Damian David George Warner (born November 4, 1989) is a Canadian track and field athlete specializing in decathlon. He is the 2020 Olympic champion and a four-time world medallist (silver in 2015 and 2023, bronze in 2013 and 2019). Warner also won the bronze medal at the 2016 Summer Olympics and was the 2014 Commonwealth champion and a two-time Pan American champion from the 2015 and 2019 Games. Competing in the heptathlon, he is the 2022 World Indoor champion.
Personal information | |
---|---|
Full name | Damian David George Warner |
Born | London, Ontario, Canada | November 4, 1989
Height | 184 cm (6 ft 0 in)[1] |
Weight | 83 kg (183 lb)[1] |
Sport | |
Country | Canada |
Sport | Track and field |
Event | Decathlon |
Achievements and titles | |
Personal best(s) | Decathlon: 9018 NR (Tokyo 2021) Hepthalon: 6489 NR (Belgrade 2022) |
Medal record | |
Updated on August 4, 2024 |
Warner holds the Olympic Games, Pan Am Games and the Canadian national records for the decathlon and the fourth-highest decathlon score in history (9018 points). Notable for his sprinting, Warner holds decathlon bests in the 100 m and 110 m hurdles, running a 10.12 and 13.27, respectively. He formerly held the decathlon best in the long jump (8.28 m) as well.
Career
editEarly life and career
editWarner was born on November 4, 1989, in London, Ontario to Kevin Warner and Brenda Philpott.[2] He attended Montcalm Secondary School where he first showed his athleticism in Grade 10 on the football field and basketball courts. [3] Warner's natural talent saw him move effortlessly into the athletics scene and by the age of 20, he had won silver in the decathlon at the 2010 Canadian championships with a final score of 7449.[4] He continued to improve over the next two years, winning the decathlon in the next two national championships.[5][6] His winning performance of 8107 in the 2012 championships was below the Olympic A qualifying standard of 8200, but in combination with his perceived future potential, he was selected to represent Canada at the 2012 Summer Olympics.[7] Warner placed fifth at the 2012 Summer Olympics in London, with a point total of 8442, a jump of 335 points over his previous best score.[8][9][10]
2013: World Championship bronze
editIn his first outing of 2013, Warner won at the high-profile Hypo Meeting with a score of 8307 points, including bests of 2.09 m in the high jump and 62.84 m in the javelin throw.[11] Following this, Warner went into the 2013 World Championships in Athletics; after the first day, he was in fifth place, but on the second day, he tied a personal best in the pole vault and threw a personal best in the javelin to fight his way into the bronze medal position.[12] After achieving his medal he said "This is such a great feeling, all the hard work my coaches and I put into this the last couple of years. In 2011 I finished 18th and saw the three medallists running around the track with their country's flags draped over their shoulders; I told my coaches that I want that to be me, pretty special feeling to achieve that."[12] Warner's final score of 8,512 was a new personal best and was the first time a Canadian reached the podium in the decathlon at the World Championships since Mike Smith in 1995. He ended his 2013 season with a win at the Decastar meeting with a tally of 8161 points.[13]
2014: Commonwealth Games champion
editThe 2014 Commonwealth Games took place in Glasgow, Scotland. There Warner participated in the decathlon, winning the event with a score of 8,282.[14] This was Warner's first decathlon of the year as he was sidelined much of the year with an ankle injury. Despite this, he ran to a 10.29 in the 100 m, a games record for the decathlon, while also setting a PB in the 400 at 47.68.[15] He finished the second day with a games record in the 110 m hurdles in a time of 13.50.[16]
2015: Pan Am champion and World Championship silver
editIn 2015 Warner competed for the first time at the Hypo-Meeting in Götzis, but all three of his shot put attempts and did not finish the event.[17] The next major event for him was the 2015 Pan American Games on home soil in Toronto. Warner came into the event as the favourite and broke the national and Pan Am Games records with a score of 8,626. This beat Smith's record, which had stood since 1996.[18]
One month later, at the 2015 World Championships in Athletics, Warner set a new national record of 8695 points and won a silver medal, behind Ashton Eaton's new world record.[19]
2016: Olympic bronze
editAt the 2016 Olympics decathlon in Rio de Janeiro, Warner was initially in second place behind Ashton Eaton, but following a surge by France's Kevin Mayer and mediocre performances in the shot put and high jump he dropped to third place by the end of the first day. On the second day, he regained second place, following a first-place finish in the 110-metre hurdles, but dropped behind Mayer again. Following the pole vault, he threatened to fall behind Kai Kazmirek but ultimately protected his third-place position with the javelin throw. He finished in third place behind Eaton and Mayer, earning the bronze medal and becoming the second Canadian to medal in the decathlon, following Dave Steen at the 1988 Olympics in Seoul.[20]
2017: World Championships
editWarner competed at the 2017 IAAF World Championships. Unfortunately, he had to be quarantined after coming down with the norovirus that affected many athletes in London that year.[21] Warner struggled on the first day of competition and had to settle for fifth overall.
2018: Commonwealth Games
editWarner was named to the Canadian team for the 2018 Commonwealth Games, where he was widely considered the frontrunner to defend his 2014 title. Warner performed strongly on the first day of the decathlon, and midway through the second day, with seven events completed, was leading. However, disaster struck during the pole vault when Warner failed to clear any height, immediately dropping from first place to sixth. With no chance of winning a medal, Warner opted to withdraw from the contest.[22]
Following his disappointment in Australia, Warner won his fourth (and third consecutive) Hypo-Meeting, setting a new Canadian record in the process.[23]
2019: World bronze, Pan Am gold
editIn May 2019, Warner won his fifth Hypo-Meeting, becoming one of only three athletes to win the event five times. In the process, he broke his own record for the decathlon best in the 100m sprint with a time of 10.12 seconds and set a new personal best in the shot put.[24]
Warner competed in the 2019 Pan American Games in Lima, aiming to defend his 2015 title. Despite lingering ankle pain, he successfully repeated as the decathlon champion, finishing 273 points ahead of silver medalist Lindon Victor of Grenada. Fellow Canadian decathlete Pierce LePage joined him on the podium as bronze medalist.[25]
Warner concluded the season with the decathlon the 2019 World Championships in Doha. Midway through the event, defending champion Kevin Mayer of France withdrew due to injury, briefly making Warner the perceived favourite for the gold medal. However, Warner performed below his normal standard in some events and was in second place heading into the final segment of the competition, the 1500m race. He finished ninth in that segment, below his personal best time, and dropped to third place overall behind a surging Niklas Kaul of Germany and Estonia's Maicel Uibo. This was his third World championship medal.[26] However, with the COVID-19 pandemic forcing the cancellation of the 2020 international athletic season and the delaying of the Tokyo Olympics, it would prove to be his final competition for almost two years.[27]
2021: Olympic gold
editThe pandemic brought additional challenges for Warner, as the training facilities at the University of Western Ontario were closed, and he was unable to travel to the United States to train. Instead, he and his coaches transformed the unheated interior of London, Ontario's 66-year-old Farquharson Arena into a decathlete training facility. However, he later credited the time away from competition as affording the opportunity to heal persistent ankle injuries.[27]
Warner returned to competition at the 2021 Hypo-Meeting, where he became the first man to win six event titles. He set his third decathlon best, this time in the long jump, at 8.28m, and a new personal and national record in overall points, with 8,995 points. He was only five points short of becoming the fourth decathlete in history to score 9000 points.[27]
The decathlon event at the 2020 Summer Olympics was widely considered at the outset to be a contest for gold between Warner and French rival Kevin Mayer. On day one, Warner opened the event by repeating his world decathlon best time of 10.12 in the 100 m sprint, setting an Olympic Games record in the process. In the long jump, he recorded a distance of 8.24 metres, another Olympic record and just 0.04 shy of the world decathlon best he had set earlier at the Hypo-Meeting. His distance would have earned him a bronze medal in the long jump. He then set a season-best in the shot put, reaching 14.80 metres in his third throw.[28] In the high jump, he cleared 2.02 m but conceded ground to Mayer, who successfully cleared 2.08 m. Warner closed out the day in the 400 m, recording a season-best time of 47.48, finishing third behind Australian Ashley Moloney and compatriot Pierce LePage. Halfway through, Warner was in first place with 4722 points, 81 points ahead of Moloney.[29]
Day two of the Olympic decathlon began with Warner running the 110 m hurdles in 13.46, one-tenth of a second slower than his season-best but an Olympic record, his third of the competition. He then recorded a 48.67 m opening discus throw, which would end up being the third-best in the field, ahead of Mayer. In the pole vault, traditionally his weakest event, Warner equalled his previous personal best of 4.90 m. Mayer cleared 5.20 m in the same segment where he was expected to make up significant ground, and as a result, Warner maintained a lead of 361 points on his main rival at the end of eight of the ten events.[30] Resuming competition in the afternoon, Warner's best javelin throw covered 63.44 m, close to his personal best. Mayer threw a new personal best distance of 73.09, gaining 147 points on Warner, but this still left Warner ahead by 214 points going into the closing 1500 m race. Warner came fifth in that segment, taking the gold medal and, in the process, becoming the fourth decathlete to score over 9000 points with a score of 9018. This was also a new Olympic record. He was the second Canadian man to win a medal at the Tokyo Olympics, after Andre De Grasse.[31]
As a result of his achievement, Warner was named as Canada's flagbearer for the Olympics closing ceremonies.[32] Warner subsequently stated that he hoped to compete at the 2024 Summer Olympics in Paris to defend his title.[33] At the end of the year, Warner was recognized with both the Lionel Conacher Award from the Canadian Press as the country's top male athlete and the Lou Marsh Trophy for Canada's top athlete.[34][35]
2022: World heptathlon gold
editWarner was scheduled to begin his season in March at the heptathlon event at the 2022 World Athletics Indoor Championships in Belgrade, but told his coaches in mid-February that he felt "terrible" and unprepared for competition. After extensive work with his coach, physiotherapist, and sports psychologist, he said, "there's still a little bit of that funk in me, but I'm headed in the right direction with the steps we've taken this year from a technical standpoint and training-wise." His main rival, Mayer, was absent due to health complications from contracting COVID-19. Competing at the Indoor Championships, Warner set new personal bests in the 60 m sprint, the 60 m hurdles, and the long jump, the last of those also a new national record, and took the gold medal with a national record score.[36]
Attending the 2022 Hypo-Meeting, Warner was narrowly in second place after the first day of competition, two points behind Swiss decathlete Simon Ehammer, who broke Warner's decathlon best long jump performance at the previous year's meeting.[37] On the second day he took the points lead in the hurdles event, and then maintained it through the remainder, winning his seventh (and sixth consecutive) event title.[38]
Warner opted to withdraw from the Canadian track and field championships, citing the need to manage a chronically sore knee in advance of the 2022 World Athletics Championships.[39] Beginning his quest for the World title at Hayward Field in Eugene, Oregon, Warner finished first in both the 100 m and the long jump on opening day, before posting season's best distances in both the high jump and the shot put. He equaled principal rival Kevin Mayer in the high jump and narrowly beat him in the shot put, traditionally one of Mayer's areas of strength. As a result, he enjoyed a clear lead going into the final event of the first day, the 400 m, but suffered an apparent hamstring injury on the track and was forced to withdraw, ending his competition. Warner said he was "just going to go back and hope this heals and do what every other athlete does and get stronger, and hopefully get myself back on top of the world once again."[40][41]
It was subsequently determined that Warner had suffered a hamstring strain rather than a more serious tear and was projected to take between six and eight weeks away from training. His coach, Gar Leyshon, speculated that he had a pattern of becoming injured in seasons where he had earlier competed at the World Indoor Championships.[42]
2023: World silver
editWarner sustained a hip injury in April after a fall in a hurdling event in Louisiana. A subsequent flareup of this hip pain during the 2023 Hypo-Meeting hampered his performance, and he finished second in the event behind LePage, who he praised, saying "the better man won today."[43] Warner said he would take a break from training to allow his hip to recover.[44]
Competing at the 2023 World Athletics Championships, Warner began the first day of competition by finishing first in the 100 m, before coming third in the long jump and recording season's best results in both the shot put and the high jump. He was sixth in the 400 m, where he had bowed out of the competition the prior year, saying afterward that there were "no flashbacks." He ended the day in third place, behind LePage and German Leo Neugebauer.[45] On the second day, Warner once again won the hurdles and overtook Neugebauer for second place. Over the course of the remaining events he fell back of LePage, and subsequent to the javelin throw was again third, this time behind Lindon Victor of Grenada, but overtook Victor in the 1500 m final and won his fourth World medal, a second silver, while LePage won the gold medal, a first for Canada in the decathlon. Warner commented on his younger teammate's success that "Pierce was really awesome and I'm very happy for him, but I'm very proud of myself, too. I wanted to get the gold, but it makes it a little bit better to have another Canadian winning it."[46]
2024: Paris Olympics
editAs a preliminary to the Olympics, Warner competed at the 2024 Hypo-Meeting in Götzis. Trailing Swiss decathlete Simon Ehammer after the first day, he overtook him in the discus throw and remained in first place for the remaining events, winning his eighth event title.[47]
It had been anticipated that Warner and the younger LePage would both be title contenders at the 2024 Summer Olympics in Paris, but LePage had to withdraw due to a disc herniation. As well, Warner's longtime rival Kevin Mayer suffered a thigh injury suffered in a Diamond League race and was ruled unable to compete as a result. The oldest decathlete in the field at age 34, Warner and his coaches modified his training regimen to reflect this.[48] Warner fared well in the first seven events of the Olympic decathlon, and was in second place, 72 points behind Germany's Leo Neugebauer. He received no points in the pole vault after failing to clear his opening height of 4.60 metres in three attempts, effectively ruling him out of medal contention. Warner chose not to compete in the final two events of the competition.[49]
Personal life
editWarner and partner Jennifer Cotten, a former elite hurdler, became the parents of a son, Theo, in March of 2021.[50]
Personal bests (outdoor)
edit- As of August 5, 2021[51]
Event | Performance | Location | Date | Points |
---|---|---|---|---|
Decathlon | 9,018 points | Tokyo | August 4–5, 2021 | 9,018 points |
100 metres | 10.12[a] | Götzis | May 25, 2019[53] | 1,066 points |
Tokyo | August 4, 2021 | |||
Long jump | 8.28[b] | Götzis | May 29, 2021 | 1,133 points |
Shot put | 15.34 | Götzis | May 25, 2019[54] | 811 points |
High jump | 2.09 | Götzis | May 25, 2013 | 887 points |
400 metres | 46.54 | Athens, Georgia | April 30, 2016 | 981 points |
110 metres hurdles | 13.27 | Edmonton | July 4, 2015[55] | |
13.36[a] | Toronto | July 23, 2015[56] | 1,059 points | |
Discus throw | 50.26 | Santa Barbara | March 19, 2016 | 876 points |
Pole vault | 4.90 | Bolton, Ontario | July 16, 2016 | 880 points |
Javelin throw | 64.67 | Moscow | August 11, 2013 | 808 points |
1500 metres | 4:24.73 | Toronto | July 23, 2015 | 780 points |
Virtual Best Performance | 9,281 points |
- a Decathlon best
- b Former decathlon best
Championship results
editReferences
edit- ^ a b "Damian WARNER". olympicchannel.com. Olympic Channel Services. Archived from the original on August 10, 2020. Retrieved October 19, 2020.
- ^ "Damian Warner". olympic.ca. Canadian Olympic Committee. Archived from the original on May 30, 2019. Retrieved September 19, 2015.
- ^ Episode 21: Dennis Nielsen Interview - The World According to Gar, retrieved June 13, 2021
- ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on August 2, 2010. Retrieved August 9, 2012.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) - ^ "News - 2011 Results - Canadian Track and Field Championships". Archived from the original on September 21, 2018. Retrieved August 9, 2012.
- ^ "2012 National Championships/ Canadian Olympic Trials". Archived from the original on May 8, 2013. Retrieved May 8, 2013.
- ^ "InsideHalton Article: Damian Warner to compete in decathlon". Archived from the original on January 28, 2013. Retrieved August 9, 2012.
- ^ "London 2012 decathlon men Results - Olympic athletics". Archived from the original on May 9, 2021. Retrieved August 9, 2012.
- ^ "Canada's Damian Warner surpasses all expectations to finish fifth in Olympic decathlon". The Globe and Mail. Toronto. August 9, 2012. Archived from the original on September 13, 2016. Retrieved August 26, 2017.
- ^ Evans, Hilary; Gjerde, Arild; Heijmans, Jeroen; Mallon, Bill; et al. "Damian Warner". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on April 17, 2020.
- ^ Sampaolo, Diego (May 26, 2013). Canada's Warner and Theisen triumph in Gotzis – IAAF Combined Events Challenge Archived September 29, 2013, at the Wayback Machine. IAAF. Retrieved on 2013-05-31.
- ^ a b "Canada's Damian Warner wins decathlon bronze at track worlds". CBC Sports. August 11, 2013. Archived from the original on August 13, 2013. Retrieved August 12, 2013.
- ^ van Kuijen, Hans (September 15, 2013). Warner and Melnychenko win in Talence – IAAF Combined Events Challenge Archived September 19, 2013, at the Wayback Machine. IAAF. Retrieved on 2013-09-21.
- ^ "Damian Warner wins Commonwealth Games decathlon". CBC Sports. July 29, 2014. Archived from the original on August 31, 2015. Retrieved July 24, 2015.
- ^ "London's Damian Warner breaks records, leads decathlon at Commonwealth Games". London Free Press. July 29, 2014. Archived from the original on July 24, 2015. Retrieved July 23, 2015.
- ^ Ryan Pyette (July 30, 2014). "Damian Warner wins gold in Commonwealth Games decathlon". London Free Press. Archived from the original on July 24, 2015. Retrieved July 24, 2015.
- ^ Ryan Pyette (July 6, 2015). "London's Damian Warner is gearing up for the Pan Ams July 22–23". London Free Press. Archived from the original on July 25, 2015. Retrieved July 24, 2015.
- ^ "Damian Warner breaks Canadian, Pan Am decathlon records". CBC Sports. July 23, 2015. Archived from the original on July 24, 2015. Retrieved July 24, 2015.
- ^ "Damian Warner sets Canadian record, earns silver in decathlon". CBC Sports. August 28, 2015. Archived from the original on December 14, 2015. Retrieved September 11, 2015.
- ^ "Canada's Damian Warner wins decathlon bronze in Rio". The Toronto Star. August 18, 2016. Archived from the original on August 20, 2016. Retrieved August 23, 2016.
- ^ Justin Piercy (August 13, 2017). "What we learned at the track & field worlds: Canada went viral (not in a good way)". CBC Sports. Archived from the original on August 14, 2017. Retrieved August 14, 2017.
- ^ Neil Davidson (April 13, 2018). "'I just didn't execute': Damian Warner searches for answers after decathlon debacle". CBC Sports. Archived from the original on October 2, 2019. Retrieved October 2, 2019.
- ^ Doug Harrison (May 27, 2018). "Damian Warner sets Canadian decathlon record in winning 4th Hypo Meeting title". CBC Sports. Archived from the original on October 4, 2019. Retrieved October 2, 2019.
- ^ Jonathan Yue (May 27, 2019). "Warner dominant in Götzis with historic fifth title; Para-athletes return home with new Canadian and World records at WPA Grand Prix events". Athletics.ca. Archived from the original on October 2, 2019. Retrieved October 2, 2019.
- ^ Gregory Strong (August 7, 2019). "Warner defends title, LePage grabs bronze in Pan Am decathlon". CBC Sports. Archived from the original on October 3, 2019. Retrieved October 2, 2019.
- ^ "Canada's Damian Warner races to decathlon bronze at track and field worlds". CBC Sports. October 4, 2019. Archived from the original on November 4, 2020. Retrieved May 31, 2021.
- ^ a b c Ryan Pyette (May 31, 2021). "Damian Warner now ranks among all-time greatest decathletes". London Free Press.
- ^ Dichter, Myles (August 3, 2021). "Canada's Damian Warner, Pierce LePage sit 1-2 after three events in decathlon". CBC Sports.
- ^ Brady, Rachel (August 4, 2021). "Decathlon leader Damian Warner of Canada has gold within his grasp heading into the second day of competition". Globe & Mail.
- ^ Dichter, Myles (August 4, 2021). "Canada's Damian Warner extends decathlon lead with another Olympic best". CBC Sports.
- ^ Kelly, Cathal (August 5, 2021). "Damian Warner wins gold in men's decathlon at Tokyo, sets Olympic record". Globe & Mail.
- ^ Dichter, Myles (August 7, 2021). "Decathlon champion Damian Warner named Canada's closing ceremony flag-bearer". CBC Sports.
- ^ Yun, Tom (August 8, 2021). "How Damian Warner turned an unheated hockey rink into his gold-medal training ground". CTV News.
- ^ "Olympic gold medallist Damian Warner named CP male athlete of the year". CBC Sports. December 29, 2021.
- ^ "Damian Warner crowned Canada's top athlete of 2021 with Lou Marsh Trophy". CBC Sports. December 8, 2021.
- ^ Harrison, Doug (March 19, 2022). "Damian Warner wins elusive heptathlon gold in Canadian record effort at indoor worlds". CBC Sports.
- ^ "Olympic decathlon champ Damian Warner in contention for another Hypo Meeting title". CBC Sports. May 28, 2022.
- ^ "Damian Warner captures record 7th decathlon title at Hypo Meeting". CBC Sports. March 29, 2022.
- ^ Harrison, Doug (June 20, 2022). "Damian Warner withdraws from this week's track and field nationals with sore knee". CBC Sports.
- ^ Dickinson, Marley (July 24, 2022). "Damian Warner drops out of decathlon after pulling hamstring". Running Magazine. Retrieved July 24, 2022.
- ^ Heroux, Devin (July 23, 2022). "Canada's Damian Warner out of world championships after suffering hamstring injury". CBC Sports. Retrieved July 24, 2022.
- ^ Heroux, Devin (August 3, 2022). "It could have been worse: Damian Warner out 6-8 weeks, planning comeback after injury at world athletics". CBC Sports.
- ^ Gillespie, Kerry (May 29, 2023). "Perfect 10? Well, Pierce LePage's javelin throw felt perfect as he beat Olympic decathlon champion Damian Warner at the Hypo Meeting". The Toronto Star. Retrieved July 5, 2023.
- ^ Pyette, Ryan (June 3, 2023). "'Disappointing' Damian Warner showing sets stage for strong worlds: Coach". London Free Press. Retrieved July 5, 2023.
- ^ "Canada's Andre De Grasse 6th in 200m at worlds after skipping 4x100 relay heats". CBC Sports. August 25, 2023. Retrieved August 26, 2023.
- ^ Mulkeen, Jon (August 26, 2023). "LePage turns decathlon silver into world gold in Budapest". World Athletics. Retrieved August 28, 2023.
- ^ "Canada's Damian Warner wins 8th Hypo Meeting decathlon". CBC Sports. May 19, 2024. Retrieved August 4, 2024.
- ^ Brady, Rachel (August 1, 2024). "Strong and steady". The Globe & Mail. Retrieved August 4, 2024.
- ^ "Canada's Warner withdraws from decathlon after falling out of medal contention". Lethbridge Herald. August 3, 2024. Retrieved August 3, 2024.
- ^ "Damian Warner tops his Canadian decathlon record to win Hypo Meeting". CBC Sports. May 30, 2021.
- ^ "Damian Warner – IAAF". IAAF. August 5, 2021. Archived from the original on March 21, 2019. Retrieved August 5, 2021.
- ^ "Damian Warner – IAAF Athlete Profile". IAAF. May 31, 2021. Archived from the original on March 21, 2019. Retrieved May 31, 2021.
- ^ "Damian Warner – IAAF Athlete Profile". IAAF. May 25, 2019. Archived from the original on March 21, 2019. Retrieved June 9, 2019.
- ^ "Damian Warner – IAAF Athlete Profile". May 25, 2019. Archived from the original on March 21, 2019. Retrieved June 9, 2019.
- ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on July 24, 2015. Retrieved July 24, 2015.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) - ^ "110m Hurdles Results" (PDF). results.toronto2015.org. July 23, 2015. Archived from the original (PDF) on July 23, 2015. Retrieved July 25, 2015.
External links
edit- Damian Warner at World Athletics
- Damian Warner at Athletics Canada (archive)
- Damian Warner at Team Canada
- Damian Warner at Olympics.com
- Damian Warner at Olympedia (archive)
- Damian Warner at the Paris 2024 Summer Olympics
- Damian Warner at the Lima 2019 Pan American Games
- Damian Warner at the Gold Coast 2018 Commonwealth Games (archived)
- Damian Warner at the Toronto 2015 Pan American Games (archived)