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The Partial-Birth Abortion Ban Act was a bill introduced in the Congress of the United States in 1995 by Florida Representative Charles T. Canady which prohibited intact dilation and extraction, sometimes referred to as partial-birth abortion, which the bill described as "an abortion in which the person performing the abortion partially vaginally delivers a living fetus before killing the fetus and completing the delivery". In other words, the bill sought to eliminate abortion in the third trimester. The term "partial-birth abortion," coined by the Canady, has never been recognized by the American Medical Association or the American Congress of Obstetricians and Gynecologists.[1] In November 1995, the House of Representatives passed the bill. Doctors convicted under the bill would receive a fine and up to a two-year prison sentence.[2] The bill was passed by both chambers of Congress, but then vetoed by President Bill Clinton.
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Opponents of the bill argued that D & X procedures only occurred in the case of severe fetal defects or when carrying the birth to term endangered the life of the mother; its advocates argued that the majority for purely elective reasons.[3] These competing arguments both had some basis in truth but came from different classifications of D & X procedures; anti-Ban activists based their numbers solely on post-viability abortions, ignoring that pre-viability abortions account for more than 90 percent of D & X procedures.[3] The use of the term "elective" by pro-Ban activists, on the other hand, completely overlooked the contextual factors such as youth, trauma, and poverty, that push women to choose D & X.[3]
The House overrode President Clinton's 1996 veto, but the Senate was several votes short of the required 2/3 requirement with a margin of 58 yeas to 40 nays.[4] The Republican-controlled Congress tried to push a similar ban in January 1997 with House Resolution 1122, but again its efforts were defeated by President Clinton's veto.[5] A similar bill was later passed in 2003 as the Partial-Birth Abortion Ban Act, signed into law by President George W. Bush.
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ "ACOG Files Amicus Brief in Gonzales v. Carhart and Gonzales v. PPFA". Archived from the original on 2008-05-31. Retrieved 2019-07-09.
- ^ Canady, Charles T. (January 6, 1997). "Text - H.R.1833 - 104th Congress (1995-1996): Partial-Birth Abortion Ban Act of 1995". www.congress.gov.
- ^ a b c Oliveri, Rigel (January 1, 1998). "Crossing the Line: The Political and Moral Battle over Late-Term Abortion". Faculty Publications. 10 (2): 397–448. PMID 12741374.
- ^ "Microsoft Word - Cover-The congressional debate.doc" (PDF). Retrieved 2019-07-09.
- ^ "H.R.1122 - 105th Congress (1997-1998): Partial-Birth Abortion Ban Act of 1997". www.congress.gov. September 22, 1998.
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