The Acalyptratae or Acalyptrata are a subsection of the Schizophora, which are a section of the order Diptera, the "true flies". In various contexts the Acalyptratae also are referred to informally as the acalyptrate muscoids, or acalyptrates, as opposed to the Calyptratae. All forms of the name refer to the lack of calypters in the members of this subsection of flies. An alternative name, Acalypterae is current, though in minority usage. It was first used by Pierre-Justin-Marie Macquart in 1835 for a section of his tribe Muscides; he used it to refer to all acalyptrates plus scathophagids and phorids, but excluding Conopidae.
| Acalyptratae | |
|---|---|
| |
| Marsh fly (Sciomyzidae) | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Diptera |
| Suborder: | Brachycera |
| Infraorder: | Muscomorpha |
| (unranked): | Eremoneura |
| (unranked): | Cyclorrhapha |
| Section: | Schizophora |
| Subsection: | Acalyptratae |
| Superfamilies | |
|
Carnoidea | |
The confusing forms of the names stem from their first usage; Acalyptratae and Acalyptrata actually are adjectival forms in Neo-Latin. They were coined in the mid 19th century in contexts such as "Muscae Calyptratae and Acalyptratae" and "Diptera Acalyptrata", and the forms stuck.[1]
The Acalyptratae are a large assemblage, exhibiting very diverse habits, with one notable and perhaps surprising exception: no known acalyptrates are obligate blood-feeders (hematophagous), though blood feeding at various stages of the life history is common throughout other Dipteran sections.
Classification
editThe classification of the Acalyptratae has varied over time, and the below list is likely to change in future.
- Subsection Acalyptratae
- Superfamily Conopoidea
- Superfamily Tephritoidea[2]
- Ctenostylidae
- Eurygnathomyiidae
- Lonchaeidae
- Pallopteridae
- Piophilidae
- Platystomatidae
- Pyrgotidae
- Richardiidae
- Tephritidae (including Tachiniscidae)
- Ulidiidae
- Superfamily Nerioidea[3]
- Superfamily Diopsoidea[3]
- Superfamily Sciomyzoidea[4]
- Coelopidae
- Dryomyzidae
- Helcomyzidae
- Helosciomyzidae
- Heterocheilidae
- Ropalomeridae
- Sepsidae
- Sciomyzidae (including Huttoninidae and Phaeomyiidae)
- Superfamily Sphaeroceroidea[5]
- Superfamily Lauxanioidea[6]
- Superfamily Opomyzoidea
- Superfamily Ephydroidea[7]
- Superfamily Carnoidea[8]
- Acalyptratae incertae sedis
References
edit- ^ Carl Robert Osten-Sacken (1858). Collected papers. pp. 1–.
- ^ Han, Ho-Yeon; Ro, Kyung-Eui (2016). "Molecular phylogeny of the superfamily Tephritoidea (Insecta: Diptera) reanalysed based on expanded taxon sampling and sequence data". Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research. 54 (4): 276–288. doi:10.1111/jzs.12139.
- ^ a b Lonsdale, Owen (2020-02-17). "Family groups of Diopsoidea and Nerioidea (Diptera: Schizophora)—Definition, history and relationships". Zootaxa. 4735 (1): zootaxa.4735.1.1. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4735.1.1. ISSN 1175-5334. PMID 32230232. S2CID 214311790.
- ^ "Sciomyzoidea [ ]". diptera.myspecies.info. Retrieved 2022-11-01.
- ^ "Sphaeroceroidea [ ]". diptera.myspecies.info. Retrieved 2022-11-01.
- ^ Li, Xuankun; Li, Wenliang; Ding, Shuangmei; Cameron, Stephen; Mao, Meng; Shi, Li; Yang, Ding (2017-04-14). "Mitochondrial Genomes Provide Insights into the Phylogeny of Lauxanioidea (Diptera: Cyclorrhapha)". International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 18 (4): 773. doi:10.3390/ijms18040773. ISSN 1422-0067. PMC 5412357. PMID 28420076.
- ^ "Ephydroidea [ ]". diptera.myspecies.info. Retrieved 2022-11-01.
- ^ "Carnoidea [ ]". diptera.myspecies.info. Retrieved 2022-11-01.
External links
edit
- McAlpine, David K. (1958). "A key to the Australian families of Acalptrate Diptera (Insecta)". Records of the Australian Museum. 24 (12): 183–190. doi:10.3853/j.0067-1975.24.1958.650.
- "Acalyptratae". Atlas of Living Australia. Archived from the original on 2019-01-13. Retrieved 2018-03-30.