Tommy Tallarico (born 1967 or 1968)[1] is an American video game music composer, sound designer, and television producer. Since the 1990s, he has helmed audio production for numerous video games through his self-titled company.[2] He co-hosted the television series Electric Playground and Reviews on the Run from 1997 until 2006.[3] In 2002, he created Video Games Live (VGL), a global video game music orchestra.
Tommy Tallarico | |
---|---|
Background information | |
Born | 1967 or 1968 (age 56–57) Springfield, Massachusetts, U.S. |
Genres | |
Occupations |
|
Instrument | Electric guitar |
Years active | 1991–2022 |
Member of | Video Games Live |
Website | tallarico |
In 2018, after he became the president of Intellivision Entertainment, the company began work on and sought investors for an original video game console named the Intellivision Amico, for which Tallarico was frequently present in pitch videos. He has since stepped down from his position as CEO but remains on the company's board as president. As of 2024[update] the console has yet to be released. In 2020, it came to Tallarico's attention that a sound effect he owned, by then widely known as the "Roblox oof", was used in the video game Roblox. This led to a legal dispute which ended in 2022 with the removal of the sound effect from the game. Later in 2022, a video essay by British YouTuber Harry "Hbomberguy" Brewis documented an investigation into many disputed high-profile claims that Tallarico had made concerning his career, including his alleged involvement in creating the "oof" sound.
Early life
Tommy Tallarico grew up in Springfield, Massachusetts, later attending Cathedral High School.[4][5] He told The Washington Post in an interview he would take his father's tape recorder to the arcade to record songs as a child.[6] After graduating high school, Tallarico attended Western New England University for a year.[5] According to the Los Angeles Times, Tallarico moved to Southern California in 1991 to try and obtain a job in the video game industry.[7] Tallarico took a job as a keyboard salesman at a Guitar Center in Santa Ana, California.[5] On his first day, Tallarico met an executive from Virgin Mastertronic. Shortly after, Tallarico was given a job at Virgin as one of their play-testers.[7]
Career
Tallarico's first musical project at Virgin Interactive was for the Game Boy version of Prince of Persia. "The main focus of writing video game music back then was it had to be simple and have a great melody," Tallarico said.[5] Tallarico worked on a number of other games while at Virgin Interactive, including the Sega CD version of The Terminator.[8]
Tommy Tallarico Studios
Tallarico continued working with Virgin Interactive as head of music and video division until 1994, when he went on to found Tommy Tallarico Studios. David Perry formed Shiny Entertainment at the same time, and the two studios collaborated on Earthworm Jim and MDK.[9] In 2005, Tallarico wrote part of an orchestral score for Advent Rising performed by the Mormon Tabernacle Choir.[10]
In September 1999, the "oof" sound effect was created for the game Messiah during its development, with the involvement of sound designer Joey Kuras (then employed at Tallarico Studios) and, potentially, Tallarico.[11][12] Tallarico has at times claimed that Kuras created the sound, that it was a collaboration between the pair, and that he created it himself.[12][13] The sound effect was subsequently used in Roblox from 2006 to 2020, played after a character died in-game, and became an iconic part of the game after its adoption by meme culture.[14] Tallarico, who claims ownership of the sound, disputed Roblox's use of it in June 2019.[15] This dispute ended in July 2022 when the Roblox Corporation pulled the sound from all games on its platform.[16]
Television
In 1997, Victor Lucas, founder of the Electric Playground, started Electric Playground TV with Tallarico, which provided gaming news and reviews. In 2002, the reviews section of Electric Playground, Reviews on the Run, was spun-off into its own program, which Tallarico and Lucas hosted as well. In the U.S., Reviews on the Run was broadcast on G4 TV as Judgment Day.[17][18] In 2006, Tallarico began to spend less time on the show owing to other projects, missing almost all of 2007 and 2008. In 2009, Scott Jones took over his spot as full-time co-host with Victor Lucas.[19][20]
Music concerts
In 2002, Tallarico co-founded Video Games Live, a symphony orchestra concert series that plays music from video games, with Jack Wall.[21] Tallarico hosted and played guitar for the shows. He also created the visuals—scenes from video games, as well as lights and lasers—that are played in sync with the music.[22][23]
Tallarico has produced seven VGL albums. The first album, Video Games Live Volume 1, debuted at No. 10 on Billboard Top 10 for Classical Music Crossovers.[24] The second volume, Level 2, also sold as a Blu-ray DVD concert, debuted at No. 8 on the same Billboard list.[25] In August 2013, Tallarico also opened a crowdfunding campaign for the third album Level 3 on Kickstarter.[26] According to Tallarico, Kickstarter was chosen as the means to fund the album because he had not been successful in attracting support from the recording industry, which he claimed was because music producers "don't think gamers are willing to pay for music"[27] and did not recognize the perceived "culturally artistic significance" of video game soundtracks.[26] The Level 3 campaign successfully met and surpassed its goal of $250,000.[28]
In 2014, Tallarico and electronic dance music artist BT began working on Electronic Opus. As with Video Games Live, Electronic Opus presents EDM music alongside a symphony orchestra. They used Kickstarter to fund an album, with a goal of $200,000. The show opened at the Miami Winter Music Conference in 2015.[29][30] In 2016, Tallarico co-produced the Capcom Live! concert tour with Shota Nakama.[31][32]
In 2024, Tallarico was accused of selling music arrangements from Video Games Live concerts that he did not own the rights to.[33]
Intellivision Entertainment
Following the death of Keith Robinson in 2017, founder of Intellivision Productions, Tallarico purchased a stake in the company from the estate. In May 2018, Intellivision Entertainment was re-formed with him as president. In the winter of that year, he announced the intent for the company to release the Intellivision Amico with the target of October 2020.[34] As of July 2022, it is reportedly still being worked on.[35]
As of September 2022, the Amico has been delayed at least three times.[36] The console has been viewed very negatively by critics, drawing criticism for its delays,[37] fundraising tactics,[38] and use of NFTs.[39] The status of the console has been described as "grim" by TechRaptor[40] and compared to a car crash by Kotaku.[41]
In February 2022, Tallarico stepped down from his role as CEO of Intellivision, remaining on board as the company's president and largest shareholder. He was replaced by the company's former chief revenue officer Phil Adam.[42] As of May 2024, the Amico has not been released.[43]
Game Audio Network Guild
In 2002, Tallarico founded the Game Audio Network Guild (G.A.N.G.), a non-profit to recognize achievements in video game music and audio,[44] and served as its CEO and chairman of the board.[45] The guild hosts annual awards for achievement in game audio.[46]
Misleading claims
In November 2022, British YouTuber Harry "Hbomberguy" Brewis published a video essay which documented many of the high-profile claims that Tallarico had made concerning his career—including the number of video games he worked on, the number of Guinness World Records he earned, being the creator of the "oof" sound effect in his Roblox legal dispute, and being the first American to work on the Sonic the Hedgehog franchise—and concluded many were either exaggerations or knowingly false.[12][47][48]
Personal life
Tallarico is vegan, and advocates for People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals, including donating music for the PETA browser game Super Tofu Boy in 2010.[49]
According to the LA Times, his home in San Juan Capistrano "looks as if a 12-year-old with a huge bank account went wild", including a life-size Indiana Jones, several Star Wars characters, and a statue of Merlin.[50] Tallarico has falsely claimed that the house had at one point been featured on MTV Cribs.[12][47][51][52] In February 2024, he listed it for sale for $2,999,000;[53] in October of the same year, real estate broker Redfin marked the house as having been sold.[54]
Video games
Tommy Tallarico
Year | Title | Role(s) | Notes | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|
1991 | Chuck Rock | Testing | [55] | |
Robin Hood: Prince of Thieves | Quality assurance | Game Boy version | [56] | |
1992 | Prince of Persia | Music and SFX | [47] | |
Jeep Jamboree: Off Road Adventure | Game Boy version | [57] | ||
Greg Norman's Golf Power | Product manager, assistant manual editor | [58] | ||
M.C. Kids | Quality assurance | [59] | ||
Mick & Mack As The Global Gladiators | Music, sound FX and samples | Sega Genesis version | [60] | |
Batman: Revenge of the Joker | Music and sound | [61] | ||
1993 | Another World | [62] | ||
The Terminator | Director of music and FX | With Brad Fiedel, Bijan Shaheer, Joey Kuras and TeknoMan of Teknologic | [63] | |
Cool Spot | Music, SFX and samples | Sega Genesis and Super NES versions | [64][65] | |
RoboCop versus The Terminator | Director of music and FX | Sega Genesis version | [66] | |
Color a Dinosaur | Music and sound | [67] | ||
Super Slap Shot | [68] | |||
1994 | Disney's Aladdin | Music | With Donald Griffn and Alan Menken | [69] |
Earthworm Jim: Special Edition | Music and SFX | With Mark Miller | [47] | |
The Jungle Book | Director of music and FX | With several others | [70] | |
1995 | Madden NFL 96 | Music and sound | [71] | |
Earthworm Jim 2 | Music and sound | With Tony Bernetich and Christopher Beck | [72] | |
Jim Lee's WildC.A.T.S: Covert Action Teams | Music and sound | [73] | ||
1997 | The 7th Guest | Sound | With Steve Henifin | [74] |
2000 | Messiah | Music and sound effects | With Jesper Kyd and Joey Kuras | [13] |
Spider-Man | Music | With Howard Ulyate | [75] | |
Sacrifice | Sound effects | With Joey Kuras | [76] | |
Evil Dead: Hail to the King | Music composer, producer and audio production coordinator | With Todd Dennis, Chris Rickwood, and Jack Wall as well as Forte Music | [77] | |
2003 | Black & Bruised | Voice over producer | [78] | |
Devastation | Additional tracks | [79] | ||
Fugitive Hunter: War on Terror | Contributed songs | [80] | ||
SpyHunter 2 | Cinematic sound design & composition | With Joey Kuras & Howard Ulyate | [81] | |
2004 | The Bard's Tale | Music, lyrics, sound design | With various others | [82] |
The X-Files: Resist or Serve | Audio director | [83] | ||
2005 | Advent Rising | [84] | ||
2006 | Snoopy vs. the Red Baron | Music and sound design | With Joey Kuras and Scott Ligon | [85] |
Pac-Man World Rally | Score | With Joey Kuras | [86] | |
2009 | Sonic and the Black Knight | Music, arrangements | With Howard Drossin, Richard Jacques, Jun Senoue and others | [47] |
2010 | Flip's Twisted World | Audio design | With Joey Kuras | [87] |
Super Tofu Boy | Music donation | [49] |
Tommy Tallarico Studios
Year | Title | Role(s) | Staff credited and other people involved | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|
1996 | Black Dawn | Music and sound effects | Todd Dennis | [88] |
Skeleton Warriors | Music and FX | Todd Dennis, Jean-Christoph Beck, and Eric Swanson | [89] | |
1998 | Apocalypse | In-game sound effects and cut-scene audio | [90] | |
1999 | Redline | Music | [91] | |
Knockout Kings 2000 | Sound design | Joey Kuras | [92] | |
Tomorrow Never Dies | Music and sound FX | [93] | ||
Unreal Mission Pack I: Return to Na Pali | Sound | Alexander Brandon and Eric Heberling | [94] | |
2000 | Spider-Man | Sound | Joey Kuras | [75] |
2001 | Casper: Spirit Dimensions | Sound and voices | Joey Kuras | [95] |
2002 | Scooby-Doo! Night of 100 Frights | Music and sound FX | Joey Kuras (sound design) | [96] |
2003 | War of the Monsters | Sound FX | [97] | |
2004 | The Incredibles | Sound FX design | With Nathan Lee Smith | [98] |
The Bard's Tale | Audio | [82] | ||
Fugitive Hunter: War on Terror | Audio direction, sound FX | Joey Kuras | [80] | |
The X-Files: Resist or Serve | Sound design and foley | Joey Kuras (sound design), Mike Tallarico (voice over editing) | [83] | |
2005 | Advent Rising | Audio and score composition | Joey Kuras (sound design), Michael Richard Plowman, Emmanuel Fratianni | [84] |
2006 | Jaws: Unleashed | Music | [99] | |
Pac-Man World Rally | Music | [86] |
Albums
Year | Title | Notes | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|
1994 | Virgin Games Greatest Hits, Vol. 1 | Compilation of tracks from various games | [100] |
1996 | Games Greatest Hits, Vol. 2 | [101] | |
2006 | Earthworm Jim Anthology | Compilation of music from Earthworm Jim with remixes | [102] |
2011 | Play for Japan: The Album | Charity album. Tallarico contributed the song "Greater Lights" from Advent Rising. | [103][104] |
References
- ^ Schiesel, Seth (October 26, 2009). "Video Games (No Controller Needed)". The New York Times. The New York Times Company. Archived from the original on October 16, 2011. Retrieved November 19, 2024.
I'm 41 years old, and we're the first generation to grow up with video games and computers and MTV and the Internet...
- ^ Rivera, Kimberly (July 14, 2017). "Achievement Unlocked! Tommy Tallarico Presents Video Games Live". San Antonio Current. Archived from the original on March 1, 2019. Retrieved February 28, 2019.
- ^ "The Art of Video Games". Smithsonian American Art Museum. Archived from the original on June 29, 2017. Retrieved June 17, 2017.
- ^ McGrath, Carolee (May 16, 2017). "Video game industry icon and Cathedral graduate speaks to students at Pope Francis". iObserve.org. Archived from the original on February 4, 2024. Retrieved February 26, 2024.
- ^ a b c d "South County's Tommy Tallarico Creates Music and Art through Video Games". Dana Point Times. May 22, 2014. Archived from the original on July 27, 2022. Retrieved July 27, 2022.
- ^ McLaughlin, Moira E. (February 22, 2011). "Video Game Music as art?". Washington Post. Archived from the original on August 17, 2017. Retrieved June 17, 2017.
- ^ a b Huffstutter, P.J. (August 11, 1997). "Musician Is a Top Scorer for Video Games". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on July 27, 2022. Retrieved July 27, 2022.
- ^ Thomas, Sarah (July 27, 2015). "From Beethoven to bleeps and bloops: the symphony of video game soundtracks". Sydney Morning Herald. Archived from the original on August 12, 2017. Retrieved June 17, 2017.
- ^ Park, Brian (April 25, 2014). "The Maestro of Video Games". The Capistrano Dispatch. Archived from the original on August 17, 2017. Retrieved June 17, 2017.
- ^ Greene, David (May 29, 2009). "Video Game Music: Big Business, Big Money". Morning Edition. NPR. Archived from the original on May 22, 2018. Retrieved June 17, 2017.
- ^ Takahashi, Dean (November 10, 2020). "Tommy Tallarico settles copyright dispute with Roblox over 'oof' sound". VentureBeat. Archived from the original on February 5, 2023. Retrieved March 25, 2023.
- ^ a b c d Yarwood, Jack (November 18, 2022). "New Video Examines The Many Lofty Claims Of Tommy Tallarico". Time Extension. Archived from the original on November 20, 2022. Retrieved November 22, 2022.
- ^ a b Meers, Whitney (July 27, 2022). "Roblox's iconic 'oof' sound removed due to licensing". PCGamesN. Archived from the original on November 18, 2022. Retrieved November 18, 2022.
- ^ Beckhelling, Imogen (November 12, 2020). "Roblox will soon charge for the memey "oof" death noise". Rock, Paper, Shotgun. Archived from the original on October 16, 2022. Retrieved October 31, 2022.
- ^ Takahashi, Dean (June 22, 2019). "Roblox's famous 'oof' death sound allegedly came from a Tommy Tallarico game". VentureBeat. Archived from the original on November 19, 2022. Retrieved November 19, 2022.
- ^ Kennedy, Victoria (July 27, 2022). "Roblox has removed its "oof" sound of death". Eurogamer.net. Archived from the original on October 31, 2022. Retrieved October 31, 2022.
- ^ "Power Profiles". Nintendo Power. April 2010. Archived from the original on June 17, 2017. Retrieved June 17, 2017 – via videogameslive.
- ^ "Reviews on the Run". tv.com. Archived from the original on May 22, 2018. Retrieved June 17, 2017.
- ^ "Reviews on the Run Episode 647 on elecplay.com". Archived from the original on May 2, 2008.
- ^ The O, Larry. "Production Values: Games People Play". Electronic Musician. Archived from the original on August 17, 2017. Retrieved June 17, 2017.
- ^ Cocker, Guy. "Q&A: Video Games Live's Tommy Tallarico". GameSpot. Archived from the original on October 1, 2018. Retrieved June 17, 2017.
- ^ Schiesel, Seth (October 26, 2009). "Video Games (No Controller Needed)". New York Times. Archived from the original on June 16, 2017. Retrieved June 17, 2017.
- ^ Dring, Christopher. ""People thought I was insane" – The rise of Video Games Live". MCV. Archived from the original on September 3, 2016. Retrieved June 17, 2017.
- ^ Kuchera, Ben (August 2008). "Video Games Live album released, debuts at #10 on Billboard". Ars Technica. Archived from the original on August 17, 2017. Retrieved June 17, 2017.
- ^ Kollar, Phil. "Video Games Live: Level 2 Has A Strong Debut". gameinformer. Archived from the original on August 17, 2017. Retrieved June 17, 2017.
- ^ a b Chalk, Andy (August 14, 2013). "Video Games Live Kickstarts Level 3". Escapist Magazine. Archived from the original on April 9, 2014. Retrieved December 2, 2022.
- ^ Shearer, Stew (August 16, 2013). "Video Games Live Creator Talks Kickstarter". Escapist Magazine. Archived from the original on October 16, 2014. Retrieved December 2, 2022.
- ^ Shearer, Stew (September 12, 2013). "Video Games Live Level 3 Kickstarter Reaches Goal". The Escapist. Archived from the original on March 24, 2023. Retrieved March 24, 2023.
- ^ Takahashi, Dean (November 10, 2014). "'Video Games Live' producer Tommy Tallarico's new project is 'Electronic Opus'". VentureBeat. Archived from the original on September 4, 2017. Retrieved February 23, 2024.
- ^ Bein, Kat. "BT and Tommy Tallarico Announce Electronic Opus Dance Music Symphony for WMC 2015". Miami New Times. Archived from the original on March 24, 2023. Retrieved March 24, 2023.
- ^ Araujo, Yuri (March 22, 2016). "CAPCOM LIVE! concert tour starting in Boston on April 9th". Capcom News. Archived from the original on March 29, 2023. Retrieved March 23, 2023.
- ^ Makuch, Eddie (February 22, 2016). "Capcom "Rockestral" Concert Series Starts Next Month". GameSpot. Archived from the original on October 17, 2021. Retrieved March 23, 2023.
- ^ Extension, Time (April 7, 2024). "Musician Behind VGL's Zelda Medley Hints That Tommy Tallarico Is Selling Arrangements He Doesn't Own". Time Extension. Retrieved September 23, 2024.
- ^ Takahashi, Dean (May 29, 2018). "Intellivision lives: Tommy Tallarico will relaunch 1980s console". VentureBeat. Archived from the original on May 29, 2018. Retrieved May 29, 2018.
- ^ Kim, Matt (July 5, 2022). "Intellivision Amico Console Still in Development, CEO Says". IGN. Archived from the original on November 18, 2022. Retrieved November 20, 2022.
- ^ Fern, Austin (August 8, 2021). "The Intellivision Amico Has Been Delayed Once Again". COGconnected. Archived from the original on August 17, 2021. Retrieved September 22, 2021.
- ^ Takahashi, Dean (August 9, 2021). "Intellivision delays its Amico retro console launch yet again". VentureBeat. Archived from the original on January 10, 2022. Retrieved January 23, 2022.
- ^ Wales, Matt (March 1, 2022). "Intellivision cuts latest Amico fundraising campaign short, setting alarm bells ringing". Eurogamer. Archived from the original on March 9, 2022. Retrieved March 2, 2022.
- ^ Zwiezen, Zack (October 10, 2021). "Intellivision Is Selling NFT Games For A Console That Ain't Even Out Yet". Kotaku. Archived from the original on November 20, 2022. Retrieved November 20, 2022.
- ^ Allen, Joseph (August 8, 2022). "Leaked Intellivision Amico Documents Paint A Grim Picture". TechRaptor. Archived from the original on November 20, 2022. Retrieved November 20, 2022.
- ^ Zwiezen, Zack (September 18, 2021). "The New Gaming Console That's Become A Giant Car Crash, Explained". Kotaku. Archived from the original on July 4, 2022. Retrieved November 20, 2022.
- ^ Valentine, Rebekah (February 7, 2022). "Intellivision CEO Tommy Tallarico Steps Down". IGN. Archived from the original on September 29, 2022. Retrieved February 8, 2022.
- ^ McFerran, Damien (May 23, 2024). "Atari Purchases The Intellivision Brand, But Not The Delayed Amico Console". Time Extension. Retrieved June 29, 2024.
- ^ "Ambassador Award Archive". Game Developers Choice Awards. Archived from the original on December 2, 2022. Retrieved December 2, 2022.
- ^ Dobson, Jason. "G.A.N.G. Names New President, Tallarico As CEO". Game Developer. Archived from the original on April 4, 2024. Retrieved April 4, 2024.
- ^ "Game Audio Network Guild Announces Award Winners for 6th Annual G.A.N.G. Awards". IGN. February 29, 2008. Archived from the original on August 29, 2018. Retrieved February 26, 2024.
- ^ a b c d e Bevan, Rhiannon (February 13, 2023). "Tommy Tallarico Website Redirects To The Two Hour Video Taking Him Down". The Gamer. Archived from the original on March 22, 2023. Retrieved March 22, 2023.
- ^ Marshall, Cass (December 6, 2023). "Hbomberguy's 4-hour YouTube video about plagiarism set social media abuzz". Polygon. Retrieved June 28, 2024.
- ^ a b "Tommy Tallarico's PETA2 Campaign is a 1-Up for Animals". IGN. December 16, 2010. Archived from the original on February 20, 2018. Retrieved February 22, 2024.
- ^ Fleishman, Jeffrey (June 12, 2015). "Video game music comes to the orchestra concert hall". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on November 13, 2022. Retrieved November 20, 2022.
- ^ Parrish, Ash (February 16, 2024). "Tommy Tallarico's never-actually-featured-on-MTV-Cribs house is for sale". The Verge. Archived from the original on February 22, 2024. Retrieved February 22, 2024.
- ^ Valens, Ana (December 4, 2023). "I for One Welcome the Three-Hour, 51-Minute YouTube Video". The Mary Sue. Archived from the original on February 27, 2024. Retrieved February 27, 2024.
- ^ McFerran, Damien (February 16, 2024). "You Can Own Tommy Tallarico's House If You Have $3 Million To Spare". Time Extension. Archived from the original on February 16, 2024. Retrieved February 16, 2024.
- ^ "30971 Hunt Clb, San Juan Capistrano, CA 92675". Redfin. November 5, 2024. Retrieved November 5, 2024.
- ^ Chuck Rock instruction manual (PDF). Virgin Games. 1991. p. 11. Archived (PDF) from the original on February 26, 2024. Retrieved February 26, 2024.
- ^ Robin Hood: Prince of Thieves instruction manual (PDF). Virgin Games. 1992. p. 16.
- ^ Jeep Jamboree: Off Road Adventure instruction manual (PDF). Virgin Games. 1992. p. 21. Archived (PDF) from the original on February 26, 2024. Retrieved February 26, 2024.
- ^ Greg Norman's Golf Power instruction manual. Virgin Games. 1992. p. 5.
- ^ M. C. Kids instruction manual (PDF). Virgin Games. 1992. p. 37. Archived (PDF) from the original on May 27, 2024. Retrieved May 27, 2024.
- ^ Mick & Mack As The Global Gladiators instruction manual (PDF). Virgin Games. 1992. p. 18. Archived (PDF) from the original on June 6, 2024. Retrieved May 28, 2024.
- ^ Batman: Revenge of the Joker instructional manual (PDF). Sunsoft. 1992. p. 14. Archived (PDF) from the original on May 28, 2024. Retrieved May 28, 2024.
- ^ Out of this World instruction manual (Sega Genesis) (PDF). Virgin Games. 1993. p. 11. Archived (PDF) from the original on June 6, 2024. Retrieved June 4, 2024.
- ^ The Terminator instruction manual (PDF). Virgin Games. 1993. p. 19. Archived (PDF) from the original on August 22, 2018. Retrieved May 27, 2024.
- ^ Cool Spot instruction manual (Sega Genesis) (PDF). Virgin Games. 1993. p. 32. Archived (PDF) from the original on January 30, 2022. Retrieved May 31, 2024.
- ^ Cool Spot instruction manual (SNES) (PDF). Virgin Games. 1993. p. 26.
- ^ RoboCop Versus The Terminator instruction manual (Sega Genesis) (PDF). Virgin Games. 1993. p. 25. Archived (PDF) from the original on June 6, 2024. Retrieved May 31, 2024.
- ^ Color a Dinosaur instruction manual (PDF). Virgin Games. 1993. p. 38.
- ^ Super Slap Shot instruction manual (PDF). Virgin Games. 1993. p. 25.
- ^ Disney's Aladdin instruction manual (PDF). Virgin Games. 1993. p. 27.
- ^ The Jungle Book instruction manual (Sega Genesis) (PDF). Virgin Games. 1994. p. 14. Archived (PDF) from the original on June 6, 2024. Retrieved June 4, 2024.
- ^ Madden NFL 96 instruction manual (Sega Genesis) (PDF). EA Sports. 1993. p. 30. Archived (PDF) from the original on June 6, 2024. Retrieved June 4, 2024.
- ^ Earthworm Jim 2 instruction manual (SNES), Playmate Interactive Entertainment, 1995 p. 19
- ^ Jim Lee's Wild C. A. T. S Covert Action Teams instruction manual, Playmates Interactive, 1995 p. 14.
- ^ The 7th Guest instruction manual, Virgin Games & Trilobyte, 1997 p. 38
- ^ a b Spider-Man (PlayStation) instruction manual, Activision, 2000 p. 24
- ^ Sacrifice instruction manual, Interplay, 2000 p. 72
- ^ Evil Dead: Hail to the King instruction manual, THQ, 2000 p. 24
- ^ Black & Bruised instruction manual, Vivendi Universal Games, 2003 p. 29
- ^ Devastation instruction manual, NovaLogic, 2003, p. 18
- ^ a b Fugitive Hunter: War on Terror instruction manual, Encore Software, 2003, p. 21-22
- ^ SpyHunter 2 instruction manual, Midway, 2003 p. 14
- ^ a b The Bard's Tale instruction manual, Vivendi Universal Games, 2004 p.21
- ^ a b The X-Files: Resist or Serve instruction manual, Vivendi Universal Games, 2004 p. 17
- ^ a b Advent Rising instruction manual, Majesco Entertainment, 2005 p. 24
- ^ Snoopy vs. the Red Baron instruction manual, Namco Bandai Games, 2006 p. 19
- ^ a b Pac-Man World Rally instruction manual, Bandai Namco Games, 2006 p. 34
- ^ Campbell, Evan (August 17, 2010). "Interview: Flip's Twisted World". Nintendojo. Retrieved June 21, 2024.
- ^ Black Dawn instruction manual (PlayStation), Virgin Interactive Entertainment, 1996 p. 15
- ^ Skeleton Warriors instruction manual, Playmates Interactive Entertainment, 1996 p. 16
- ^ Apocalypse instruction manual, Activision, 1997 p. 19
- ^ Redline instruction manual, Accolade, 1999 p. 11
- ^ Knockout Kings 2000 instruction manual, EA Sports, 1999 p. 24
- ^ Tomorrows Never Dies instruction manual, Electronic Arts and MGM Entertainment, 1999 p. 16
- ^ Unreal Mission Pack I: Return to Na Pali instruction manual, GT Interactive Software, 1999 p. 16
- ^ Caspar: Spirit Dimensions instruction manual, TDK, 2001 p. 16
- ^ Scooby-Doo! Night of 100 Frights instruction manual, THQ, 2002 p. 26
- ^ War of the Monsters instruction manual, Sony Computer Entertainment, 2003 p. 16
- ^ The Incredibles instruction manual, THQ, 2004 p. 21
- ^ Jaws: Unleashed instruction manual,Majesco Entertainment, 2006 p. 15
- ^ "Virgin Games Greatest Hits, Vol. 1". Boomplay Music. Retrieved July 4, 2024.
- ^ "Games Greatest Hits, Vol. 2". 7digital. Retrieved July 4, 2024.
- ^ "Earthworm Jim Anthology". Black Screen Records. February 16, 2018. Retrieved July 4, 2024.
- ^ Dutton, Fred (May 23, 2011). "Play For Japan tracklisting revealed". Eurogamer. Retrieved July 4, 2024.
- ^ Mallory, Jordan (July 9, 2011). "Play For Japan: The Album helps rebuild Japan, available now". Engadget. Retrieved July 4, 2024.