The RBY Mk 1 is a light armoured reconnaissance vehicle that was produced by the RAMTA Division of Israel Aircraft Industries. RBY is an anglicized acronym for "Rechev Ben-Yaacov". "Rechev" is Hebrew for "vehicle" and "Ben-Yaacov" is the last name of the creator of the vehicle, Yitzchak Ben-Yaacov (1919-2011).
| RBY MK 1 | |
|---|---|
 RBY MK I at the Yad la-Shiryon Museum, Israel. | |
| Type | Reconnaissance vehicle |
| Place of origin |  Israel |
| Service history | |
| In service | 1975-present |
| Used by | See Operators |
| Wars | Guatemalan Civil War[citation needed] FMLN-Honduran skirmish South Lebanon conflict (1985–2000) |
| Production history | |
| Designer | IAI RAMTA |
| Designed | 1975 |
| Produced | 1975 |
| Specifications | |
| Mass | 3600 kg |
| Length | 5.023 m (16.48 ft) |
| Width | 2.030 m (6.66 ft) |
| Height | 1.660 m (5.45 ft) |
| Crew | 2 (+6 passengers) |
| Armour | 8 mm (0.31 in) steel (hull sides) 10 mm (0.39 in) steel (floor) |
Main armament | Up to 5 machine guns (pintle mounts) |
| Engine | |
| Power/weight | Depends on Variant |
| Maximum speed | 100 km/h (62 mph) |
This article needs additional citations for verification. (July 2020) |
In Israel, the vehicle is known as the "Rabi", a pronunciation of the acronym. It was replaced in Israeli service by the RAMTA RAM 2000 family of vehicles, though it continues to be used and upgraded by foreign users.[1]
The RBY Mk 1 is no longer marketed to new customers.[3] It was known to be sold at $60,000.[3]
History
editRAMTA created the RBY MK 1 in order to get them sold to countries that wanted to get vehicles that are on a tight budget from the 1970s.[4][5] By 1979, RAMTA has switched production from the RBY MK 1 to the RAM vehicles.[4]
Design
editThe RBY Mk 1 with a variety of potential applications in mind, including reconnaissance, commando operations, internal security, and long range patrols.
Considerable design effort was put into making the vehicle mine resistant - the wheels and axles were placed as far forward and backward as possible to maximize the distance of any detonation away from the crew and passengers, the bumpers were made of fiberglass so they would disintegrate in an explosion and minimize hazardous debris, the thickest armour was incorporated into the floor, and the floor and hull were shaped to channel explosions away from the vehicle. Other than modified Guatemalan versions, the RBY Mk 1 had no doors (crew entered through the open-topped passenger compartment) to ensure that the hull had no weak points.[1]
The weight of the vehicle was kept light enough to make it transportable by heavy lift helicopters, such as the Sikorsky CH-53 Sea Stallion.[1]
While the RBY Mk 1 featured no integral armament, provisions were made for up to five machine guns by placing pintle mounts at various points around the vehicle.
Passenger seating was provided with two back-to-back rows of three outward-facing seats. This allowed the passengers to maintain a full 360 degree field of view and operate any mounted machine guns.
Guatemalan upgrades
editIn the mid-to-late 1990s, the Guatemalan Army began testing an upgraded and modified RBY MK 1. The new RBY MK 1 featured a new, more powerful diesel engine, a kevlar roof for what had been the open cargo/passenger box, and access doors on either side of the vehicle for the now-enclosed rear compartment. The roof incorporated a ring mount for a machine gun.[6]
Variants
editRecoilless rifle version
editA modified version of the RBY Mk 1 was produced which featured a 106mm recoilless rifle,[2] 16 rounds of ammunition and crew positions in place of the normal passenger seating.
Anti-tank version
editRBY Mk 1 with TOW missile launcher and two 7.62mm machine guns.[7]
Anti-aircraft version
editArmed with dual 20mm light anti-aircraft guns and 360 rounds of ammo.[7]
APC version
editVehicle with three 7.62mm machine guns on turrets.[7]
Mortar version
editVehicle with compartment for a mortar.[7]
RAM MK3
editOperators
editCurrent
edit
Cameroon - armed with TCM-20 anti-aircraft gun[8]
Guatemala: 10[9]
Honduras: 8 RBY Mk 1 Recce and 8 RBY Mk 1 AT.[7] The Honduran Army used them on 29 April 1983 after Salvadoran rebels of the Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front crossed the border.[2]
Lesotho: 10[9]
Venezuela: 10[9] - armed with TCM-20 AA guns and locally repowered[2]
Former
edit
See also
edit"Combat Reconnaissance/Patrol Vehicle" with rear engine:
Others:
- RG-31 Nyala - A more modern mine protected vehicle
- MRAP - A family of vehicles designed to survive mine attacks and improvised explosive devices
References
edit- ^ a b c d "Jane's Armour and Artillery: RAMTA RBY Mk 1 light armoured reconnaissance vehicle (Israel), Reconnaissance vehicles". Jane's Information Group. 2008-09-04. Archived from the original on 28 July 2009.
- ^ a b c d Montes, Julio A. (2 January 2015). "Infantry Support and Anti-tank Weapons in Latin America: 90mm and 105mm Recoilless Rifles". Small Arms Defense Journal. Vol. 6, no. 4.
- ^ a b "RAM Armored Scout Car". Military-Today.com. Retrieved 2022-08-20.
- ^ a b c "The Israeli RBY MK 1 & RAM 4x4 Family".
- ^ "Armored Cars: IAI RAM Mk3". 25 July 2017.
- ^ "Jane's International Defence Review: GUATEMALA - TRIALS RBY MK 1, Upgrade Update". Jane's Information Group. 1998-06-12. Archived from the original on 26 July 2009.
- ^ a b c d e "Ramta RAM". Archived from the original on 2019-04-12.
- ^ International Institute for Strategic Studies (2021). The Military Balance 2021. p. 454. ISBN 978-1-032-01227-8.
- ^ a b c "Trade Registers". Armstrade.sipri.org. Retrieved 2014-11-20.
- ^ Kassis, 30 Years of Military Vehicles in Lebanon (2003), p. 79.
- ^ Sex & Abi-Chahine, Modern Conflicts 2 – The Lebanese Civil War, From 1975 to 1991 and Beyond (2021), p. 179.
Bibliography
edit- Kassis, Samer (2003). 30 Years of Military Vehicles in Lebanon. Beirut: Elite Group. ISBN 9953-0-0705-5.
- Sex, Zachary; Abi-Chahine, Bassel (2021). Modern Conflicts 2 – The Lebanese Civil War, From 1975 to 1991 and Beyond. Modern Conflicts Profile Guide. Vol. II. AK Interactive. EAN 8435568306073.
