Estipite: Difference between revisions

The '''estipite''' column is a type of [[column]] or [[pilaster]] typical of the [[Churrigueresque]] Baroque style of Spain and Spanish America used in the 18th century.<ref>{{cite web|title=ESTÍPITE|url=http://www.mexicanarchitecture.org/index.php?q=estipite|website=Mexican Architecture|publisher=mexicanarchitecture.org|accessdateaccess-date=2 August 2016}}</ref> It was introduced between 1720 and 1760. The column has the shape of an inverted cone or obelisk. The shaft is always wider in its middle part than the base and capital.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Palmer |first1=Gabrielle G. |last2=Pierce |first2=Donna |title=Cambios: The Spirit of Transformation in Spanish Colonial Art |date=1992|isbn=978-0826314086 |publisher=Santa Barbara Museum of Art in collaboration with the University of New Mexico Press |page=81 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HlRdAAAAMAAJ&q=estipite |accessdateaccess-date=4 October 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Spanish Architecture in the Baroque Period|work=Boundless Art History|date= 26 May 2016|url=https://www.boundless.com/art-history/textbooks/boundless-art-history-textbook/the-baroque-period-27/architecture-of-the-baroque-period-901/spanish-architecture-in-the-baroque-period-640-5421/|quote=Spanish Baroque is a strand of Baroque architecture that evolved in Spain and its provinces and former colonies, in the late 17th century.|publisher=boundless.com|accessdateaccess-date=2 August 2016}}</ref> The column combines features of both late [[Baroque]] and [[Mannerist]].<ref>{{cite book|last1=Baird, Jr.|first1=Joseph Armstrong|title=The Churches of Mexico, 1530-1810|date=1962|publisher=University of California Press|location=Berkeley and Los Angeles|page=38|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3LVQoGVBFToC&q=architecture+-+Estipite&pg=PA38|accessdateaccess-date=2 August 2016}}</ref>

In the late Baroque period (late 18th century), many classical architectural elements lost their simple shapes and became increasingly complex, offering variety of forms and exuberant decoration. One of such elements where these changes were most visible was the altarpiece, where a special column commonly known as stipe, was introduced. Its shaft consists of various superimposed shapes serving as support for highly ornate decoration, mainly imitative of vegetation.<ref>{{cite web |title=Jerónimo de Balbás |url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Jeronimo-de-Balbas#ref1042791 |website=[[Encyclopædia Britannica]] |accessdateaccess-date=4 October 2018}}</ref>