An overmodelled skull is a skull covered with various materials to reconstruct the appearance of a human head. This technique of art and religion is described in many countries throughout the ages.
Origins
editA custom that has existed since the Neolithic era, it is widespread in Oceania and the Near East.[1] It originated as a cult of ancestors and consists of covering the dry skull with a plastic material, such as earth, clay, ash, plaster or lime.[2] Skulls can be embellished with pigments, jewellery etc. Sometimes, skulls of animals are also over-modelled.[3]
Gallery
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Overmodelled skull, Vanuatu.
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Overmodelled skull, Vanuatu.
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Skull in the musée du quai Branly.
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Skull of the musée d'ethnographie de Genève, 19th.
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Overmodelled skull in Amman, neolithic era.
References
edit- ^ Ergul Kodas, Le surmodelage du crâne au Néolithique au Proche-Orient : Approche contextuelle, funéraire et visuelle, Tiempo y sociedad, Num. 18, 2015, pp. 5-45
- ^ Fanny Bocquentin, Après la mort, avant l’oubli. Les crânes surmodelés du Levant sud [1]
- ^ Anthony JP Meyer, Oceanic Art, Könemann, 1995, p.382
Articles annexes
editBibliography
edit- Alain Nicolas, Art papou, Nouvelles Éditions Scala, Paris, 2000 & L'art papou : Austronésiens et Papous de Nouvelle-Guinée (catalogue d'exposition, Musée de Marseille, 2000.
- Maxime Rovere, Magali Melandri, Rouge kwoma : peintures mythiques de Nouvelle-Guinée : exposition, Paris, Musée du quai Branly, 14 octobre 2008-4 janvier 2009, Réunion des musées nationaux : Musée du quai Branly, Paris, 2009, ISBN 978-2-915133-93-6.
- Objets de pouvoir en Nouvelle-Guinée (in French). Saint-Germain-en-Laye: Réunion des musées nationaux : musée d'Archéologie nationale. 2006.
- Anthony JP Meyer, Oceanic Art, Könemann, 1995.
- Arthur C. Aufderheide, Overmodeled Skulls, Heide Press, 2009