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==History==
The Salchow jump is an edge jump in the sport of [[figure skating]]. It was named after its inventor, Swedish world champion [[Ulrich Salchow]] in 1909.<ref name="mediaguide-13">Media Guide, p. 13</ref><ref>Hines, p. 193</ref> According to writer Ellyn Kestnbaum, American skater [[Theresa Weld]] "received reprimands" at the [[1920 Olympics]] "for performing a single Salchow jump because her skirt would fly up to her knees, creating an image deemed too risque".<ref>Kestnbaum, p. 92</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Eschner |first1=Kat |title=A Brief History of Women’s Figure Skating |url=https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/brief-history-womens-figure-skating-180968044/ |
In competitions, the base value of a single Salchow is 0.40; the base value of a double Salchow is 1.30; the base value of a triple Salchow is 4.30; and the base value of a quadruple Salchow is 9.70.<ref>{{cite web |title=Communication No. 2168: Single & Pair Skating |url=https://www.isu.org/figure-skating/rules/fsk-communications/17142-isu-communication-2168/file |publisher=International Skating Union |
===Firsts===
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==Execution==
According to the ISU, the Salchow jump is an edge jump. Its takeoff is made from the back inside edge of one foot and its landing is made on the back outside edge of the opposite foot.<ref name="mediaguide-13"/> The skater enters into the jump with a backward approach, launches it using his or her inside edge, and lands on the opposite outside edge.<ref name="park">{{cite news |last1=Park |first1=Alice |title=How to Tell the Difference Between the 6 Figure Skating Jumps You'll See at the Olympics |url=http://time.com/5131773/guide-figure-skating-jumps-olympics/ |
The rotation in the air, with respect to a fixed point, is slightly less than 360 degrees because the takeoff edge curves in the same direction as the rotation in the air. When a skater pulls the arms into his or her body and/or brings his or her free leg inward, more rotations can be performed; for this reason, the Salchow is "usually the first jump that skaters learn to double, and the first or second to triple".<ref name="cultureonice-284"/> As [[U.S. Figure Skating]] states, however, "timing is critical"<ref name="usfsjumps"/> because both the takeoff and landing must be on the backward edge. A Salchow is deemed cheated if the skate blade starts to turn forward before the takeoff, or if it has not turned completely backward when the skater lands back on the ice.<ref name="cultureonice-284"/>
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