Dongxiang Autonomous County (simplified Chinese: 东乡族自治县; traditional Chinese: 東鄉族自治縣; pinyin: Dōngxiāngzú Zìzhìxiàn; Santa: Dunxianzu Zizhixien) is an autonomous county in the Linxia Hui Autonomous Prefecture, province of Gansu of the People's Republic of China. It was established as a Dongxiang ethnic autonomous area in 1950.[3] Historically, Dongxiang has long been directly under the jurisdiction of Linxia. During the Republic of China (1912–1949) period, its area was divided between the surrounding counties.[4]
Dongxiang Autonomous County
东乡族自治县 | |
|---|---|
 Dongxiang Autonomous County, as seen from across the Daxia River in neighboring Linxia County | |
 Dongxiang in Linxia | |
.png) Linxia in Gansu | |
  Dongxiang Autonomous County Location in Gansu  Dongxiang Autonomous County Location in China | |
| Coordinates: 35°39′50″N 103°23′21″E / 35.6638°N 103.3893°E | |
| Country | China |
| Province | Gansu |
| Autonomous prefecture | Linxia |
| County seat | Suonan |
| Area | |
| • Total | 1,510 km2 (580 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 2,000 m (7,000 ft) |
| Highest elevation | 2,664 m (8,740 ft) |
| Lowest elevation | 1,736 m (5,696 ft) |
| Population (2020)[2] | |
| • Total | 290,034 |
| • Density | 190/km2 (500/sq mi) |
| • Dongxiang people | 335,500 (87.9%) |
| Time zone | UTC+8 (China Standard) |
| Postal code | 731400 |
| Website | www |
,_Gansu,_1978.jpg)
Its population in 2020 was 381,700, 88% of whom belonging to the Dongxiang minority group. As of 1993, half of the total Dongxiang minority population lived in the county.[5][6]
At least until the end of the 20th century, Dongxiang County was very impoverished and undeveloped, having a literacy rate of just 15%, the lowest in China.[7] In 2017, it had the highest poverty rate of Gansu, already the poorest province in China.[4]
Dongxiang County has a typical Loess Plateau landscape, with numerous gullies and mountains and a dry climate.
Administrative divisions
editDongxiang Autonomous County is divided to 8 towns and 16 townships.[8]
- Towns
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- Townships
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Climate
edit| Climate data for Dongxiang, elevation 2,421 m (7,943 ft), (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1981–2010) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 12.7 (54.9) |
18.9 (66.0) |
24.4 (75.9) |
27.4 (81.3) |
27.8 (82.0) |
29.2 (84.6) |
33.5 (92.3) |
31.1 (88.0) |
27.5 (81.5) |
22.0 (71.6) |
16.9 (62.4) |
13.2 (55.8) |
33.5 (92.3) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −1.0 (30.2) |
2.3 (36.1) |
7.7 (45.9) |
13.9 (57.0) |
17.7 (63.9) |
20.9 (69.6) |
22.6 (72.7) |
21.5 (70.7) |
16.6 (61.9) |
11.3 (52.3) |
6.0 (42.8) |
0.6 (33.1) |
11.7 (53.0) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −6.5 (20.3) |
−3.5 (25.7) |
1.6 (34.9) |
7.4 (45.3) |
11.4 (52.5) |
15.0 (59.0) |
16.9 (62.4) |
15.9 (60.6) |
11.6 (52.9) |
6.2 (43.2) |
0.6 (33.1) |
−4.7 (23.5) |
6.0 (42.8) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −10.1 (13.8) |
−7.3 (18.9) |
−2.5 (27.5) |
2.8 (37.0) |
6.9 (44.4) |
10.8 (51.4) |
12.8 (55.0) |
12.1 (53.8) |
8.2 (46.8) |
2.8 (37.0) |
−3.1 (26.4) |
−8.4 (16.9) |
2.1 (35.7) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −20.9 (−5.6) |
−18.8 (−1.8) |
−16.3 (2.7) |
−10.1 (13.8) |
−6.4 (20.5) |
2.0 (35.6) |
6.4 (43.5) |
4.7 (40.5) |
−0.6 (30.9) |
−12.8 (9.0) |
−16.5 (2.3) |
−22.5 (−8.5) |
−22.5 (−8.5) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 5.8 (0.23) |
8.6 (0.34) |
17.2 (0.68) |
30.0 (1.18) |
63.1 (2.48) |
70.2 (2.76) |
105.6 (4.16) |
109.3 (4.30) |
72.5 (2.85) |
38.6 (1.52) |
8.4 (0.33) |
3.2 (0.13) |
532.5 (20.96) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 5.8 | 6.2 | 8.2 | 8.2 | 11.3 | 13.7 | 14.6 | 14.0 | 14.0 | 9.9 | 4.9 | 3.6 | 114.4 |
| Average snowy days | 8.3 | 8.1 | 10.1 | 5.8 | 1.4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.1 | 3.9 | 6.1 | 5.5 | 49.3 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 54 | 55 | 53 | 52 | 57 | 63 | 70 | 73 | 77 | 72 | 58 | 52 | 61 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 202.3 | 189.6 | 211.8 | 226.6 | 238.6 | 230.0 | 236.6 | 218.4 | 164.9 | 184.7 | 203.2 | 212.7 | 2,519.4 |
| Percent possible sunshine | 65 | 61 | 57 | 57 | 55 | 53 | 54 | 53 | 45 | 54 | 67 | 71 | 58 |
| Source: China Meteorological Administration[9][10] | |||||||||||||
Culture
editDongxiang County is the birthplace and center of Dongxiang culture.[4] Its specialty food includes Pinghuo, a dish of steamed lamb.[11][12]
Transport
editSources
edit- ^ Weixian, Yin (1998). "Dongxiang Autonomous County (Gansu Province)". Chinese Education & Society. 31 (3): 53–76. doi:10.2753/CED1061-1932310353.
- ^ "临夏州第七次全国人口普查公报" (in Chinese). Government of Linxia Prefecture. 2021-06-08.
- ^ Schwarz, Henry G. (1984). The Minorities of Northern China: A Survey. Bellingham, Washington: Western Washington. ISBN 0-914584-17-0.
- ^ a b c 县情概况. 东乡族自治县人民政府门户网站 (in Chinese). Archived from the original on 2020-09-27. Retrieved 2021-03-26.
- ^ Chuluu, Üjiyediin (1994). Introduction, Grammar and Sample Sentences for Dongxiang. University of Pennsylvania, Department of Asian and Middle Eastern Studies.
- ^ Du, Ruofu; Yip, Vincent F. (1993). Ethnic Groups in China. Beijing: Science Press. ISBN 7-03-003325-6.
- ^ Goldstein, Alice; Feng, Wang, eds. (1996). China: The Many Facets of Demographic Change. Boulder, CO: Westview Press. ISBN 0-8133-9002-8.
- ^ 2019年统计用区划代码 > 东乡族自治县. 国家统计局 (in Chinese). Retrieved 2022-09-17.
- ^ 中国气象数据网 – WeatherBk Data (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 27 August 2023.
- ^ 中国气象数据网 (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 27 August 2023.
- ^ 东乡平伙. 东乡族自治县人民政府门户网站 (in Chinese). 2017-11-02. Retrieved 2021-03-26.
- ^ 最有家乡风情和记忆的羊肉平伙. 澎湃 (in Chinese). 2021-03-01. Retrieved 2021-03-26.
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