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KTM Komuter

KTM Komuter is a commuter rail system in Malaysia operated by Keretapi Tanah Melayu (KTM). It was introduced in 1995 to provide local rail services in Kuala Lumpur and the surrounding Klang Valley suburban areas. Services were later expanded to other parts of Malaysia with the introduction of the Northern and Southern sectors.

KTM Komuter
Clockwise from top: A Class 92 set at KL Sentral Junction, A Class 92 set arriving at Sungai Buloh station, Interior of a KTM Skypark Link train.
Overview
OwnerRailway Assets Corporation
LocaleCentral Sector
(Tanjung Malim-Rawang-Kuala Lumpur-Port Klang;
(Batu Caves-Kuala Lumpur-Seremban-Pulau Sebang/Tampin)
Northern Sector
(Bukit Mertajam-Ipoh;
Butterworth-Ipoh)
Stations79 [Note 1]
Colour on map1 2 10 (Central Sector)
 1   2  (Northern Sector)
Websitewww.ktmb.com.my/ktmb
Service
TypeCommuter rail
Operator(s)Keretapi Tanah Melayu (Komuter Division)
Rolling stockKTM Class 81 3-car formation
KTM Class 83 3-car formation
KTM Class 92 6-car formation
Daily ridership85,120 (Third Quarter 2018)[1]
Ridership37.235 million (2017) [1]
History
Opened14 August 1995; 29 years ago (1995-08-14)
Technical
Line length560.8 km
Track gauge1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in) metre gauge
Electrification25 kV 50 Hz AC overhead line
Conduction systemWith driver
Route map

Greater KL / Klang Valley Integrated Transit Map
Source: SPAD as of July 2016

KTM Komuter Northern Sector Route Map
Source: KTMB as of 1 September 2016

The service uses air-conditioned electric multiple units in 3 and 6 car formations.

KTM Komuter contributed RM146.2 million to group revenue in 2017, carrying a total of 37.235 million passengers.[1] The total number of passengers travelling with KTM Komuter in 2017 shows a decrease of 10.2%. This can be attributed to reduced service frequency due to the ongoing Klang Valley Double Tracking (KVDT) rehabilitation project.

Network

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Current Network

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Line First operated Stations Length Terminal
Central Sector
1 Batu Caves-Pulau Sebang Line		 14 August 1995 32 135 km Batu Caves Pulau Sebang/Tampin
Central Sector
2 Tanjung Malim-Port Klang Line		 14 August 1995 27 126 km Tanjung Malim Port Klang
Central Sector
10 KL Sentral-Terminal Skypark Line		 1 May 2018 3 26 km KL Sentral Terminal Skypark
Northern Sector
 1  Ipoh-Butterworth Line		 11 September 2015 8 104 km Ipoh Butterworth
Northern Sector
 2  Padang Besar-Butterworth Line		 1 January 2016 13 169.8 km Padang Besar Butterworth
TOTAL 79[Note 2] 560.8 km  

Central Sector

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Main articles: Batu Caves-Pulau Sebang Line, Tanjung Malim-Port Klang Line, and KL Sentral-Terminal Skypark Line
 
KTM Komuter route map at Kajang 2

KTM Komuter's 287 km (179 mi) network in the Central Sector mainly covers the Klang Valley. It has 53 stations. It consists of two cross-city routes, namely the KTM Tanjung Malim-Port Klang Line and the KTM Batu Caves-Pulau Sebang Line.

Transfers between the two main lines can be made at any of the four stations on the central core: KL Sentral, Kuala Lumpur, Bank Negara and Putra. Same-platform or cross-platform interchange is available at Kuala Lumpur.

The KTM KL Sentral-Terminal Skypark Line is a limited express service for passengers headed towards Subang Airport. To save time, it only stops at Subang Jaya station. The link is the second of its kind in Malaysia. However, it is temporarily suspended due to low ridership.

The routes have been modified over the years. Previously, Batu Caves-Pulau Sebang line (formerly, Seremban Line) trains would head towards Tanjung Malim while the Tanjung Malim-Port Klang line (formerly, Port Klang Line) trains would head to Batu Caves. Following a successful trial, the routes were swapped. Trains from Seremban began heading towards Batu Caves, while trains from Port Klang headed towards Tanjung Malim. The train service from Seremban was extended permanently to Pulau Sebang/Tampin, hence the current name of the line.

The service is subject to overcrowding during rush hours. Several steps were taken to alleviate this. Firstly, the operator introduced a new queuing system, in which the lines are painted on the floor with three colour codes representing each of the train set. Trains were also run in 3+3 formations, although this has been discontinued with the introduction of six-car sets. An express service from Seremban to KL Sentral is available during rush hour.

Northern Sector

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Main article: KTM Komuter Northern Sector

The KTM Komuter Northern Sector (Malay: KTM Komuter Utara) service initially operated between Gurun in Kedah, Butterworth in Penang and Kamunting in Perak. This followed the completion of electrification works on that stretch.

The route has been modified multiple times since. Today, there are two lines, namely the Padang Besar-Butterworth Line and the Ipoh-Butterworth Line. Butterworth, Bukit Tengah and Bukit Mertajam are interchange stations between the two lines.

Southern Sector (future/discontinued)

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The KTM Komuter Southern Sector (Malay: KTM Komuter Sektor Selatan) operated from Seremban to Gemas following the completion of electrification works on that stretch. This was the second KTM Komuter service outside the Klang Valley after the northern counterpart. The Gemas and Batang Melaka stops were removed starting 20 June 2016 with the train running between Seremban and Pulau Sebang/Tampin. Subsequently, the shuttle service was terminated on 11 July 2016 when it was absorbed into the Batu Caves-Pulau Sebang Line.

On 14 March 2024, It was announced that the Southern Sector line will be re-introduced as a commuter service from Gemas to Paloh, and Paloh to JB Sentral, once the electrification and double tracking project[2] is completed. [3]

History

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The double-tracking project, which cost RM 1.5 billion, began in 1990. The project covers over a 150 km route stretching as far as Rawang, Port Klang and Seremban.[4] Overhead electric cables between Rawang and Sungai Buloh were activated in December 1994.[5] The first phase of the electric train service was planned to be from Sentul to Shah Alam via Kuala Lumpur.[5]

Despite being planned start operations in July 1995,[5][5] completion was delayed as of January 1995, causing the service to not launch on time.[6]

As part of KTM's efforts to get the public to "think commuter", KTM offered free rides of the service from 2 to 11 August 1995.[4]

The service started on 12 August 1995 from Kuala Lumpur to Rawang, on what was the original Seremban Line. The commercial run of the service began two days later. KTM Komuter initially had 18 EMU trains and additional 62 trains purchased at RM 180 million.[5] Each train carries about 240 passengers and would run at the speed of 100 kmh.[5]

The line was extended to Salak Selatan on 29 September 1995. Operations between Sentul and Shah Alam began on 28 August 1995, on what was the original Port Klang Line. This line was extended to Klang on 29 September 1995. The Seremban Line was extended to Kajang on 20 November 1995 and to Seremban itself on 18 December 1995. This would form the Komuter network for more than a decade.

In the early 2000s, more stations were added along the existing route. KL Sentral was added on 16 April 2001 and served as the new transport hub of Kuala Lumpur. Mid Valley station was added on 23 August 2004, serving the surrounding Mid Valley Megamall. Kepong Sentral was added on 1 July 2006.

The Seremban-KL Sentral express service was introduced on 9 December 2004 The service was discontinued later before being reintroduced again on 25 July 2018. These services run only during the rush hour.

The route was expanded for the first time since 1995 when train services on the Seremban Line were extended to Rasa in 2007. Initially, KTM Komuter services to the new stations north of Rawang was run as a shuttle service. The route was extended to Kuala Kubu Bharu in January 2008, and finally to Tanjung Malim on 1 June 2009. The Rawang-Tanjung Malim shuttle service was absorbed into the main Port Klang Line on 11 July 2016.

Women-only coaches were introduced on 28 April 2010.

The Port Klang Line was extended to Batu Caves on 29 July 2010. Four intermediate new stations, Batu Kentonmen, Kampung Batu and Taman Wahyu were opened with this extension.

The Seremban Line was extended from Seremban to Sungai Gadut on 14 May 2011 with an intermediate station at Senawang, and to Rembau in 2013.

Northern Sector services were introduced on 11 September 2015 between Gurun in Kedah, Butterworth in Penang and Kamunting in Perak. This followed the completion of the Ipoh-Padang Besar Electrification and Double-Tracking Project in December 2014. On 1 January 2016, a second line was introduced between Butterworth and Padang Besar in Perlis, while on 17 January 2016, the Gurun-Butterworth-Kamunting route was replaced with two separate routes: Butterworth-Gurun and Butterworth-Kamunting. The three-line service operated until 1 July 2016 when the Butterworth-Gurun route was dropped, and subsequently on 1 September 2016, the route took on its current form.

Southern Sector services were introduced on 10 October 2015 following the completion of the Seremban-Gemas Electrified Double Tracking Project on 30 October 2013. This service is the second KTM Komuter service outside the Klang Valley after its northern counterpart. The Gemas and Batang Melaka stops were removed starting 20 June 2016 with the train running between Seremban and Pulau Sebang/Tampin. Subsequently, the shuttle service was terminated on 11 July 2016 when it was absorbed into the Seremban Line.

From 15 December 2015, the routes of Seremban Line and Port Klang Line were switched as part of a six-month trial. Trains from Seremban began heading towards Batu Caves, while trains from Port Klang headed towards Rawang, and vice versa. Transfers could be done at the four shared stations. This change was made permanent, and the name of the lines we changed; from Seremban Line and Port Klang Line to Batu Caves-Pulau Sebang Line and Tanjung Malim-Port Klang Line respectively.

The KL Sentral-Terminal Skypark Line to Subang Airport was introduced on 1 May 2018.

Beginning 10 September 2018, all service abolished the cash ticketing system, cashless ticketing method was then compulsory.[7]

Stations

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The Komuter service was largely built from existing lines, with minor alterations (i.e. removal or abandonment of lines and replacement of wooden sleepers with concrete ones). Relevant station platforms were added and heightened to allow easier access to Komuter trains travelling in both directions.

Major pre-independence stations including Kuala Lumpur station, Klang station, Port Klang station and Seremban station were retained and upgraded to support Komuter services. Smaller, wood-based stations and halts along the line that were built at around the same time were either demolished and replaced by modern brick-and-concrete counterparts, or simply abandoned. The only exception to the rule is the old Sentul station, which has remained in service years since KTM Komuter's launch, albeit with a replacement platform.

The layouts and sizes of the new station buildings, as of the launch of the service in 1995, vary by location but are generally divided into two classes:

  • Railway halts, consisting of a small single-storey structure with only ticket counters (a ticket booth, ticket machines and faregates). The stations are usually placed along straightforward dual-lane lines.
  • Medium-sized and single-storey stations, housing both the ticket counters and station offices, and typically stationed along three or more lines. Such stations are typically intended to support additional responsibilities, such as managing railway signals, controlling points and handling goods services. The stations themselves are similar in design to the original wood-based stations along the line with slight hints of Western colonial designs (arches, wooden-and-glass windows and wooden doors), but are larger and modernised.

Some stations also have parking facilities.

The platforms of the 1995 stations are virtually standardised, down to the design of the passenger semicircle-crossed shelters, the use of similarly-styled foot crossings to link all platforms, and the diamonds-based brickwork of the platforms.

Depending on the number of patrons through the years, each station has undergone upgrades or expansions that consist of either increasing the number of ticket counters or opening new facilities for use by passengers or railway staff. Taller, wider canopies were erected on the platforms of most stations to replace narrower, original versions in 2006 and 2007. The pace of the upgrades varies by location.

During the 2000s, new stations such as the Mid Valley station appeared in more modern designs, consisting primarily of high, curved canopies above the entire platforms. Certain new stations along dual-lane lines are also included with facilities typically reserved for medium-sized stations, such as the Rasa station. The Kuala Lumpur Sentral station, however, is housed under the concrete base of the transport hub, and is stark and utilitarian in design.

Rolling stock

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The original Komuter rolling stock consists of three versions of three-car EMUs added over the course of three years, beginning in 1994. The EMUs were the first in KTM's history. All Komuter EMUs operate in multiple-unit formation, running from overhead single-phase 25 kV AC 50 Hz catenary supply, with two driving cars and 1 trailer car in between. The EMUs were state-of-the-art, with remote-controlled pneumatic doors, Automatic Train Protection (ATP), train data recorder, wheel-slip control, GTO/IGBT traction electronics and regenerative braking. Up to the point of their introduction, no other KTM motive power used these modern train control systems.

Designated by KTM as "Class 8x"s, the EMUs wear a yellow, blue and grey livery, a departure from the predominantly grey livery that KTM adopted on other locomotives and passenger coaches at the time. A handful of EMUs include full advertisements on the sides of their cars.

The original Komuter fleet consisted of the following models:

Class Image In service Cars per Set On order Manufacturer Remarks
Class 81 EMUs   4 3 N/A  -  Jenbacher Transport in (1994/1995) Designations EMU 01 to EMU 18. The trains were taken out of service in 2012, but four have returned to service after many years of refurbishment.
Class 82 EMUs   0 3 N/A   Union Carriage & Wagon in (1996/1997) Designations EMU 41 to EMU 62. All of the trainset are retired from service due to lack of spare parts and closure of the company's international division.
Class 83 EMUs   14 3 N/A   Hyundai Precision (now Hyundai Rotem) in (1996/1997) Designations EMU 19 to EMU 40. 14 sets remain in service, most of them currently service the KTM Komuter Northern Sector. Several sets were repainted with new livery for the formerly named Skypark Link.

The Class 8x suffered from more mechanical problems as they aged, especially the Class 81 and Class 82, which had poor reliability. The manufacturers of both classes had gone bankrupt since the trains were built, hence spare parts became unavailable. On paper, the number of serviceable units in 2010 stood at 53 out of the original 62, although there are reports of far fewer trains.[8] Ultimately, four Class 81 sets were refurbished, albeit with new motors from Hyundai instead of Jenbacher. All Class 82s were taken out of service.

In 2012, six-car Class 92s were introduced, replacing most of the Class 8x in the central sector. A handful of them remain, usually on the Kl Sentral-Terminal Skypark Line or Sentul-Batu Caves shuttle, but many have been reallocated to the northern sector.

Class Image In service Cars per Set On order Manufacturer Remarks
Class 92 EMUs   36 6 N/A   Zhuzhou Electric Locomotives Co Ltd[8]

Ticketing

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Passengers travelling on KTM Komuter may use the following ticketing options:

  • Mobile ticket (QR code) via KTMB Mobile app
  • Touch n' Go card (Klang Valley sector only. Not available at Northern sector).
  • Ticket Vending Machines (cashless payment via credit/debit cards only)
  • Ticketing counters at stations
  • Debit or Credit Card
  • NFC based mobile payment system (Apple Pay, Google Pay, Samsung Pay)[9]

Ridership

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Ridership statistics published by the Ministry of Transport are for all KTM Komuter services. No separate statistics for the individual lines or operational regions are published. Statistics before 1999 are also not available.

KTM Komuter Ridership[1][10][11]
Year Ridership Remarks
2019 30,405,000
2018 32,078,000
2017 37,235,000
2016 41,469,000
2015 49,690,000
2014 46,957,000
2013 43,942,000
2012 34,847,000
2011 35,510,000
2010 34,995,000
2009 34,683,000
2008 36,557,000
2007 36,959,000
2006 34,975,000
2005 30,935,000
2004 27,380,000
2003 24,645,000
2002 22,084,000
2001 20,929,000
2000 19,154,000
1999 17,168,000

Incidents and accidents

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  • On the evening of 3 March 2004, a Seremban-bound KTM Komuter train in the Seremban Line collided with the rear of another Komuter train facing the same direction, which had been waiting at a signal between Tiroi station and Seremban station for five minutes. Forty were injured, but no deaths were reported. The accident was ascribed to the faulty signal light (struck by lightning) that stopped the earlier train, though the driver of the rear-ending train is reported to have run a red light into the section occupied by the rear-ended train. The resulting crash disrupted KTM Komuter services along the line for a day. This is so far the worst accident involving the KTM Komuter service.
  • On 2 March 2007, a crane fell onto a KTM Komuter train track near the Sentul-Port Klang Route's Shah Alam Komuter station, stranding about 10,000 passengers and cancelling 40 trips. Alternative transport services were provided.[12]
  • On 25 May 2007, a person was killed after he was hit by a KTM Komuter train while crossing the tracks illegally. Deaths in this manner have occurred along Komuter lines before.
  • On 27 February 2008, overhead power cables between Subang Jaya and Petaling stations of the Sentul-Port Klang route broke, causing all train services to be modified to run on the Sentul-Petaling route instead.
  • On 22 October 2009, a multipurpose vehicle plunged into the railway track as it was heading from Kuala Lumpur towards Subang Jaya. Train services were disrupted, and the vehicle was towed away 3 hours after the accident.[13]
  • On 4 February 2013, A woman in her 50s was run over by a commuter train at the Taman Wahyu KTM Komuter Station. The victim was said to have been dragged 50m along the track in the incident.[14]
  • On 15 February 2013 at 23:00, an out-of-service KTM Class 92 SCS 20 derailed near Shah Alam station while returning to Sentul depot for maintenance. No one was injured. The train was heavily damaged and was subsequently written off.[15]
  • On 1 November 2013, a 3 coach KTM Class 83 derailed near Rawang station while moving through a track switch. No one was hurt in the incident. The two rear coaches were separated and towed away using a locomotive while the remaining front coach removed by use of cranes.[16]
  • On 18 September 2017, KTM train services suffered a major disruption after an electrical cable snapped at KM361.76 on the tracks between the Rawang and Kuang stations, causing closure to both of the rail tracks.[17]
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  •  
    KTM Komuter network, Klang Valley sector
  •  
    A train passing by a danger sign on the platform
  •  
    Putra Komuter station, an example of early design of a station prior to canopy upgrade
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    Mid Valley Komuter station, showing the new canopy roof
  •  
    KTM Komuter in KL Sentral
  •  
    The Tanjung Malim railway station is the northern terminus of the KTM Komuter network.
  •  
    The Class 81 (EMU14), one of the first batch of all EMU in Malaysia that were made at Jenbach, Austria.
  •  
    The Class 82 (EMU41, the last batch, built in South Africa) train, which has been abandoned and retired due to closure of the company and lack of parts.
  •  
    The Class 83 (EMU30, the second batch) built in South Korea, is still in use today for Ipoh-Butterworth-Padang Besar service.

See also

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Notes

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  1. ^ Counting transfer stations only once.
  2. ^ Counting transfer stations only once.

References

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  1. ^ a b c d "Statistic for Rail Transport" (in Malay and English). Ministry of Transport, Malaysia. Archived from the original on 7 July 2019. Retrieved 13 December 2018.
  2. ^ Rohaniza, Idris (14 March 2024). "Perkhidmatan komuter laluan selatan akan diperkenalkan". Berita Harian. Retrieved 19 March 2024.
  3. ^ https://www.bharian.com.my/berita/nasional/2024/03/1223371/perkhidmatan-komuter-laluan-selatan-akan-diperkenalkan. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  4. ^ a b "Free train rides". The Straits Times. 20 July 1995. Retrieved 28 April 2024.
  5. ^ a b c d e f "Electric trains to run in July next year". The Straits Times. 23 December 1994. Retrieved 28 April 2024.
  6. ^ "Mahathir unhappy over delay in KTM dual-track project". The Straits Times. 18 January 1995. Retrieved 28 April 2024.
  7. ^ Facebook. 10 September 2018 https://www.facebook.com/ktmberhad/photos/a.1320535074675750/1960696240659627/. Retrieved 19 February 2022. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  8. ^ a b "Chinese trains to expand KL Komuter fleet". Railway Gazette International. 26 November 2010. Archived from the original on 4 October 2011. Retrieved 28 November 2010.
  9. ^ Feb 09, seitha on; Pm, 2024 at 4:09 (9 February 2024). "KTM open payment system launched - debit/credit cards, Apple/Samsung Pay for Komuter; ETS excluded - paultan.org". Paul Tan's Automotive News. Retrieved 17 February 2024.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  10. ^ "Transport Statistics Malaysia 2016" (PDF) (in Malay and English). Ministry of Transport, Malaysia. Retrieved 4 September 2018.
  11. ^ "Transport Statistics Malaysia 2008" (PDF) (in Malay and English). Ministry of Transport, Malaysia. Retrieved 4 September 2018.
  12. ^ "Crane Falls On Rail Tracks, 10,000 Passengers Stranded". Bernama. 2 March 2007. Retrieved 20 June 2007.
  13. ^ "MPV plunges onto railway tracks". The Star. Kuala Lumpur. 22 October 2009.
  14. ^ "Woman run down by Komuter train". The Malaysian Insider. Kuala Lumpur. 4 February 2013. Archived from the original on 6 February 2013. Retrieved 4 February 2013.
  15. ^ Nurul Riduan Nor Ashaha (15 February 2013). "Komuter tergelincir di Stesen Shah Alam". SinarHarian (in Malay). Retrieved 31 October 2013.
  16. ^ "KTM Komuter train derails near Rawang station". The Star. Kuala Lumpur. 1 November 2013.
  17. ^ "KTM train services to be fully restored by Monday".
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