BRICS is a grouping of the world economies of Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa formed by the 2010 addition of South Africa to the predecessor BRIC.[1][2][3][4] The original acronym "BRIC", or "the BRICs", was coined in 2001 by Goldman Sachs economist Jim O'Neill to describe fast-growing economies that he predicted would collectively dominate the global economy by 2050.[5] The 15th BRICS summit in 2023 saw the expansion of the organization for the first time since the inclusion of South Africa.
Member states
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Partner states
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Countries that have applied for membership
editSaudi Arabia was invited to join at the 15th BRICS summit, but has not yet formalised its approval to become a BRICS member.[10]
While Egypt, Ethiopia, Iran, and the United Arab Emirates were not admitted as members during the 15th BRICS summit, they were among 22 countries applying for membership. South African Minister of Finance Enoch Godongwana said “There is a second batch of countries that are going to be added [to] BRICS." This means that there are plans for further BRICS expansion and the following countries are possible candidates due to their applications for membership [11]
| Flag | Country |
Capital |
Area (km2) |
Population (2016) |
Density (/km2) |
GDP per cap. (PPP) |
HDI | Currency |
Official languages | Leaders | Application submitted |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 |
Azerbaijan Republic of Azerbaijan |
Baku | 86,600 | 9,976,248 | 117 | 19,328 | 0.760 | Azerbaijani manat (AZN) | Azerbaijani | Head of State: Ilham Aliyev Head of Government: Ali Asadov |
2024 |
 |
Bangladesh People's Republic of Bangladesh |
Dhaka | 148,460 | 169,828,911 | 1,305 | 8,673 | 0.661 | Bangladeshi taka (BDT) | Bengali | Head of State and Government: Mohammed Shahabuddin | 2023 |
 |
Myanmar Republic of the Union of Myanmar |
Naypyidaw | 676,578 | 53,662,135 | 79.22 | 7,682 | 0.582 | Burmese kyat (MMK) | Burmese | Head of State: Min Aung Hlaing Head of Government: Min Aung Hlaing |
2024 |
 |
Pakistan Islamic Republic of Pakistan |
Islamabad | 881,913 | 241,499,431 | 273.8 | 6,955 | 0.540 | Pakistani rupee (PKR) | Urdu English |
Head of State: Asif Ali Zardari Head of Government: Shehbaz Sharif |
2024[12] |
 |
Senegal Republic of Senegal |
Dakar | 196,722 | 18,847,519 | 90 | 4,324 | 0.517 | West African CFA franc (XOF) | French | Head of State: Bassirou Diomaye Faye Head of Government: Ousmane Sonko |
2023[13] |
|
Sri Lanka Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka |
Kotte | 65,610.2 | 22,037,000 | 337.7 | 14,234 | 0.780 | Sri Lankan rupee (LKR) | Sinhala Tamil |
Head of State: Anura Kumara Dissanayake Head of Government: Harini Amarasuriya |
2024 [14] |
|
Syria Syrian Arab Republic |
Damascus | 185,180 | 23,865,423 | 118.33 | 2,900 | 0.557 | Syrian pound (SYP) | Arabic | Head of State: Bashar al-Assad | 2024 |
 |
Venezuela Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela |
Caracas | 916,445 | 30,518,260 | 33.74 | 3,474 | 0.699 | Venezuelan bolívar (VED) | Spanish; Piapoco; Baniwa Locono; Other indigenous languages |
Head of State and Government: Nicolás Maduro |
2024 |
Previous applicants
editIn 2011, Indonesia considered the possibility of joining BRICS. In 2022 the country formally submitted an application, but Indonesian president Joko Widodo decided not to join the group and to withdraw the application because it was considered a rushed decision. Widodo said that in future he would probably reapply, but Indonesia is out for now. Widodo never reapplied before he stepped down as president in 2024.[15] However, the consideration of Indonesia joining BRICS is said to be decided by President Prabowo Subianto according to Foreign Minister Retno Marsudi.[16] Indonesia has restarted the application process as announced by Foreign Minister Sugiono after the 16th BRICS summit.[9]
In 2022, Argentina formally submitted an application for BRICS membership under Alberto Fernández's government. Argentina was invited to join at the subsequent 2023 summit, but the country declined the offer to join the bloc in the aftermath of Javier Milei's victory in that year's presidential election.[17]
Algeria had previously applied for membership in 2023,[18] but later rejected it in September 2024, making Algeria the second country after Argentina to decline and stop its application.[19]
Notes
edit- ^ The actual area under PRC control is 9,596,960.
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ "New era as South Africa joins BRICS" Archived 18 April 2011 at the Wayback Machine . SouthAfrica.info. 11 April 2010. Retrieved 2 December 2012.
- ^ "S. Africa Joins; BRIC Now BRICS, 13 de abril de 2011". Archived from the original on 24 February 2011. Retrieved 15 April 2011.
- ^ "BRICS Gain Global Influence as South Africa Joins, Medvedev Says". Bloomberg.com. 2011-04-12. Retrieved 2021-03-27.
- ^ Fletcher, Owen (2011-04-13). "China Seeks Heft for 'BRICS'". Wall Street Journal. ISSN 0099-9660. Retrieved 2021-03-27.
- ^ Nagashybayeva, Gulnar (November 2016). "Research Guides: BRICS: Sources of Information: Introduction". guides.loc.gov. Retrieved 2023-07-23.
- ^ at purchasing power parity, per capita, in international dollars (rounded IMF 2012)
- ^ at Human Development Index (New 2013 Estimates for 2012)
- ^ a b Law of the People's Republic of China on the Standard Spoken and Written Chinese Language (Order of the President No.37)
- ^ a b Ihsan, Nabil (October 25, 2024). "RI nyatakan keinginan gabung ke BRICS, wujudkan diplomasi bebas aktif". Antara News (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2024-10-25.
- ^ Saudi Arabia has not yet joined BRICs - minister
- ^ "MSN". MSN.
- ^ Hussain, Abid. "Pakistan seeks BRICS membership, despite India roadblock". Al Jazeera. Retrieved 2024-10-25.
- ^ Ndiaye, Juliette (2023-08-21). "EMERGING COUNTRIES – Senegal wants to integrate the Brics". Ze-AfricaNews. Retrieved 2024-10-25.
- ^ [1]
- ^ "Why Indonesia chose autonomy over BRICS membership". East Asia Forum. 2023-10-25. Retrieved 2024-01-13.
- ^ Rahmawati, Dwi. "Menlu Sebut Keputusan Indonesia Gabung BRICS Ada di Tangan Prabowo". detiknews (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2024-10-25.
- ^ "El gobierno de Javier Milei oficializó que la Argentina no entrará a los Brics". LA NACIÓN (in Spanish). 2023-12-29. Archived from the original on 29 December 2023. Retrieved 2023-12-29.
- ^ "Algeria president: 'Country applied to join BRICS, offered $1.5bn'". July 2023.
- ^ "Algeria no longer express interest in joining according to Algerian news agency". Aps.
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