Wikipedia

List of descriptive plant species epithets (A–H)

For the second half of this list, see List of descriptive plant species epithets (I–Z).

Since the first printing of Carl Linnaeus's Species Plantarum in 1753, plants have been assigned one epithet or name for their species and one name for their genus, a grouping of related species.[1] These scientific names have been catalogued in a variety of works, including Stearn's Dictionary of Plant Names for Gardeners. William Stearn (1911–2001) was one of the pre-eminent British botanists of the 20th century: a Librarian of the Royal Horticultural Society, a president of the Linnean Society and the original drafter of the International Code of Nomenclature for Cultivated Plants.[2][3]

a flower
Stapelia hirsuta, the "hairy" starfish flower

The first column below lists seed-bearing species epithets from Stearn's Dictionary, Latin for Gardeners[4] by Lorraine Harrison, The A to Z of Plant Names by Allen Coombes, The Gardener's Botanical[5] by Ross Bayton, and the glossary of Stearn's Botanical Latin.[6] Epithets from proper nouns, proper adjectives, and two or more nouns are excluded, along with epithets used only in species names that are no longer widely accepted. Classical and modern meanings are provided in the third column, along with citations to Charlton T. Lewis's An Elementary Latin Dictionary.[7][a]

Key

edit
LG = language: (L)atin or (G)reek
L = derived from Latin, or both Classical Latin and Greek (unless otherwise noted)
G = derived from Greek
H = listed by Harrison, and (except as noted) by Bayton
D = listed in Stearn's Dictionary
S = listed in Stearn's Botanical Latin
DS = listed in Stearn's Dictionary, with the word or root word listed in Botanical Latin
C = listed by Coombes

Epithets

edit
 
Silene acaulis←[b]
 
Orites acicularis←
 
Banksia aculeata←
 
Musa acuminata←
 
Juncus acutus←
 
Piper aduncum←
 
Eucalyptus aggregata←
 
Melilotus albus← and a honeybee
 
Echium albicans←
 
Ailanthus altissima←
 
Primula amethystina←
 
Eucalyptus ammophila←
 
Persicaria amphibia← on land ...
 
... and in the water
 
Hakea amplexicaulis←
 
Opuntia anacantha←
 
Eucalyptus annulata←
 
Euphorbia aphylla←
 
The bee-mimicking flowers of Ophrys apifera←
 
Ipomoea aquatica←
 
Anacampseros arachnoides←
 
Ceanothus arboreus←
 
Stream in Kamchatka with Salix arctica←
 
Ammophila arenaria←
 
Coccothrinax argentata←
 
Phacelia argillacea←
 
Rubus argutus←
 
Banksia armata←
 
Genoplesium arrectum←
 
Juncus articulatus←
 
Phalaris arundinacea←
 
Cirsium arvense←
 
Banksia aurantia←
 
Salvia azurea←
 
Taxus baccata←
 
Erythranthe bicolor←
 
Yellow bracts on Xerochrysum bracteatum←
 
Lonicera caerulea←
 
Eucalyptus caesia←
 
Cypripedium calceolus←
 
Phacelia campanularia←
 
Euphorbia candelabrum←
 
Cypripedium candidum←
 
Artemisia cana←
 
Carex capillacea←
 
Bignonia capreolata←
 
Lobelia cardinalis←
 
Metrosideros carminea←
 
Hoya carnosa←
 
Scadoxus cinnabarinus←
 
Haworthiopsis coarctata←
 
Banksia coccinea←
 
Erysimum collinum←
 
Triticum compactum←
 
Pinus contorta←
 
Tilia cordata←
 
Eucalyptus cornuta←
 
Coccothrinax crinita←
 
Amaranthus cruentus←
 
Mesembryanthemum crystallinum←
 
Adenanthos cuneatus←
 
Erythranthe cuprea←
 
Date palm (Phoenix dactylifera←)
 
Pedicularis dasyantha←
 
Mentzelia decapetala←
 
The deciduous coniferous European larch, Larix decidua←
 
Geoffroea decorticans←
 
Ceratophyllum demersum←
 
Eremophila demissa←
 
Agave deserti←
 
Verticordia dichroma←
 
Gasteria disticha←
 
Passiflora edulis←
 
Oxalis enneaphylla←
 
Aloe erinacea←
 
Cirsium eriophorum←
 
Fraxinus excelsior←
 
Datura ferox←
 
Caladenia filamentosa←
 
Eremaea fimbriata←
 
Allium fistulosum←
 
Alloxylon flammeum←
 
Glaucium flavum←
 
Cornus florida←
 
Illustration of Iris furcata←
 
Billardiera fusiformis←
 
Rhododendron galactinum←
 
Myrtillocactus geometrizans←
 
Utricularia gibba←
 
Lepidosperma gladiatum←
 
Campanula glomerata←
 
Salvia glutinosa←
 
Cautleya gracilis←
 
Tuberaria guttata←
 
Ferocactus haematacanthus←
 
Thelocactus hastifer←
 
Illustration of Cistus heterophyllus←
 
Stapelia hirsuta←
 
Acalypha hispida←
 
Banksia horrida←
 
Opuntia humifusa←
Epithets
Epithets[8][9][c] LG [10] Meanings and derivations Example species[d] H DS C
abbreviatus L shortened Caladenia abbreviata H DS
aberrans L aberrant, from aberro, to deviate[7] Acronychia aberrans DS
abortivus L abortive[7] Ranunculus abortivus H DS
abruptus L cut off[7] Acacia abrupta DS
abscissus L cut off, from abscindo[7] Narcissus abscissus DS
abundiflorus L flowering abundantly Alpinia abundiflora* D
acaulis L (apparently) stemless, from a- + caulis[7] Silene acaulis H DS C[11]
acephalus G headless Syngonanthus acephalus* D
acer L sharp-tasting or (per Stearn) sharp to the touch.[7] Bayton lists only the genus Acer. Pimelea acra* H D
acris L sharp-tasting or (per Stearn) sharp to the touch.[7] Ranunculus acris H D C[12]
acerbus L harsh; bitter[7] Hovenia acerba DS
acerosus L sharp; needle-shaped Verticordia acerosa H DS C[13]
acetosus L vinegary, from acetum;[7] sour Rumex acetosa H DS C[14]
acicularis L needle-shaped, from acus, needle;[7] acicular Orites acicularis H DS C[15]
aciculifer D
acidus L sour[7] Phyllanthus acidus DS
acidosus D
acidissimus D
acinaceus L scimitar Acacia acinacea H D
aciniformis DS
acraeus L high-dwelling Ranunculus acraeus H
aculeatus L stinging or sharp;[7] aculeate Banksia aculeata H DS C[16]
aculeolatus H D
aculeatissimus L sharpest Solanum aculeatissimum D
acuminatus L tapering; acuminate Musa acuminata H DS C[17]
acutus L pointed; acute Juncus acutus H DS C[18]
acutangulus DS
acutissimus L most acute Quercus acutissima H D C[19]
adenophorus G gland-bearing Ageratina adenophora H DS
admirabilis L admirable[7] Drosera admirabilis H D
adnatus L joined (organs), from agnascor, to be late-born;[7][10] adnate Nepenthes adnata H DS
adpressus L pressed close together, from apprimo;[7] appressed. (Also appressus.) Muehlenbeckia adpressa H DS C[20]
adscendens L ascending, from ascendo[7] Melicope adscendens H DS
adscitus L adopted[7] Rubus adscitus* D
adsurgens L rising, from adsurgo[7] Acacia adsurgens H D
aduncus L hooked[7] Piper aduncum H DS
adustus L sunburnt; brown[7] Carex adusta DS
advenus L stranger, from advena[7] Nuphar advena DS
aemulus L emulating.[7] (Also aemulans.)[4][5] Banksia aemula H DS
aeneus L bronze[7] Begonia aenea* DS
aequalis L equal[7] Diuris aequalis H DS C[21]
aequinoctialis L equatorial, from aequinoctium, equinox[7] Aneilema aequinoctiale H D
aerius L aerial[7] Crocus aerius H DS
aeruginosus L verdigris, from aerugo[7] Pimelea aeruginosa DS
aestivus L summer[7] Leucojum aestivum DS C[22]
aestivalis DS C[23]
affinis L related, from adfinis, adjoining[7][10] Stachys affinis DS C[24]
aganniphus G snow-covered. Stearn's spelling is agannifus. Rhododendron aganniphum D
agastus G charming Rhododendron agastum* H D
agglutinatus L glued, from agglutino, to stick on[7] Echites agglutinatus* DS
aggregatus L clustered, from aggrego, to bring together[7] Eucalyptus aggregata H DS C[25]
agrarius L of the land[7] Fumaria agraria H DS
agrestis L uncultivated; growing in fields[7] Rosa agrestis H DS
agrifolius L rough-leaved Quercus agrifolia H D
alatus L winged;[7] alate Mimulus alatus H DS C[26]
albus L white Melilotus albus H DS C[27]
albidus L off-white. (Also albulus.)[5] Sassafras albidum, Echium albicans H DS C[28]
albescens H DS
albicans H D C[29]
algidus L cold[7] Boronia algida DS
alienus L alien;[7] introduced Quercus aliena DS
alpestris L of mountains[10] Prasophyllum alpestre H D C[30]
alpinus L alpine; of mountains[7] Potamogeton alpinus H DS C[31]
alpicola H D C[32]
alpigenus H D
alternus L alternating;[7] alternate Physocarpus alternans DS
alternans H DS
altus L tall; high[7] Coccothrinax alta H DS
altissimus L tallest; highest Ailanthus altissima H D C[33]
alticola L growing in high places[10] Genoplesium alticola D
alulatus L narrow-winged[10] Boronia alulata D
alutaceus L leathery,[10] from aluta,[7] soft leather Shorea alutacea DS
amabilis L lovely.[7] Previously ama-bilis (Stearn). Phalaenopsis amabilis H DS C[34]
amarus L bitter[7] Simarouba amara H DS
amarellus H D
ambiguus L ambiguous[7] Kunzea ambigua H DS
amblyanthus G blunt-flowered Bulbophyllum amblyanthum H S
ambrosiacus L ambrosia[7] Achillea ambrosiaca* D
amethystinus L violet; purple[7] Primula amethystina H DS C[35]
ammophilus G sand-loving[10] Eucalyptus ammophila H DS
amoenus L pleasant[7] Felicia amoena H DS C[36]
amphibius G growing both on land and in water[10] Persicaria amphibia H DS
amplexicaulis L stem-embracing, from amplexor, to embrace;[7] amplexicaul Hakea amplexicaulis H DS C[37]
amplus L ample;[7] large Callicarpa ampla H DS
amplissimus L most ample Ficus amplissima D
ampliatus L enlarged, from amplio[7] Acacia ampliata DS
ampullaceus L flask-shaped, from ampulla[7] Senecio ampullaceus DS
amygdalinus L almond, from amygdalum[7] Eucalyptus amygdalina H DS
amygdaliformis H D
amygdaloides H D C[26]
anacanthus G thornless;[10] spineless Opuntia anacantha DS
anceps L two-headed; two-sided; uncertain[7] Epidendrum anceps H DS C[38]
androgynus L androgyne;[7] androgynous Sauropus androgynus H DS
anfractuosus L recurving, from anfractus[7] Acacia anfractuosa DS
anguinus L serpentine[7] Smilax anguina* D
angulatus L angular[7] Cycas angulata H DS
angularis H DS
angulosus H DS
anguliger L hooked Disocactus anguliger D
angustatus L narrowed Protea angustata DS
anisophyllus G with unequal leaves[10] Artocarpus anisophyllus H DS
annularis L ring-shaped;[10] with an annulus Eucalyptus annulata DS
annulatus H DS
annuus L lasting a year[7] Helianthus annuus H DS C[23]
anomalus G anomalous[10] Hydrangea anomala H DS C[39]
anosmus G odorless[10] Dendrobium anosmum H D
anserinus L of a goose, anser[7] Argentina anserina DS
anthelmius L anti-worm Spigelia anthelmia D
anthopogon G bearded flowers[10] Rhododendron anthopogon D
antiquorum L ancient[7][e] Euphorbia antiquorum H D
antiquus H DS
apertus L uncovered; open[7] Caladenia aperta H DS
apetalus G without petals[10] Pomaderris apetala H DS
aphyllus G leafless[10] Euphorbia aphylla H DS
apiatus L bee-like, from apis[7] Gentiana apiata* D
apiculatus L pointed, from apicula, a small bee;[10] apiculate Darwinia apiculata H D C[40]
apifer L (apparently) bearing a bee, from apis[7][f] Ophrys apifera H D
apodus L footless; stalkless[10] Bulbophyllum apodum H DS
appendiculatus L with appendages, from appendicula[7] Salix appendiculata H DS
applanatus L flattened[10] Acacia applanata H DS
appressus L pressed close together, from apprimo;[7] appressed. (Also adpressus.) Eremophila appressa H DS
apricus L sun-exposed; sun-loving[7] Eriogonum apricum H DS
apterus G wingless[10] Zizia aptera H D
apus G stalkless.[10] Feminine and neuter apus. Gigantochloa apus* D
aquaticus L in water;[7] aquatic Ipomoea aquatica H DS C[41]
aquatilis H DS
aquilinus L eagle-like, from aquila[7] Eucalyptus aquilina H D
arachnoides G spider; cobwebbed;[10] arachnoid Anacampseros arachnoides H D
arachnoideus H DS C[42]
araiophyllus G slender-leaved[10] Bulbophyllum araiophyllum* D
araneosus L spider-webbed[7] Acacia araneosa DS
arboreus L tree-like;[7] arborescent Ceanothus arboreus H DS C[23]
arborescens H DS C[43]
arboricola L tree-dwelling Lilium arboricola H S
arbusculus L shrubby.[10] Diminutive of arbor.[7][g] Euphorbia arbuscula H DS
arcticus G far northern[10] Salix arctica H DS
arcuatus L bowed[7] Calothamnus arcuatus H DS
ardens L glowing[7] Urtica ardens* D
arenarius L sand-dwelling[10] Ammophila arenaria H DS C[45]
arenicola H D
arenosus L sandy; gritty[10] Arabidopsis arenosa H DS
areolatus L areolate; having areoles[10] Pterostylis areolata H DS
argentatus L silvery[7] Coccothrinax argentata H D C[46]
argenteus H DS C[47]
argillaceus L white-clay Phacelia argillacea DS
argophyllus L silvery-leaved Eriogonum argophyllum H DS
argutus L notched Rubus argutus H DS C[48]
argyraeus L silvery. (Also argyreus.)[49] Acacia argyraea H DS C[50]
aridus L dry[7] Acacia arida H DS
arietinus L like a ram, from aries[7] Cicer arietinum H D
aristatus L awned;[10] aristate Pinus aristata H DS C[43]
aristosus D
arizelus G conspicuous[10] Lupinus arizelus* D
armatus L armed (with spines or thorns)[7] Banksia armata H DS
armiger DS
armillatus L with bracelets or collars[7] Eucalyptus armillata D
armillaris H D
aromaticus G aromatic[10] Syzygium aromaticum DS C[51]
arrectus L erect, from adrectus[7] Genoplesium arrectum DS
articulatus L jointed, from artus;[7] articulate Juncus articulatus H DS C[52]
arundinaceus L reedy, from arundo[7] Phalaris arundinacea H D
arvensis L of plowed fields, from arvum,[7] ploughed land Cirsium arvense H DS C[53]
ascendens L ascendant,[10] from ascensus;[7] ascending Taxodium ascendens H DS
asper L rough[7] Corymbia aspera H DS C[39]
asperatus H DS
asperrimus L roughest Bartsia asperrima* H D
assimilis L resembling[10] Sauropus assimilis H D
assurgens L ascending[10] Leptocereus assurgens* DS
ater L dead-black;[7] dark. Feminine atra, neuter atrum. Neololeba atra DS
atratus L blackened[7] Microtis atrata DS C[54]
attenuatus L tapering[7] Banksia attenuata H DS C[55]
aucuparius L bird-catching, from aucupium[7] Sorbus aucuparia H
augustus L majestic[7] Rhopaloblaste augusta H D
aurantiacus L orangish[10] Banksia aurantia H DS C[56]
aurantius H D
aureus L golden[7] Ficus aurea H DS C[31]
auratus H DS
auriculatus L eared, from auricula;[7] with auricles. (Also auriculus.)[32] Roscoea auriculata H DS C[57]
auritus H DS
australis L southern[7] Cordyline australis H DS C[55]
austrinus H D
autumnalis L of autumn[7] Mandragora autumnalis DS C[31]
avicularis L of small birds, from avis[7] Polygonum aviculare D
avium L of birds, from avis[7] Prunus avium H D C[58]
axillaris L axillary[10] Pseudowintera axillaris H DS C[22]
azureus L sky-blue[10] Salvia azurea H DS C[59]
baccatus L berry, from baca[7] Taxus baccata DS C[60]
baccans DS
baccifer DS
bacillaris L rod-like, from bacillum[7] Senna bacillaris* H DS
badius L nut brown Symplocos badia H S
barbarus L foreign[7] Lycium barbarum H D C[61]
barbatus L bearded[7] Dianthus barbatus H DS C[62]
barbiger H D
barbatulus H D
barbulatus H D
barystachys G heavy-spiked Lysimachia barystachys DS
basilaris L basal[7] Opuntia basilaris H DS
basilicus G royal Ocimum basilicum H D C[63]
bellus L beautiful[7] Corymbia bella H D C[64]
benedictus L blessed Cnicus benedictus H D
bicolor L two-colored Erythranthe bicolor H DS C[65]
bicornis L two-horned Aiphanes bicornis H DS
bicornutus H D
bidentatus L two-toothed Manilkara bidentata DS
biennis L biennial[7] Oenothera biennis H DS C[63]
bifidus L divided in two[7] Trifolium bifidum H D
biflorus L two-flowered Darwinia biflora H DS C[66]
bifurcatus L two-forked Amyema bifurcata H DS
bijugus L double-yoked Intsia bijuga H DS
binervatus L two-veined Carex binervis D
binervis DS
binervosus D
bipinnatus L bipinnate Sanicula bipinnata H DS C[20]
bisectus L bisected, from sectus[7] Zingiber bisectum* D
biserratus L doubly serrated, from serratus[7] Eremophila biserrata H DS
biternatus L twice-ternate; biternate Enemion biternatum H DS
bituminosus L tarry, from bitumen[7] Moraea bituminosa H D
bivalvis L bivalved, from valvae;[7] with two valves Peristrophe bivalvis H DS
blandus L flattering;[7] alluring Anemonoides blanda D C[67]
blepharocalyx G fringed-calyx Alpinia blepharocalyx* DS
bombycinus L silky[7] Cymbopogon bombycinus DS
borealis L northern, from boreas[7] Banksia borealis H DS
botryoides G clustered, like grapes Eucalyptus botryoides H D C[68]
brachiatus L with arm-like branches, from brachium[7] Buddleja brachiata H DS
brachyanthus G short-flowered Oryza brachyantha D
bracteatus L with bracts Xerochrysum bracteatum H DS C[69]
brevis L short[7] Conophytum breve H DS
bronchialis G of or for the lungs Saxifraga bronchialis H D
brumalis L wintry[7] Diuris brumalis DS
brunneus L brown Banksia brunnea H DS C[70]
bryoides G mossy Saxifraga bryoides H D
buccinatus L trumpet-shaped, from buccina[7] Hemigenia buccinata* D
buccinatorius D
bulbifer G bulb Cicuta bulbifera H DS C[53]
bulbiformis DS
bulbosus H DS
bullatus L with bubbles, from bulla;[7] bullate Annona bullata H DS C[20]
cadmicus L metallic Salvia cadmica* H D
caerulescens L becoming blue Thlaspi caerulescens H DS
caeruleus L azure[7] Lonicera caerulea H DS C[71]
caesius L bluish-gray; lavender blue; cutting[7] Eucalyptus caesia H DS C[72]
caespitosus L caespitose, from caespes,[7] turf. (Also caespititius.)[73] Pilosella caespitosa H DS
calcaratus L spurred, from calcar;[7] calcarate Stylidium calcaratum H DS
calcareus L lime; calcareous Mitrephora calcarea H DS C[42]
calcicola D
calceolus L shoe Cypripedium calceolus D C[74]
callistus G very beautiful Eriogonum callistum D
callosus L callous or hard-skinned;[7] callose Strobilanthes callosa H DS
calophyllus G with beautiful leaves Gonystylus calophyllus H DS
calvus L bald[7] Gunniopsis calva H DS
calycinus G like a calyx; with a prominent calyx Hypericum calycinum H DS C[75]
calyptratus G with a calyptra, a cap-like cover Calandrinia calyptrata H DS
campanularius L bell; campanulate Phacelia campanularia H D C[76]
campanulatus H DS C[56]
campestris L even; flat; of plains. From campester.[7] Acer campestre H DS C[77]
campylocarpus L curved-fruit Isatis campylocarpa* H D
canaliculatus L grooved, from canalis;[7] canaliculate Protea canaliculata H DS
cancellatus L latticed, from cancelli[7] Ceropegia cancellata* H DS
candelabrum L candelabrum[7] Euphorbia candelabrum H D C[78]
candidus L shining white[7] Cypripedium candidum H DS C[74]
candicans H DS C[79]
candidissimus L whitest, from candor[7] Arisaema candidissimum D C[80]
canus L grey- or white-haired;[7] canescent Artemisia cana H DS C[81]
canescens H DS C[53]
caninus L canine[7] Rosa canina H DS
caperatus L wrinkled.[6][50] Possibly, goat.[7][10] Anthurium caperatum* DS C[50]
capillaceus L hair-like, from capillus[7] Carex capillacea DS
capillaris H DS
capilliformis H DS
capillatus L hairy;[7] with fine hairs Caladenia capillata H D
capitatus L having dense-headed growth; capitate Roscoea capitata H DS C[82]
capitellatus L small-headed, from capitulum[7] Mimetes capitulatus H D
capitellus H D
capitulatus H D
capreolatus L with tendrils; supported. From capreolus,[7] props or stays. Bignonia capreolata H D C[83]
capreus L goat[7] Salix caprea H D C[84]
capsularis L capsule-producing, from capsula[7] Corchorus capsularis H DS
cardinalis L scarlet Lobelia cardinalis H DS C[85]
carinatus L keeled, from carina;[7] having a keel Zephyranthes carinata H DS C[71]
carmineus L carmine. From Arabic and Latin. Metrosideros carminea H DS
carnosus L fleshy, from carnis;[7] carnose Hoya carnosa H DS C[86]
carneus H DS C[59]
carnosulus H DS
cartilagineus L cartilage-like; cartilaginous Oceaniopteris cartilaginea H DS
castus L pure[7] Mimosa casta* D
catacosmus G adorned Rhododendron catacosmum* D
cataria L of cats Nepeta cataria H D C[87]
catarractae G of waterfalls Veronica catarractae H DS C[29]
catharticus G cathartic Rhamnus cathartica H D C[71]
caudatus L tailed, from cauda;[7] caudate Entandrophragma caudatum H DS C[45]
caulescens L stemmed, from caulis;[7] caulescent Mandragora caulescens H D C[56]
causticus G caustic Lithraea caustica H D
cauticola L cliff-dwelling, from cautes[7] Sedum cauticola H D C[88]
cavus L hollow[7] Corydalis cava H DS C[89]
centifolius L many-leaved, from centum,[7] one hundred Berberis centifolia* H DS
centralis L central Rubus centralis H DS
cephalotes G small-headed Leucas cephalotes H D
ceraceus L waxy, from cera;[7] ceraceous Eucalyptus ceracea H DS
cerasifer L cherry, from cerasus[7] Eucalyptus cerasiformis H D
cerasiformis H D
cerasinus L cherry-red Corybas cerasinus H DS
cerealis L agricultural[7] Secale cereale H D
cereus L waxy[7] Ribes cereum H DS C[51]
cerifer H D C[90]
cerinus H DS
cernuus L nodding;[7] cernuous Allium cernuum H DS C[71]
charianthus G elegantly flowered Ceratostema charianthum* H D
chasmanthus G gape-flowered Aconitum chasmanthum* D
cheiri G hand, possibly Bulbophyllum cheiri H
chimaera L monstrous; chimeric Bulbophyllum chimaera DS
chloodes G grass-green Centaurium chloodes* DS
chloracanthus L green-spined Haworthia chloracantha DS
chryseus G golden Nephelium chryseum H DS
ciliaris L fringed Cenchrus ciliaris H D
ciliatus H DS C[53]
ciliosus H D C[52]
cinctus L with a girdle; girding[7] Dacrycarpus cinctus H DS
cinereus L ash-gray, from cinis,[7] ashes Juglans cinerea H DS C[91]
cinerascens H DS
cinnabarinus G cinnabar-red Scadoxus cinnabarinus H DS C[92]
circinalis L curled, from circino, to round;[7] circinate Cycas circinalis H DS C[93]
circinatus DS C[77]
cirratus G with tendrils; cirrhose. (Also cirrhatus, cirrosus.) Fritillaria cirrhosa H DS
cirrhosus H DS C[94]
clandestinus L concealed[7] Pennisetum clandestinum H DS
clausus L closed; reserved[7] Pinus clausa H DS
clavatus L club, from clava[7] Lycopodium clavatum H DS
clavellatus D
clivorum L of the hills, from clivus[7] Hymenocallis clivorum DS
clypeatus L shield-shaped, from clipeus[7] Nepenthes clipeata H DS
clypeolatus H D
coarctatus L crowded; pressed together. From coarto.[7] Haworthiopsis coarctata H DS
coccifer L bearing berries Eucalyptus coccifera H D C[95]
coccineus L scarlet, from coccum[7] Banksia coccinea H DS C[96]
cochlearis L spoon-shaped Acacia cochlearis H DS
cochleatus L twisted like a snail shell, from cochlea,[7] snail Prosthechea cochleata H DS
coelestinus L sky-blue, celestial[7] Conoclinium coelestinum H D C[13]
coelestis H DS
coelicus L heavenly, from caelum[7] Rhododendron coelicum* D
coeruleus L blue[7] Aquilegia coerulea H DS C[54]
coerulescens L becoming blue Boronia coerulescens DS
cognatus L related[7] Acacia cognata H DS
collinus L of the hills, from collis[7] Erysimum collinum H DS
coloratus L coloured[7] Potamogeton coloratus H DS C[97]
colubrinus L snaky, from coluber[7] Anadenanthera colubrina H DS
columbarius L dove-blue; dove-like. From columba,[7] dove. Impatiens columbaria* H D C[98]
columnaris L columned, from columna, pillar[7] Araucaria columnaris H DS C[99]
columellaris H D
comatus L tufted, long-haired;[7] with comas. (Also comans.)[59] Hesperostipa comata H D
comosus DS C[59]
commixtus L mingled together[7] Aloiampelos commixta H DS C[100]
communis L common[7] Commelina communis H DS C[101]
commutatus L changed[7] Pterostylis commutata H D C[33]
compactus L dense; joined together[7] Triticum compactum H DS C[102]
complanatus L flattened out, from complano,[7] to level Eremophila complanata H DS
complexus L complex; clasped[7] Muehlenbeckia complexa H DS C[68]
complicatus L complicated; folded. From complico.[7] Indigofera complicata* H DS
compositus L well-ordered[7] Oplismenus compositus DS
compressus L pressed together[7] Potamogeton compressus H DS
comptus L adorned[7] Micropholis compta D
concavus L concave[7] Pterostylis concava H DS
concinnus L neat; pretty[7] Acacia concinna H DS
concolor L consistently coloured[7] Abies concolor H DS C[27]
condensus L crowded together; dense[7] Nothaphoebe condensa H D
condensatus H DS
confertus L crowded[7] Caladenia conferta H DS
conformis L symmetrical, from conformatio[7] Dipterocarpus conformis DS
confusus L confused[7] Iris confusa H DS C[25]
congestus L congested; heaped[7] Senecio congestus H DS C[103]
conglomeratus L crowded; rolled up. From conglobo.[7] Eremophila conglomerata H DS
conjugalis L joined[7] Dipteris conjugata D
conjugatus DS
conjunctus L connected[7] Bidens conjuncta H D
connatus L twin; connate Alectryon connatus H DS
conoideus G conical Pandanus conoideus H DS
conopseus G gnat-like Gymnadenia conopsea H D
consanguineus L kindred Columnea consanguinea H D
consolidus L stable, from solidus,[7] complete Xyris consolida* D
conspersus L sprinkled[7] Acacia conspersa H DS
conspicuus L conspicuous[7] Eucalyptus conspicua H DS C[103]
constrictus L constricted, from constringo[7] Prasophyllum constrictum H DS
contaminatus L contaminated[7] Lachenalia contaminata H S
contiguus L contiguous[7] Lomaridium contiguum DS
continentalis L continental Leptospermum continentale H DS
contortus L twisted[7] Pinus contorta DS C[104]
contractus L contracted[7] Festuca contracta H DS
controversus L disputed[7] Cornus controversa H D C[82]
copallinus L gummy. Originally from Nahuatl. Rhus copallinum H D C[51]
corallinus G coral-red Aloe corallina H DS
cordatus L heart-shaped; cordate Tilia cordata H DS C[105]
cordiformis H DS C[106]
coriaceus L leathery, from corium[7] Leptospermum coriaceum H DS
coriarius H D
corneus L horn-textured; corneous Lithocarpus corneus* DS
corniculatus L horned[7] Eucalyptus cornuta H DS C[40]
cornifer H D
corniger H D C[107]
cornutus H DS C[26]
cornucopiae L horn of plenty[7] Melaleuca cornucopiae H D
corollatus L with or like corollas, from corolla, little crown[7] Euphorbia corollata H DS
coronans L wreathed, from corona, garland or crown;[7] with a corona Eucalyptus coronata H DS
coronatus H DS
coronarius L used for garlands; forming a crown[7] Anemone coronaria H DS C[67]
corrugatus L wrinkled, from corrugo[7] Eucalyptus corrugata H DS
coruscans L shaking, from corusco[7] Millettia coruscans* D
corymbosus L clustered, from corymbus;[7] corymbose Ipomoea corymbosa H DS C[33]
corynephorus G club Caladenia corynephora DS
coryphaeus L leader[7] Sphagnum coryphaeum* DS
costatus L ribbed, from costa[7] Planchonella costata H DS
cotyledon G small cup Saxifraga cotyledon H
crassus L thick[7] Leavenworthia crassa H DS
crassiusculus H DS
creber L crowded; clustered; frequent.[7] Feminine crebra, neuter crebrum. Eucalyptus crebra DS
crenatus L scalloped; crenate Mairia crenata H DS C[108]
crenulatus H DS
crepidatus L slipper-like; wearing sandals[7] Dendrobium crepidatum H D
crepitans L creaking; rustling; rattling. From crepito.[7] Hura crepitans H D
cretaceus L chalky, from creta[7] Caladenia cretacea H DS
crinitus L long-haired Coccothrinax crinita H DS C[70]
criniger D
crispus L curled;[7] crisped Rumex crispus H DS C[57]
crispatus H DS
cristatus L crested; tufted[7] Agropyron cristatum H DS C[23]
croceus L saffron-yellow[7] Iris crocea H DS
crocatus H D
cruciatus L cruciform; tortured[7] Gentiana cruciata H DS
crucifer D
cruentus L bloodstained[7] Amaranthus cruentus H DS C[45]
crustatus L encrusted or hard-surfaced, from crusta;[7] crustose Saxifraga crustata H DS
crystallinus L glistening, from crystallus,[7] crystal Mesembryanthemum crystallinum H DS
ctenoides G comb-like Melaleuca ctenoides DS
cucullaris L hooded, from cucullus;[7] cucullate Psittacanthus cucullaris D C[62]
cucullatus H DS
cultratus L blade-shaped, from culter,[7] knife Crassula cultrata H DS
cultriformis H DS C[109]
cuneatus L wedge-shaped;[7] cuneate Adenanthos cuneatus, Banksia cuneata H DS C[110]
cuneiformis H DS
cupreus L coppery Erythranthe cuprea H DS
cupreatus H D
curtus L shortened[7] Pterostylis curta H DS
curvatus L curved, from curvus[7] Ribes curvatum H DS
cuspidatus L pointed, from cuspis, blade;[7] cuspidate Taxus cuspidata H DS C[111]
cyaneus G blue Commelina cyanea H DS C[71]
cyclops G round-eyed Acacia cyclops D
cylindraceus L cylindrical, from cylindrus[7] Imperata cylindrica H DS C[112]
cylindricus H DS C[59]
cymbiformis G boat-shaped Philotheca cymbiformis H DS
cymosus G having cymes Dichapetalum cymosum H D
dactylifer L finger-bearing; finger-like. From dactyl, finger.[7] Phoenix dactylifera H DS C[21]
dactyloides H DS
dasyanthus G with thickly hairy flowers. (Also dasycarpus, thick-fruited.)[113] Pedicularis dasyantha H DS
dealbatus L coated with white powder; whitened. From dealbo.[7] Melaleuca dealbata H DS C[109]
debilis L feeble[7] Helianthus debilis H DS
decandrus G ten-stamened Ceriops decandra H DS
decapetalus G ten-petalled Mentzelia decapetala H DS C[114]
decaphyllus G ten-leaved Oxalis decaphylla DS
deciduus L deciduous, from decido, to fall off[7] Larix decidua H DS C[115]
decipiens L deceptive, from decipio[7] Agave decipiens H DS C[116]
declinatus L bending away or down, from declino;[7] declinate Yucca declinata H DS
decolorans L faded or discoloured, from decolor[7] Achillea decolorans* DS
decompositus L divided, from de + composito[7] Lastreopsis decomposita H D
decorus L decorated; decorous[7] Rhododendron decorum H D C[79]
decoratus H DS
decorticans L stripping bark, from de + cortex[7] Geoffroea decorticans DS
decumanus L very large; of the tenth part[7] Canarium decumanum H D
decumbens L reclining; decumbent. From decumbo.[7] Viola decumbens H DS
decurrens L decurrent, from decurro[7] Calocedrus decurrens H DS C[117]
deflexus L bent (downward), from deflecto[7] Eucalyptus deflexa H DS
deformis L disfigured, from deformo[7] Pheladenia deformis H DS
dehiscens L split, from dehisco;[7] dehiscent Pentachondra dehiscens* DS
dejectus L low-lying or debased, from deiectus[7] Crassula dejecta H DS
delectus L beloved, from dilectus[7] Rubus delectus* DS
delicatus L delicate; delightful[7] Eucalyptus delicata H DS
delicatissimus L most delightful Plectranthus delicatissimus* D
deliciosus L delicious, from deliciae,[7] delight Monstera deliciosa H DS C[48]
deltoides G triangular; deltoid Populus deltoides H D C[62]
deltoideus H DS C[118]
demersus L submerged, from demergo[7] Ceratophyllum demersum H DS C[119]
deminutus L small, from deminutio[7] Bulbophyllum deminutum H S
demissus L sunken; lowly[7] Eremophila demissa H DS
dendricola G tree-dwelling; tree-loving Lomaridium dendrophilum D
dendrophilus H DS
dendroideus G tree-like. (Also dendromorphus, tree-shaped.)[120] Dendrolycopodium dendroideum H DS
densus L dense Stenanthium densum H DS
densatus H D
dentatus L toothed;[7] dentate Banksia dentata H DS C[121]
dentifer D
dentosus D
denticulatus H DS C[122]
denudatus L denuded, from denudo[7] Magnolia denudata H DS C[123]
depauperatus L poorly formed, from de + pauper,[7] poor Trifolium depauperatum H DS
dependens L hanging, from dependeo,[7] to hang from Bulbophyllum dependens H DS
depressus L depressed; sunken; low[7] Gaultheria depressa H DS
deserti L of deserts, from desertus[7] Agave deserti H DS C[55]
desertorum H DS
detersus L wiped clean, from detergeo,[7] to wipe away Connarus detersus* DS
detonsus L sheared, from detondeo[7] Hazardia detonsa H D
deustus L scorched, from deuro[7] Penstemon deustus H DS
diabolicus G two-horned; with a devilish appearance Acer diabolicum H D
diacanthus G double-thorned; double-spined Ribes diacanthum H D
diacritus G separated Hieracium diacritum* D
diademus G crown-like. Stearn and Harrison list diadema. Stylidium diademum* H D
diandrus G two-stamened Bromus diandrus H DS
diaphanus G transparent Cystopteris diaphana H DS
dichotomus G split in two; dichotomous Juncus dichotomus H DS C[124]
dichromus G two-coloured Verticordia dichroma H D
dichrous H D
dicoccus G two-berried Myriophyllum dicoccum* D
dictyotus G netted Lepidium dictyotum D
didymus G twinned Lepidium didymum H D
difformis L irregular; unusual Cyperus difformis H D C[125]
diffusus L spreading Turnera diffusa H D C[85]
digitatus L digitate (like an open hand), from digitus,[7] finger Diphasiastrum digitatum H DS C[124]
dilatus L scattered; expanded. From differo.[7] Viburnum dilatatum D
dilatatus H DS C[24]
dilutus L diluted[7] Centaurea diluta H S
dimidiatus L halved;[7] divided unequally Apodytes dimidiata H DS
dimorphus G with two different forms Caladenia dimorpha H DS
diodon G two-toothed Valerianella diodon* D
dioicus G dioecious Aruncus dioicus H DS C[126]
dipetalus G two-petalled Fraxinus dipetala H DS
diphyllus G two-leaved Cardamine diphylla H D C[127]
diplotrichus G having two kinds of hairs Polypodium diplotrichum* D
dipterus G double-winged Eucalyptus diptera H D C[75]
dipyrenus G two-fruited Ilex dipyrena* H DS
disciformis G arranged like a disc Quercus disciformis H DS
discoideus G disc-shaped; lacking rays; discoid Margaritaria discoidea H DS
discolor L of different colours;[7] discolorous Diospyros discolor H D C[83]
dispar L unequal;[7] unusual in the genus Boechera dispar H DS
dispersus L scattered, from dispergo[7] Mentzelia dispersa H DS
dissectus L segmented. (Also dissaepio.)[7] Lactuca dissecta H DS
dissimilis L different[7] (from the rest of the genus) Acacia dissimilis H DS
dissitus L spaced, from dissero,[7] to plant here and there Carex dissita DS
distachyus G two-branched; double-spiked Ephedra distachya H DS
distans L far apart[7] Hibiscadelphus distans H DS
distichus G alternately opposed; in two ranks Gasteria disticha H DS C[27]
distortus L distorted[7] Astragalus distortus H DS
distylus G two-styled Allocasuarina distyla H DS
diurnus L day-blooming; by day[7] Cestrum diurnum H DS
divaricatus L spreading wide, from divarico, to stretch apart;[7] divaricate Tabernaemontana divaricata H DS C[106]
divergens L spreading out, from di + vergo,[7] to bend or turn Acacia divergens H DS
diversiformis L diverse Romulea diversiformis* H DS
divisus L divided, from divido[7] Gunniopsis divisa H DS
dodecandrus G with twelve stamens Cordia dodecandra H DS
dolabratus G axe-shaped Hypericum dolabriforme H DS C[73]
dolabriformis H DS
dolichostemon G having long stamens Epimedium dolichostemon* DS
dolosus L deceptive Artemisia dolosa* H DS
domesticus L domestic; domesticated; of the house[7] Prunus domestica H DS C[25]
draco L dragon.[7] (Also dracunculus, little dragon.)[81] Dracaena draco H DS
drupaceus G stone-fruited; with drupes Juniperus drupacea H DS
drupifer H DS
dubius L doubtful; moving two ways[7] Nepenthes dubia H DS C[127]
dulcis L sweet[7] Eleocharis dulcis H DS C[107]
dumetorum L of thickets or hedges, from dumus[7] Dioscorea dumetorum H DS
dumosus L bushy[7] Ambrosia dumosa H DS C[128]
dunensis L of sand dunes. From Old English and Latin. Epipactis dunensis DS
duplex L double[7] Thryptomene duplicata DS
duplicatus H DS
durabilis L lasting[7] Acacia durabilis DS
durus L hard[7] Sporobolus durus H DS
duriusculus DS
dysentericus G for dysentery Eugenia dysenterica DS
ebenus L ebony. (Also ebeneus.)[7][4][6] Diospyros ebenum, Alangium ebenaceum* H D
ebenaceus D
ebracteatus L without bracts, from bractea, metal foil[7] Eremaea ebracteata H DS
eburneus L ivory[7] (the colour) Diuris eburnea H DS C[129]
echinatus L hedgehog, from echinus[6] Ceratophyllum echinatum H DS
eclecteus G select. (Also eclectus.)[10] Rhododendron eclecteum* D
ecornutus L hornless, from cornu, horn,[7] and cornutus[10] Impatiens ecornuta H DS
edulis L edible[7] Passiflora edulis H DS C[85]
effusus L unrestrained[7] Milium effusum H DS C[116]
elasticus G rubber; with latex Castilla elastica H DS C[101]
elatior L loftier Primula elatior H D C[32]
elatus L lofty[7] Cyrtanthus elatus, Leionema elatius H DS C[99]
elegans L elegant[7] Zinnia elegans H DS C[54]
elegantulus H DS
elegantissimus L most elegant Plerandra elegantissima H D C[130]
elephantum L of elephants, from elephantus[7] Lithocarpus elephantum* D
ellipsoidalis G ellipsoid Quercus ellipsoidalis H DS
ellipticus G elliptical Adenanthos ellipticus H DS C[82]
elongatus L elongated, from longus[7] Podocarpus elongatus H DS C[131]
emarginatus L notched, from margo, a border;[7] emarginate Leptospermum emarginatum H DS
emeticus G emetic Trichilia emetica DS
eminens L eminent Sorbus eminens H DS
encliandrus G with half-enclosed stamens Fuchsia encliandra* H
enneaphyllus G nine-leaved Echinocereus enneacanthus H DS C[132]
ensatus L sword, from ensis;[7] ensiform Stylidium ensatum H DS C[25]
ensiformis H DS
entomophilus G insect-loving; entomophilous Dioscorea entomophila* D
epigaeus G ground Corallocarpus epigaeus* DS
epiphyllus G (flowers) on the leaves Davallia epiphylla* H S
epiphyticus G (growing) on a (different) plant Dendrobium epiphyticum H S
epipsilus G sparse Viola epipsila D
episcopalis G episcopal Heliconia episcopalis D
equestris L equestrian[7] Leionema equestre H D
erectus L erect[7] Pterostylis erecta H DS C[69]
erinaceus L hedgehog Aloe erinacea H D
eriophorus G wool-bearing Cirsium eriophorum DS
erosus L erose Eucalyptus erosa H DS
erraticus L erratic;[7] non-generic Jacobaea erratica* DS
erubescens L blushing, from erubesco[7] Lophospermum erubescens H DS
erythrocarpus G red-fruited Gahnia erythrocarpa H DS
esculentus L edible[7] Abelmoschus esculentus H DS C[27]
estriatus L unstriped Ilex estriata* DS
etuberosus L without tubers, from tuber, a swelling[7] Solanum etuberosum DS
euchlorus G fresh-green Praecereus euchlorus H D
eudoxus G reputable Rhododendron eudoxum DS
evectus L elevated[7] Angiopteris evecta D
evertus L overturned, from everto[7] Alsophila everta D
exaltatus L lofty, from altus[7] Nephrolepis exaltata H DS C[133]
exaratus L engraved, from exaro[7] Agrostis exarata H DS
exasperatus L rough, from exaspero, to roughen[7] Bulbophyllum exasperatum DS
excavatus L hollowed out, from excavo[7] Calochortus excavatus H DS
excellens L excellent[7] Mimulopsis excellens* H D
excelsior L loftier[7] Fraxinus excelsior H D
excelsus L lofty[7] Alectryon excelsus H DS
excisus L excised[7] Manilkara excisa H DS
excorticatus L peeling or bare, from cortex, bark[7] Fuchsia excorticata H D
exiguus L paltry[7] Acianthus exiguus H DS C[84]
eximius L distinguished[7] Protea eximia H DS C[62]
exitiosus L toxic[7] Tanaecium exitiosum* D
exoticus G exotic; introduced Musa exotica DS
expansus L expanded, from pando[7] Goniothalamus expansus H DS
explodens L exploding Ronnbergia explodens* DS
exsculptus L carved, from exsculpo[7] Pronephrium exsculptum* DS
exsertus L protruding;[7] exserted Acianthus exsertus H DS
exsurgens L rising, from exsurgo[7] Galium exsurgens* DS
extensus L extended[7] Eucalyptus extensa H DS
exudans L exuding, from exudo[7] and exsudans[6] Acacia exudans DS
facetus L fine;[7] refined Rhododendron facetum H
falcatus L sickle[7] Sarcochilus falcatus, Cyrtanthus falcatus, Pterostylis falcata H DS C[74]
falciformis H DS
falcinellus H D
fallax L false[7] Eremophila fallax H DS
farinaceus L farinaceous, from farina, flour[7] Salvia farinacea H DS
farinosus H DS
fasciatus L bundled, from fascis;[7] fascicled Eremophila fasciata H DS C[23]
fascicularis H D
fasciculatus H DS
fastigiatus L pointed;[7] fastigiate Leptospermum fastigiatum, Boronia fastigiata, Verticordia fastigiata H DS
fastuosus L proud[7] Aerangis fastuosa H DS C[108]
fatuus L foolish;[7] insipid Avena fatua H D
febrifugus L anti-fever, from febris, fever[7] Dichroa febrifuga H D C[49]
fecundus L fruitful[7] Prasophyllum fecundum H S
femineus L feminine.[7] (Also femina.)[10] Restio femineus* DS
fenestralis L windowed, from fenestra;[7] fenestrate Beccariophoenix fenestralis H DS
ferax L fruitful[7] Fargesia ferax* H DS
ferox L fierce[7] Aconitum ferox, Datura ferox H DS C[43]
ferreus L iron[7] Mesua ferrea H DS
ferrugineus L rusty, from ferrugo[7] Lasiopetalum ferrugineum H DS C[134]
fertilis L fertile[7] Sporobolus fertilis H DS
ferus L feral[7] none DS
festivus L pretty;[7] festive Begonia festiva H D
festalis H D
fibrosus L fibrous, from fibra[7] Dicksonia fibrosa H DS
fibrillosus H DS
fictus L false[7] Brachyotum fictum D
filamentosus L filamented or filiform, from filum, filament[7] Caladenia filamentosa H DS
filiformis DS C[38]
filarius H D
filifer D C[55]
filicinus L fern, from filix.[7] (Also filiculoides.)[4][121] Azolla filiculoides H DS
fimbriatus L fringed, from fimbriae, fringe[7] Corybas fimbriatus, Eremaea fimbriata H DS
fimbriatulus D C[135]
firmus L firm[7] Aconitum firmum H DS
fissilis L fissured;[7] with fissures Melaleuca fissurata H DS
fissuratus H DS
fissus H DS
fistulosus L hollow, from fistula, tube[7] Allium fistulosum H DS C[90]
flabellatus L fanned-out, from flabellum[7] Hymenophyllum flabellatum, Eremophila flabellata H DS C[54]
flabellifer H D
flabelliformis H DS
flaccidus L limp, from flacceo;[7] flaccid. (Also flaccus.)[70] Yucca flaccida, Caladenia flaccida H DS C[67]
flagellum L whip.[7] (Also flagellifer.)[70] Rubus flagellaris DS
flagellaris H DS
flagelliformis H DS
flammula L flame[7] Alloxylon flammeum, Melaleuca flammea D
flammeus H DS
flavus L yellow[7] Glaucium flavum H DS C[23]
flavissimus L bright yellow Zephyranthes flavissima* H D
flavescens L light yellow, from flavesco[7] Diuris flavescens H DS C[136]
flavens H D
flaveolus H DS
flavidus H DS
flexilis L flexible[7] Pinus flexilis H DS C[104]
flexuosus L twisted;[7] flexuous Agonis flexuosa, Thelymitra flexuosa H DS C[89]
floccosus L woolly, from floccus, a lock of hair[7] Limnanthes floccosa H DS
flocculosus H D
flocciger H D
floribundus L flower-abundant, from abundo, to abound[7] Myoporum floribundum H DS C[137]
floridus L flowery[7] Cornus florida H DS C[138]
florifer H DS C[42]
fluitans L floating, from fluito[7] Glyceria fluitans H DS
fluviatilis L river[7] Melaleuca fluviatilis H DS C[83]
fluvialis H D
foeminus L feminine Lysimachia foemina DS
foetidus L fetid, from foedo[7] Passiflora foetida H DS C[139]
foetidissimus L most fetid Iris foetidissima H D
foliosus L leafy, from folium[7] Narcissus foliosus, Lepidium foliosum H DS C[140]
foliatus H DS
foliaceus H DS
foliolosus L leaflet, from folio;[10] with folioles Melaleuca foliolosa H DS
foliolotus H D
follicularis L follicled, from folliculus, a small bag[7] Cephalotus follicularis H DS
fontanus L fountain[7] Asplenium fontanum, Cerastium fontanum H DS
fontinalis DS
formosus L beautiful[7] Calothamnus formosus H DS C[54]
foveolatus L dimpled, from fovea, a small pit;[7] foveolate Cryptocarya foveolata, Chionanthus foveolatus H DS
fragilis L fragile[7] Opuntia fragilis H DS C[141]
fragrans L fragrant[7] Myristica fragrans H DS C[54]
fragrantissimus L most fragrant Lonicera fragrantissima H D C[142]
frigidus L frigid[7] (the habitat) Petasites frigidus H DS C[81]
frondosus L leafy;[7] with fronds Bidens frondosa H DS C[143]
frumentaceus L grain, from frumentum[7] Echinochloa frumentacea D
fruticosus L shrubby[7] Phlomis fruticosa H DS C[53]
frutescens H DS C[108]
fruticans H D C[113]
fruticulosus H D
fruticicola L shrubland. (Also fruticola.)[4] Bulbophyllum fruticicola, Henckelia fruticola* D
fucatus L painted[7] Trifolium fucatum H DS
fugax L fleeting;[7] fugacious Fontainea fugax H DS
fulgens L shining[7] Fuchsia fulgens H DS C[23]
fulgidus H DS C[144]
fuliginosus L sooty[7] Caladenia fuliginosa H DS
fullonum L of fullers Dipsacus fullonum D
fulvus L tawny[7] Iris fulva, Caladenia fulva H DS C[139]
fulvidus L light tawny Austroderia fulvida H DS C[145]
fulvescens H DS
fumidus L smoky[7] Thismia fumida* DS
fumosus L smoky Senegalia fumosa* DS
funebris L funereal[7] Cupressus funebris H D
fungosus L fungal, from fungus[7] Balanophora fungosa H DS
funiculatus L cord, from funiculus;[7] funicled Arenaria funiculata DS
furcatus L forked, from furca;[7] furcate Iris furcata H DS
furcans H D
furfuraceus L scaly, from furfures, bran[7] Zieria furfuracea DS C[146]
furiens L maddening, from furio[7] Cirsium furiens* D
fuscus L dark brown[7] Prasophyllum fuscum H DS C[60]
fuscatus H DS
fusiformis L spindle-shaped, from fusus[7] Billardiera fusiformis DS
futilis L useless[7] Bulbophyllum futile H D
galactinus G milky Rhododendron galactinum D
galanthus G milky-flowered Allium galanthum H DS
galeatus L helmeted[7] Verticordia galeata H DS
galericulatus H DS
gelidus L frigid[7] Campanula gelida H DS
geminatus L paired, from geminus, twin-born[7] Quercus geminata DS
gemmatus L budding, from gemma, bud[7] Caladenia gemmata H DS
gemmifer H DS
geniculatus L jointed;[7] bent Geum geniculatum H DS
geocarpus G buried-fruit Macrotyloma geocarpum DS
geometricus L geometrical[7] Weinmannia geometrica* D
geometrizans G geometrical Myrtillocactus geometrizans D
gibbus L gibbous;[7] humped Utricularia gibba H DS
gibberosus H D
gibbosus H DS
gigas L giant[7] Goniothalamus giganteus DS C[71]
giganteus H DS
gilvus L light yellow[7] Quercus gilva H DS
glaber L smooth[7] (feminine glabra, neuter glabrum) Calothamnus glaber H DS C[106]
glabellus H DS
glaberrimus L smoothest Melaleuca glaberrima D C[147]
glabrescens L balding Adenanthos glabrescens, Leptospermum glabrescens, Kunzea glabrescens H DS C[11]
glabriusculus L semi-smooth Atriplex glabriuscula H DS C[100]
glabratus H DS
glacialis L glacial[7] Epacris glacialis H DS
gladiiformis L sword, from gladius[7] Lepidosperma gladiatum D
gladiatus H D
glandiformis L glandular. (Also glanduliger.)[148] Anopterus glandulosus D C[53]
glandulosus H DS
glandulifer H DS
glaphyrus G polished Erica glaphyra* D
glaucus L glaucous[7] Casuarina glauca, Monotoca glauca, Cyathodes glauca H DS
glaucoides D C[91]
glaucescens L glaucescent Iris glaucescens H DS C[149]
glischrus G sticky Ageratina glischra* D
globifer L globe-bearing, from globus, globe[7] Melaleuca globifera H DS C[127]
globulifer H DS
globosus L globe.[7] (Also globulus.)[149] Physaria globosa, Gomphrena globosa H DS C[57]
globularis H DS
globulosus H DS
glomeratus L globular, from glomero[7] Campanula glomerata H DS
glomerulatus DS C[59]
gloriosus L glorious[7] Wahlenbergia gloriosa H D C[38]
glumaceus L glumed Conospermum glumaceum H DS
glutinosus L glutinous, from gluten, glue[7] Alnus glutinosa, Salvia glutinosa H DS C[105]
gongylodes G bulbous Cissus gongylodes* H DS
goniocalyx G angled-calyx Eucalyptus goniocalyx H DS
gracilis L slender[7] Marsippospermum gracile, Prasophyllum gracile, Cautleya gracilis H DS C[102]
gracilentus H D
gracilior L more graceful Afrocarpus gracilior D
gracillimus L most graceful Caladenia gracillima D
gramineus L grassy[7] Iris graminea, Pterostylis graminea H DS C[150]
grammopetalus G striped-petal, from grammo[10] Potentilla grammopetala* D
grandis L large[7] Banksia grandis, Micromyrtus grandis H DS C[151]
graniticus L granite Calothamnus graniticus H DS
granulatus L granular, from granum[7] Zieria granulata H DS
granulosus H DS
gratus L gratifying[7] Encephalartos gratus H DS
gratissimus L most gratifying Croton gratissimus H D
graveolens L strong-smelling[7] Durio graveolens H DS C[14]
griseus L grey Eucalyptus grisea H DS C[152]
grosseserratus L saw-toothed, from serratus, serrated.[7] Stearn hyphenates grosse-serratus. Veronica grosseserrata* H DS C[114]
grossus L coarse; large Banksia grossa, Eucalyptus grossa H DS
gruinus L crane, from grus[7] Erodium gruinum* D
gummifer L gummy Ceratopetalum gummiferum H D
gummosus H DS
guttatus L spotted, from gutta[7] Tuberaria guttata H DS C[153]
gymnocarpus G naked-fruited Rosa gymnocarpa H DS
gyrans L circling, from gyrus[7] Andropogon gyrans DS
habrotrichus G soft-haired Alseodaphne habrotricha* D
haematodes G bloody. (Also haematacanthus.)[112] Ferocactus haematacanthus, Cymbidium haematodes* H D
halophilus G salt-loving Iris halophila H DS
hamatus L hooked[7] Nepenthes hamata H DS
hamosus H DS
hastatus L spear, from hastatus;[7] hastate Salix hastata, Caladenia hastata H DS C[84]
hastilis DS
hastulatus H D
hastifer L spear-bearing Thelocactus hastifer DS
hebecarpus G fuzzy-fruited Senna hebecarpa H D C[52]
helix G helix Hedera helix H D
helodes G marsh Echinochloa helodes* H D
helvolus L light yellow-brown Strophostyles helvola H D
hemisphaericus L hemispherical, from sphaera, sphere[7] Quercus hemisphaerica H DS
hemitrichotus G half-hairy Rhododendron hemitrichotum* D
hepaticus G liver-coloured Anemone hepatica H S
heptaphyllus G seven-leaved Ipomoea heptaphylla H DS C[148]
herbaceus L herbaceous, from herba, herb[7] Smilax herbacea H DS C[95]
hesperus G western Parietaria hespera D
heterolepis G diverse-scaled Sporobolus heterolepis D C[154]
heterophyllus G diverse-leaved Cistus heterophyllus H DS C[99]
heterochromus G diverse-coloured Utricularia heterochroma D
heterodoxus G non-generic Heliamphora heterodoxa H D
heteromorphus G diverse-formed; heteromorphic Dypsis heteromorpha D
hexagonus G hexagonal Iris hexagona H DS
hexandrus G six-stamened Leersia hexandra H DS C[64]
hians L wide-open, from hio, to gape[7] Salvia hians H DS
hibernus L winter[7] Austrocactus hibernus* DS
hiemalis L winter.[7] (Also hyemalis.)[4][155] Caladenia hiemalis H DS C[138]
hieroglyphicus G hieroglyphic Vriesea hieroglyphica D
hircinus L goat[7] Hypericum hircinum H DS
hirsutus L hairy;[7] hirsute Calothamnus hirsutus, Stapelia hirsuta H DS C[77]
hirsutulus H D
hirsutissimus L hairiest Lupinus hirsutissimus H D C[94]
hirtus L hairy[7] Mimetes hirtus H DS C[144]
hirtellus H D
hispidus L bristly;[7] hispid. (Also hispidulus.)[48] Acalypha hispida H DS C[109]
holocarpus G whole-carpelled; whole-fruited Atriplex holocarpa DS
hololeucus G all-white Artemisia hololeuca* D
holosericeus G silk-covered Melaleuca holosericea H D
homolepis G evenly scaled Abies homolepis D C[151]
horizontalis G horizontal Cotoneaster horizontalis H DS C[103]
horridus L prickly[7] Banksia horrida, Hakea horrida H DS
hortensis L garden, from hortus.[7] (Also hortensius.)[156] Anemone hortensis H DS C[118]
hortorum H DS
hortulanus H DS
humifusus L humifuse; low-spreading, from humus, ground,[7] and fusus, spread out[7] Opuntia humifusa, Scaevola humifusa, Boronia humifusa H DS C[157]
humilis L low[7] Jasminum humile, Rivina humilis, Allocasuarina humilis H DS C[43]
hyalinus L glass, from hyalus;[7] hyaline Melica hyalina H DS
hybridus L hybrid, from hybrida, mongrel[7] Trifolium hybridum H DS C[158]
hylaeus G forest Theobroma hylaeum* H D
hylophilus G forest-loving Piper hylophilum D
hymenodes G filmy Alsophila hymenodes D
hyperboreus G far northern[7] Bidens hyperborea H DS
hypochon­driacus G melancholy Amaranthus hypochondriacus H D C[45]
hypogaeus G underground Arachis hypogaea H DS
hypoglaucus G glaucous-backed Cissus hypoglauca H DS
hypokerina G waxy-backed Berberis hypokerina D
hypophaeus G dark-backed Quercus hypophaea DS
hypoleucus G white-backed Lobelia hypoleuca H DS
hypophyllus G hypophyllous Phyllocladus hypophyllus H DS
hystrix G porcupine Schizolaena hystrix H D C[36]

See also

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Notes

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  1. ^ Words in the third column following "from" are related words from Classical Latin. The Latin and Latinised Greek words in the first column have masculine endings. If the genus is feminine, the -us ending generally becomes -a, -is is unchanged, and -er becomes -era, or occasionally -ra, as noted; other endings remain unchanged. For a neuter genus, -us becomes -um, -is becomes -e and -er becomes -erum, or occasionally -rum.
  2. ^ The arrow provides a link to the table row that describes the species epithet.
  3. ^ Since all of the references cited in the table except Coombes arrange their species epithets alphabetically, citations with page numbers are provided only for Coombes, and each source in the table except for Coombes is always represented by the same superscript.
  4. ^ Red links for species are followed by an asterisk linking to the genus.
  5. ^ The -um ending here denotes a genitive plural noun.
  6. ^ Harrison and Bayton list an -erus ending for many -fer and -ger epithets; Stearn occasionally gives an -ers ending.
  7. ^ The suffix -ulus and other diminutives can mean, among other things, "little" or "a little";[44] the exact meanings are beyond the scope of this list.

Citations

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  1. ^ Cullen, p. 38.
  2. ^ The Linnean Society.
  3. ^ Stearn, p. ix, x.
  4. ^ a b c d e f Harrison.
  5. ^ a b c Bayton.
  6. ^ a b c d e Stearn 2004.
  7. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz ca cb cc cd ce cf cg ch ci cj ck cl cm cn co cp cq cr cs ct cu cv cw cx cy cz da db dc dd de df dg dh di dj dk dl dm dn do dp dq dr ds dt du dv dw dx dy dz ea eb ec ed ee ef eg eh ei ej ek el em en eo ep eq er es et eu ev ew ex ey ez fa fb fc fd fe ff fg fh fi fj fk fl fm fn fo fp fq fr fs ft fu fv fw fx fy fz ga gb gc gd ge gf gg gh gi gj gk gl gm gn go gp gq gr gs gt gu gv gw gx gy gz ha hb hc hd he hf hg hh hi hj hk hl hm hn ho hp hq hr hs ht hu hv hw hx hy hz ia ib ic id ie if ig ih ii ij ik il im in io ip iq ir is it iu iv iw ix iy iz ja jb jc jd je jf jg jh ji jj jk jl jm jn jo jp jq jr js jt ju jv jw jx jy jz ka kb kc kd ke kf kg kh ki kj kk kl km kn ko kp kq kr ks kt ku kv kw kx ky kz la lb lc ld le lf lg lh li lj lk ll lm ln lo lp lq lr ls lt lu lv lw lx ly lz ma mb mc md me mf mg mh mi mj mk ml mm mn mo mp mq mr ms mt mu mv mw mx my mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni nj nk nl nm nn no np nq nr ns nt nu nv nw nx ny nz oa ob oc od oe of og oh oi oj ok ol om on oo op oq or os ot ou ov ow ox oy oz pa pb pc pd pe pf pg ph pi pj pk pl pm pn po pp pq pr ps pt pu pv pw Lewis.
  8. ^ Stearn.
  9. ^ POWO.
  10. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar Gledhill.
  11. ^ a b Coombes, p. 83.
  12. ^ Coombes, p. 251.
  13. ^ a b Coombes, p. 102.
  14. ^ a b Coombes, p. 260.
  15. ^ Coombes, p. 257.
  16. ^ Coombes, p. 240.
  17. ^ Coombes, p. 99.
  18. ^ Coombes, p. 268.
  19. ^ Coombes, p. 249.
  20. ^ a b c Coombes, p. 107.
  21. ^ a b Coombes, p. 231.
  22. ^ a b Coombes, p. 189.
  23. ^ a b c d e f g Coombes, p. 32.
  24. ^ a b Coombes, p. 128.
  25. ^ a b c d Coombes, p. 177.
  26. ^ a b c Coombes, p. 138.
  27. ^ a b c d Coombes, p. 23.
  28. ^ Coombes, p. 266.
  29. ^ a b Coombes, p. 300.
  30. ^ Coombes, p. 248.
  31. ^ a b c Coombes, p. 29.
  32. ^ a b c Coombes, p. 242.
  33. ^ a b c Coombes, p. 35.
  34. ^ Coombes, p. 184.
  35. ^ Coombes, p. 70.
  36. ^ a b Coombes, p. 96.
  37. ^ Coombes, p. 228.
  38. ^ a b c Coombes, p. 308.
  39. ^ a b Coombes, p. 171.
  40. ^ a b Coombes, p. 197.
  41. ^ Coombes, p. 206.
  42. ^ a b c Coombes, p. 271.
  43. ^ a b c d Coombes, p. 39.
  44. ^ Stearn 2004, p. 301.
  45. ^ a b c d Coombes, p. 41.
  46. ^ Coombes, p. 238.
  47. ^ Coombes, p. 87.
  48. ^ a b c Coombes, p. 31.
  49. ^ a b Coombes, p. 124.
  50. ^ a b c Coombes, p. 227.
  51. ^ a b c Coombes, p. 255.
  52. ^ a b c Coombes, p. 272.
  53. ^ a b c d e f Coombes, p. 42.
  54. ^ a b c d e f Coombes, p. 47.
  55. ^ a b c d Coombes, p. 34.
  56. ^ a b c Coombes, p. 33.
  57. ^ a b c Coombes, p. 72.
  58. ^ Coombes, p. 245.
  59. ^ a b c d e f Coombes, p. 43.
  60. ^ a b Coombes, p. 202.
  61. ^ Coombes, p. 121.
  62. ^ a b c d Coombes, p. 123.
  63. ^ a b Coombes, p. 216.
  64. ^ a b Coombes, p. 275.
  65. ^ Coombes, p. 74.
  66. ^ Coombes, p. 111.
  67. ^ a b c Coombes, p. 44.
  68. ^ a b Coombes, p. 210.
  69. ^ a b Coombes, p. 292.
  70. ^ a b c d Coombes, p. 82.
  71. ^ a b c d e f Coombes, p. 37.
  72. ^ Coombes, p. 276.
  73. ^ a b Coombes, p. 290.
  74. ^ a b c Coombes, p. 116.
  75. ^ a b Coombes, p. 160.
  76. ^ Coombes, p. 229.
  77. ^ a b c Coombes, p. 26.
  78. ^ Coombes, p. 263.
  79. ^ a b Coombes, p. 219.
  80. ^ Coombes, p. 50.
  81. ^ a b c Coombes, p. 52.
  82. ^ a b c Coombes, p. 104.
  83. ^ a b c Coombes, p. 67.
  84. ^ a b c Coombes, p. 262.
  85. ^ a b c Coombes, p. 194.
  86. ^ Coombes, p. 170.
  87. ^ Coombes, p. 213.
  88. ^ Coombes, p. 270.
  89. ^ a b Coombes, p. 106.
  90. ^ a b Coombes, p. 209.
  91. ^ a b Coombes, p. 134.
  92. ^ Coombes, p. 253.
  93. ^ Coombes, p. 114.
  94. ^ a b Coombes, p. 97.
  95. ^ a b Coombes, p. 136.
  96. ^ Coombes, p. 101.
  97. ^ Coombes, p. 246.
  98. ^ Coombes, p. 267.
  99. ^ a b c Coombes, p. 48.
  100. ^ a b Coombes, p. 277.
  101. ^ a b Coombes, p. 144.
  102. ^ a b Coombes, p. 69.
  103. ^ a b c Coombes, p. 108.
  104. ^ a b Coombes, p. 235.
  105. ^ a b Coombes, p. 38.
  106. ^ a b c Coombes, p. 84.
  107. ^ a b Coombes, p. 139.
  108. ^ a b c Coombes, p. 49.
  109. ^ a b c Coombes, p. 25.
  110. ^ Coombes, p. 86.
  111. ^ Coombes, p. 287.
  112. ^ a b Coombes, p. 143.
  113. ^ a b Coombes, p. 288.
  114. ^ a b Coombes, p. 163.
  115. ^ Coombes, p. 174.
  116. ^ a b Coombes, p. 181.
  117. ^ Coombes, p. 77.
  118. ^ a b Coombes, p. 59.
  119. ^ Coombes, p. 89.
  120. ^ Coombes, p. 203.
  121. ^ a b Coombes, p. 60.
  122. ^ Coombes, p. 243.
  123. ^ Coombes, p. 142.
  124. ^ a b Coombes, p. 76.
  125. ^ Coombes, p. 302.
  126. ^ Coombes, p. 46.
  127. ^ a b c Coombes, p. 180.
  128. ^ Coombes, p. 283.
  129. ^ Coombes, p. 135.
  130. ^ Coombes, p. 122.
  131. ^ Coombes, p. 225.
  132. ^ Coombes, p. 221.
  133. ^ Coombes, p. 54.
  134. ^ Coombes, p. 125.
  135. ^ Coombes, p. 273.
  136. ^ Coombes, p. 162.
  137. ^ Coombes, p. 182.
  138. ^ a b Coombes, p. 78.
  139. ^ a b Coombes, p. 165.
  140. ^ Coombes, p. 63.
  141. ^ Coombes, p. 117.
  142. ^ Coombes, p. 195.
  143. ^ Coombes, p. 66.
  144. ^ a b Coombes, p. 259.
  145. ^ Coombes, p. 105.
  146. ^ Coombes, p. 309.
  147. ^ Coombes, p. 57.
  148. ^ a b Coombes, p. 81.
  149. ^ a b Coombes, p. 137.
  150. ^ Coombes, p. 30.
  151. ^ a b Coombes, p. 24.
  152. ^ Coombes, p. 27.
  153. ^ Coombes, p. 207.
  154. ^ Coombes, p. 280.
  155. ^ Coombes, p. 133.
  156. ^ Coombes, p. 211.
  157. ^ Coombes, p. 218.
  158. ^ Coombes, p. 254.

References

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  • Bayton, Ross (2020). The Gardener's Botanical: An Encyclopedia of Latin Plant Names. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-691-20017-0.
  • Coombes, Allen (2012). The A to Z of Plant Names: A Quick Reference Guide to 4000 Garden Plants. Portland, Oregon: Timber Press. ISBN 9781604691962.
  • Cullen, Katherine E. (2006). Biology: The People Behind the Science. New York, New York: Infobase Publishing. ISBN 9780816072217.
  • Gledhill, David (2008). The Names of Plants. New York, New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9780521866453.
  • Harrison, Lorraine (2012). Latin for Gardeners: Over 3,000 Plant Names Explained and Explored. Chicago, Illinois: University of Chicago Press. ISBN 9780226009193.
  • Lewis, Charlton (1891). An Elementary Latin Dictionary. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780199102051. Available online at the Perseus Digital Library.
  • The Linnean Society (August 1992). "Publications by William T. Stearn on bibliographical, botanical and horticultural subjects, 1977–1991; a chronological list". Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. 109 (4): 443–451. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8339.1992.tb01443.x. ISSN 0024-4074.
  • POWO (2019). "Plants of the World Online". London: Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Archived from the original on March 22, 2017. Retrieved January 1, 2021. See terms of use.
  • Stearn, William (2004). Botanical Latin. Portland, Oregon: Timber Press. ISBN 9780881926279.
  • Stearn, William (2002). Stearn's Dictionary of Plant Names for Gardeners. London: Cassell. ISBN 9780304364695.

Further reading

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  • Brown, Roland (1956). Composition of Scientific Words. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution Press. ISBN 9781560988489.
  • Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert (2013). An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon. Mansfield Centre, Connecticut: Martino Fine Books. ISBN 9781614273974. Reprint of the 1888/1889 edition. Available online at the Perseus Digital Library.

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