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Line 1: {{short description\|Mosque in Kampong Glam, Singapore}} {{EngvarB\|date=June 2017}} {{Use dmy dates\|date=June 2017}} ~~{{Infobox religious building~~ {{Infobox mosque ~~\|name = Hajjah Fatimah Mosque<br>Masjid Hajjah Fatimah<br>哈贾·法蒂玛回教堂~~ \| building_name = Hajjah Fatimah Mosque ~~\|native_name =~~ \| native_name = {{transliteration\|ms\|Masjid Hajjah Fatimah}} ({{lang\|ms-arab\|مسجد حاجة فاطمة}}) <br>{{transliteration\|ar\|Masjid Al-Ḥājjah Fāṭimah}} ({{lang\|ar\|مَسْجِد ٱلْحَاجَّة فَاطِمَة}}) \| image = Masjid Hajjah Fatimah, Singapore - 20101016-05.JPG ~~\|caption =~~ \| caption = \| image_size = 250px \| coordinates = {{coord\|1\|18\|10.~~302889~~4\|N\|103\|51\|46.~~862806~~1\|E\|display=inline,title}} \| religious_affiliation = [[Islam]] \| location = 4001 [[Beach Road, ~~Singapore\|Beach~~<br ~~Road]],~~/> Singapore 199584 \|established = ▼ \| country = {{SIN}} \|year_completed = 1846▼ \| map_type = Singapore#Asia \|administration = ▼ \| map_size = \|leadership = ▼ \| map_caption = Location in Singapore \|architect = ▼ \| map_relief = 1 \|architecture_type = Mosque▼ ▲\| established = \|architecture_style = [[Eclecticism in architecture\|Eclectic]]▼ ▲\| year_completed = {{Start date and age\|df=yes\|1846}} \|capacity = ▼ ▲\| administration = \|dome_quantity = ▼ ▲\| leadership = \|minaret_quantity = ▼ ▲\| architect = \|construction_cost = ▼ ▲\| architecture_type = Mosque \|website = ▼ ▲\| architecture_style = [[Eclecticism in architecture\|Eclectic]] \| designated = {{designation list\|embed=yes\|designation1=Singapore\|designation1_date= 28 June 1973}}▼ ▲\| capacity = ▲\| dome_quantity = ▲\| minaret_quantity = ▲\| construction_cost = ▲\| website = ▲\| designated = {{designation list\|embed=yes\|designation1=Singapore\|designation1_date={{Start date ~~28 June~~and age\|df=yes\|1973\|6\|28}}\|designation1_number=7}} }} The '''Hajjah Fatimah Mosque''' ({{~~lang-~~langx\|ms\|Masjid Hajjah Fatimah}}; [[Jawi alphabet\|Jawi]]: {{lang\|ms-zharab\|~~哈贾·法蒂玛回教堂~~{{Script\|Arab\|مسجد حاجة فاطمة}}}}; {{langx\|ar\|{{Script\|Arab\|مَسْجِد ٱلْحَاجَّة فَاطِمَة}}\|Masjid Al-Ḥājjah Fāṭimah}}) is a [[mosque]] located along [[Beach Road, Singapore\|Beach Road]] in the [[Kampong Glam]] district within the [[Kallang\|Kallang Planning Area]] in [[Singapore]]. The mosque was designed in a mix of [[Islamic architecture\|Islamic]] and [[European architecture\|European architectural]] styles, and completed in 1846. The mosque is named after an [[Aristocracy (class)\|aristocrat]]ic [[Malay people\|Malay]] lady, [[Hajjah Fatimah]], who commissioned its construction.<ref name="historic">{{cite book \|date=2002\|title=Singapore's 100 Historic Places\|publisher= National Heritage Board and Archipelago Press\|isbn= 981-4068-23-3 \|page=30 }}</ref> ==History== [[File:Masjid Hajjah Fatimah.jpg\|thumb\|left\|The [[Mosque]]'s [[onion dome]]]] The building of the mosque was initiated by Hajjah Fatimah, who was originally from a wealthy [[Malacca]]n family. She married a [[Bugis]] prince from [[Sulawesi\|Celebes]] who ran a trading post in Singapore. However, her husband died while she was still young, and she continued to run his business after his death, acquiring a large fortune with her ships. In the late 1830s, her house on Java Road was broken into twice, and set on fire on the second time. Hajjah Fatimah however was away when the arson attack occurred and was therefore unharmed, and to express her gratitude for her safety, she instructed the building of a mosque on the site where the house once stood.<ref name="historic"/>▼ ▲The building of the mosque was initiated by Hajjah Fatimah, who was originally from a wealthy [[Malacca]]n family.<ref>{{cite web \|title=Hajjah Fatimah {{!}} Infopedia \|url=https://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/infopedia/articles/SIP_685_2005-01-12.html \|website=eresources.nlb.gov.sg \|access-date=13 February 2023}}</ref> She married a [[Bugis]] prince from [[Sulawesi\|Celebes]] who ran a trading post in Singapore. ~~However, her husband died while she was still young, and she continued to run his business after his death, acquiring a large fortune with her ships.~~ In the late 1830s, her house ~~on Java Road~~ was ~~broken into~~attacked twice, ~~and~~but ~~set on fire on the second time. Hajjah Fatimah however~~she was away ~~when~~for the ~~arson attack occurred and was therefore~~second ~~unharmed~~one, and to express her gratitude for her safety, she instructed the building of a mosque on the site where the house once stood.<ref name="historic"/> The mosque was designed by an unnamed British architect. It has been suggested that the minaret was designed by [[John Turnbull Thomson]] due to a perceived similarity to the design of the first spire of [[St Andrew's Cathedral, Singapore\|St Andrew's Cathedral]], there is however no evidence for this.<ref name="infopedia"/><ref name="beamish">{{cite book \|url=https://books.google.com/books/about/A_History_of_Singapore_Architecture.html?id=9QpQAAAAMAAJ&redir_esc=y \|title= A History of Singapore Architecture: The Making of a City\|author=Jane Beamish\|author2=Jane Ferguson \|pages=58–59 \|publisher=Graham Brash (Pte.) Ltd. \|date= 1 December 1985\|isbn= 978-9971947972 }}</ref> The mosque was built in 1845–1846.▼ ▲The mosque was designed by an unnamed British architect. It has been suggested that the minaret was designed by [[John Turnbull Thomson]] due to a perceived similarity to the design of the first spire of [[St Andrew's Cathedral, Singapore\|St Andrew's Cathedral]], there is however no evidence for this.<ref name="infopedia"/><ref name="beamish">{{cite book \|url=https://books.google.com/books~~/about/A_History_of_Singapore_Architecture.html~~?id=9QpQAAAAMAAJ~~&redir_esc=y~~ \|title= A History of Singapore Architecture: The Making of a City \|~~author~~author1=Jane Beamish \|author2=Jane Ferguson \|pages=58–59 \|publisher=Graham Brash (Pte.) Ltd. \|date= 1 December 1985 \|isbn= 978-9971947972 }}</ref> The mosque was built in ~~1845–1846~~1846. The resulting tower leans slightly (around 6 degrees) off center.<ref name="historic"/> After Hajjah Fatimah's death, her business passed into the family of [[Syed Abdul Rahman Alsagoff]], whose son [[Sayyid Ahmad ibn ‘Abdur-Rahman As-Saqqaf\|Ahmad]] married Hajjah Fatimah's only child, Raja Siti. Her ''qabr'' ({{lang-ar\|قَـبـر}}, [[Grave (burial)\|grave]]) is located in a private mausoleum in the Mosque, together with those of her daughter and son-in-law.<ref name="historic"/> The main prayer hall was rebuilt in the 1930s, based on design by architects Chung & Wong, and constructed by French [[general contractor\|contractor]]s Bossard & Mopin with Malay workers. The rebuilding added more Islamic elements to the mosque, giving the mosque a mixture of styles.<ref name="infopedia"/> Masjid Hajjah Fatimah was gazetted as a [[National Monuments of Singapore\|national monument]] on 28 June 1973.<ref name="infopedia">{{cite web \|url=http://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/infopedia/articles/SIP_259_2005-01-06.html \|title=Hajjah Fatimah Mosque \|work=Singapore Infopedia \|publisher=National Library Board }}</ref> Today the mosque is owned by [[Majlis Ugama Islam Singapura]] (MUIS). ~~Today the mosque is owned by [[Majlis Ugama Islam Singapura]] (MUIS).~~ ==Architecture== [[File:Hajjah Fatimah Mosque 4, Jan 06.JPG\|thumb\|The [[minaret]] tower (centre) stands between the [[Imam]]'s residence (left) and the main entrance (right)]] Masjid Hajjah Fatimah contains within its walled compound a prayer hall, a [[mausoleum]], the quarters of an ''[[Imam]]'', an ablution area, several annexes and a garden. The building style is eclectic, perhaps its most unusual feature is a distinctive [[minaret]] designed in a European style with [[Doric order\|Doric]] pilasters, in direct contrast to the Islamic dome above the prayer hall. The tower leans about six [[degree (angle)\|degree]]s off centre due to moisture seepage, shifting of bricks used in the construction of the tower, and the sandy soil on which it sits.<ref name="infopedia"/><ref name="roots">{{cite web \|url=https://roots.sg/Content/Places/landmarks/kampong-glam-heritage-trail-trail-two-from-beach-road-to-kallang-river/masjid-hajjah-fatimah \|title=Masjid Hajjah Fatimah \|work=Roots \|publisher=National Heritage Board }}</ref> The minaret is flanked by two houses in European style but with Chinese features, for example in its windows and woodwork.<ref name="beamish"/> There are five [[bay]]s in its façade; the largest central one flanked by miniature minarets is the entrance to the prayer hall. A large [[onion dome]] is located above the prayer hall behind the facade. The prayer hall is skewed from the [[street grid]] to face [[Mecca]], and is surrounded by [[verandah]]s on three sides. It has 12 [[lancet windows]] with yellow and green [[stained glass]], and the 16 [[rib]]bed sections forming the dome are visible within the prayer hall.<ref name="historic"/> ==See also== Line 57 ⟶ 59: ==External links== {{commons category\|Masjid Hajjah Fatimah}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20060111082108/http://www.visitsingapore.com/publish/stbportal/en/home/what_to_see/places_of_worship/hajjah_fatimah_mosque.html Masjid Hajjah Fatimah on the Uniquely Singapore website] * [https://~~goo~~www.glgoogle.com/maps/~~TdfXbRVsKLA2~~@1.3021975,103.8631998,3a,75y,333.83h,89.43t/data=!3m6!1e1!3m4!1s1_PMnFOSqFB0yNphChGR9Q!2e0!7i13312!8i6656 GoogleMaps StreetView of Masjid Hajjah Fatimah (background)] * [https://~~goo~~www.glgoogle.com/maps/~~d7YEdrzJ6WB2~~@1.3029939,103.8631728,3a,75y,248.51h,95.97t/data=!3m8!1e1!3m6!1s-0ZiCq9fS8L4%2FVICAvt-cW4I%2FAAAAAAABEE4%2F-nFnBovnnAQ!2e4!3e11!6s%2F%2Flh5.googleusercontent.com%2F-0ZiCq9fS8L4%2FVICAvt-cW4I%2FAAAAAAABEE4%2F-nFnBovnnAQ%2Fs203-k-no%2F!7i2508!8i1254 GoogleMaps PhotoSphere of Masjid Hajjah Fatimah] {{Mosques in Singapore}} {{National monuments of Singapore}} {{Authority control}} [[Category:1846 establishments in Singapore]] [[Category:Religious buildings and structures completed in 1846]] [[Category:Towers completed in 1846]] [[Category:Mosques in Singapore\|Hajjah Fatimah]] Line 72 ⟶ 76: [[Category:Inclined towers]] [[Category:Malaysian diaspora in Singapore]] [[Category:19th-century architecture in Singapore]]