crakehall 2 November 1258 – 10 September 1260 | ||||
John of Caux 28 October 1260 – March 1263 | ||||
Nicholas of Ely 6 May 1263 – 19 July 1263 |
John Chishull 1263 –1265 |
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Henry July 1263 –November 1263 | ||||
John Chishull (Acting) November 1263 | ||||
Roger de la Leye (Acting) 30 November 1263 – 3 November 1264 | ||||
Henry 3 November 1264 –1265 | ||||
Thomas Wymondham 23 October 1265 – 6 February 1270 |
Walter Giffard 1265 –1266 | |||
Godfrey Giffard 1266 –1268 | ||||
John Chishull 1268 –1269 | ||||
Richard Middleton 1269 –1272 | ||||
John Chishull 6 February 1270 – 9 June 1271 | ||||
Philip of Eye 16 October 1271 – 2 October 1273 | ||||
Prime Ministers, Chancellors of the Exchequer, Foreign Secretaries and Home Secretaries (1782 - Present)
editMonarch | Prime Minister | Chancellor of the Exchequer | Foreign Secretary | Home Secretary | |||||||||
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George III 25 October 1760 – 29 January 1820 |
Charles Watson-Wentworth 27 March 1782 – 1 July 1782 |
John Cavendish 27 March 1782 – 10 July 1782 |
Charles James Fox 27 March 1782 – 5 July 1782 |
William Petty 27 March 1782 – 10 July 1782 |
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William Petty 4 July 1782 – 26 March 1783 |
William Pitt the Younger 10 July 1782 – 31 March 1783 |
Thomas Robinson 13 July 1782 – 2 April 1783 |
Thomas Townshend 10 July 1782 – 2 April 1783 |
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William Cavendish-Bentinck 2 April 1783 – 18 December 1783 |
John Cavendish 2 April 1783 – 19 December 1783 |
Charles James Fox 2 April 1783 – 19 December 1783 |
Frederick North 2 April 1783 – 19 December 1783 |
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William Pitt the Younger 19 December 1783 – 14 March 1801 |
William Pitt the Younger 19 December 1783 – 1 January 1801 |
George Nugent-Temple-Grenville 19 December 1783 – 23 December 1783 |
George Nugent-Temple-Grenville 19 December 1783 – 23 December 1783 |
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Francis Osborne 23 December 1783 – May 1791 |
Thomas Townshend 23 December 1783 – 5 June 1789 |
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William Grenville 5 June 1789 – 8 June 1791 |
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William Grenville 8 June 1791 – 20 February 1801 |
Henry Dundas 8 June 1791 – 11 July 1794 |
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William Cavendish-Bentinck 11 July 1794 – 30 July 1801 |
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Henry Addington 17 March 1801 – 10 May 1804 |
Henry Addington 17 March 1801 – 10 May 1804 |
Robert Jenkinson 20 February 1801 – 14 May 1804 |
Thomas Pelham 30 July 1801 – 17 August 1803 |
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Charles Philip Yorke 17 August 1803 – 12 May 1804 |
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William Pitt the Younger 10 May 1804 – 23 January 1806 |
William Pitt the Younger 10 May 1804 – 23 January 1806 |
Dudley Ryder 14 May 1804 – 11 January 1805 |
Robert Jenkinson 12 May 1804 – 5 February 1806 |
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Henry Phipps 11 January 1805 – 7 February 1806 |
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William Grenville 11 February 1806 – 25 March 1807 |
Henry Petty-Fitzmaurice 5 February 1806 – 26 March 1807 |
Charles James Fox 7 February 1806 – 13 September 1806 |
George Spencer 5 February 1806 – 25 March 1807 |
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Charles Grey 24 September 1806 – 25 March 1807 |
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William Cavendish-Bentinck 31 March 1807 – 4 Octobober 1809 |
Spencer Perceval 26 March 1807 – 11 May 1812 |
George Canning 25 March 1807 – 11 October 1809 |
Robert Jenkinson 25 March 1807 – 1 November 1809 |
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Spencer Perceval 4 October 1809 – 11 May 1812 |
Henry Bathurst 11 October 1809 – 6 December 1809 |
Richard Ryder 1 November 1809 – 8 June 1812 |
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Richard Wellesley 6 December 1809 – 4 March 1812 |
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Robert Stewart 4 March 1812 – 12 August 1822 |
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Robert Jenkinson 8 June 1812 – 9 April 1827 |
Nicholas Vansittart 12 May 1812 – 31 January 1823 |
Henry Addington 8 June 1812 – 17 January 1822 |
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George IV 29 January 1820 – 26 June 1830 |
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Robert Peel 17 January 1822 – 10 April 1827 |
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George Canning 13 September 1822 – 20 April 1827 |
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F. J. Robinson 31 January 1823 – 20 April 1827 |
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George Canning 12 April 1827 – 8 August 1827 |
George Canning 10 April 1827 – 8 August 1827 |
John Ward 30 April 1827 – 2 June 1828 |
William Sturges Bourne 30 April 1827 – 16 July 1827 |
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F. J. Robinson 31 August 1827 – 21 January 1828 |
John Charles Herries 3 September 1827 – 25 January 1828 |
Henry Petty-Fitzmaurice 16 July 1827 – 22 January 1828 |
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Arthur Wellesley 22 January 1828 – 16 November 1830 |
Henry Goulburn 26 January 1828 – 22 November 1830 |
Robert Peel 26 January 1828 – 22 November 1830 |
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George Hamilton-Gordon 2 June 1828 – 22 November 1830 |
References
edithttps://www.gov.uk/government/history/past-prime-ministers
https://www.gov.uk/government/history/past-chancellors
https://www.gov.uk/government/history/past-foreign-secretaries
https://www.nndb.com/gov/326/000048182/