Ashimi or Hashim bin Umar al-Kanemi (1840s-1893) was Shehu of Borno from ca.1885 to 1893.
| Ashimi | |
|---|---|
 Official seal, 1885 | |
| Shehu of Bornu | |
| Reign | October 1885 to February 1886 - November–December 1893 |
| Predecessor | Ibrahim Kura |
| Successor | Kyari of Borno |
| Born | Hashim bin Umar al-Kanemi 1840s |
| Died | November–December 1893 Borno |
| Burial | Maganwa |
| Dynasty | Kanemi |
| Father | Umar I ibn Muhammad al-Amin |
| Religion | Muslim |
Reign of Ashimi
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Ashimi became Shehu of Borno in 1885 at the death of his brother Ibrahim Kura. As it had already been the case for his two predecessors, his reign was marked by an intense political and economical crisis in Kukawa.[1] Parfait-Louis Monteil, a French army officer who met Ashimi in 1891, believed that he had little direct involvement with the running of the kingdom; he also reported that the Shehu seemed pious, rather scholarly, and was someone who hated the thought of war.[2][3]
In 1893, Ashimi lost two battles against Rabih az-Zubayr who was trying to invade Borno. His nephew Kyari, who was chosen to become the new Shehu, assassinated him in N'galagati near Geidam.[4]
Dynasty
editFootnotes
edit- ^ Louis Brenner, The Shehus of Kukawa: A History of the Al-Kanemi Dynasty of Bornu, Oxford Studies in African Affairs (Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1973), pp.125-130.
- ^ Ellison, R. E. (December 1959). "Three Forgotten Explorers of the Latter Half of the 19th Century with Special Reference to Their Journeys to Bornu". Journal of the Historical Society of Nigeria. 1:4 (4): 322–330. JSTOR 41970641.
- ^ Brenner, Louis (1973). The Shehus of Kukawa : a history of the Al-Kanemi dynasty of Bornu. Internet Archive. Oxford : Clarendon Press. p. 124. ISBN 978-0-19-821681-0.
- ^ Herbert Richmond Palmer, The Bornu Sahara and Sudan (London: John Murray, 1936), p. 269.
Bibliography
edit- Adeleye, Rowland, Power and Diplomacy in Northern Nigeria: 1804-1906, the Sokoto Caliphate and Its Enemies (London: Longman Group, 1971).
- Amegboh, Joseph, and Cécile Clairval, Rabah: Conquérant Des Pays Tchadiens, Grandes Figures Africaines (Paris: Dakar ; Abidjan : Nouvelles Éditions Africaines, 1976).
- Barth, Heinrich, Travels and Discoveries in North and Central Africa (London: Longman, 1857).
- Brenner, Louis, The Shehus of Kukawa: A History of the Al-Kanemi Dynasty of Bornu, Oxford Studies in African Affairs (Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1973).
- Cohen, Ronald, The Kanuri of Bornu, Case Studies in Cultural Anthropology (New York: Holt, 1967).
- Flint, John Edgar, Sir George Goldie and the Making of Nigeria, West African History Series (London: Oxford University Press, 1960).
- Hallam, W. K. R., The Life and Times of Rabih Fadl Allah (Ilfracombe: Stockwell, 1977).
- Hallam, W. K. R., ‘Rabih: His Place in History’, Borno Museum Society Newsletter, 15-16 (1993), 5-22.
- Horowitz, Michael M., ‘Ba Karim: An Account of Rabeh’s Wars’, African Historical Studies, 3 (1970), 391-402 doi:10.2307/216223.
- Lange, Dierk, 'The kingdoms and peoples of Chad', in General history of Africa, ed. by Djibril Tamsir Niane, IV (London: Unesco, Heinemann, 1984), pp. 238–265.
- Last, Murray, ‘Le Califat De Sokoto Et Borno’, in Histoire Generale De l'Afrique, Rev. ed. (Paris: Presence Africaine, 1986), pp. 599–646.
- Lavers, John, "The Al- Kanimiyyin Shehus: a Working Chronology" in Berichte des Sonderforschungsbereichs, 268, Bd. 2, Frankfurt a. M. 1993: 179-186.
- Mohammed, Kyari, Borno in the Rabih Years, 1893-1901: The Rise and Crash of a Predatory State (Maiduguri Nigeria: University of Maiduguri, 2006).
- Monteil, P. L., De Saint-Louis À Tripoli Par Le Lac Tchad Voyage Au Travers Du Soudan Et Du Sahara, Accompli Pendant Les Années 1890-1892 (Paris: Germer Baillière, 1895).
- Nachtigal, Gustav, Sahara und Sudan: Ergebnisse Sechsjähriger Reisen in Afrika (Berlin: Weidmann, 1879).
- Oliver, Roland & Anthony Atmore (2005). Africa Since 1800, Fifth Edition. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-83615-9.
- Palmer, Herbert Richmond, The Bornu Sahara and Sudan (London: John Murray, 1936).
- Taher, Mohamed (1997). Encyclopedic Survey of Islamic Dynasties A Continuing Series. New Delhi: Anmol Publications PVT. LTD. ISBN 978-81-261-0403-1.
- Tilho, Jean Auguste Marie, Tilho Mission, and France Ministère des Colonies, Documents Scientifiques De La Mission Tilho (1906–1909) (Paris: Imprimerie Nationale, 1910).