Eustace Tennyson d'Eyncourt: Difference between revisions

| name = Sir Eustace Tennyson d'Eyncourt, Bt

| spouse = Janet Watson Finlay (married about 1898, Anderston, Scotland)

}}'''Sir Eustace Henry William Tennyson d'Eyncourt, 1st Baronet''', [[Order of the Bath{{Post-nominals|country=GBR|KCB]], [[Fellow of the Royal Society|FRS]]}}<ref name="frs">{{Cite journal | last1 = Lillicrap | first1 = C. S. | title = Eustace Tennyson d'Eyncourt. 1868-1951 | doi = 10.1098/rsbm.1951.0005 | journal = [[Obituary Notices of Fellows of the Royal Society]] | volume = 7 | issue = 20 | pages = 341–354| year = 1951 | jstor = 769023| pmids2cid = 162252200 | pmcdoi-access = free }}</ref> (1 April 1868&nbsp;– 1 February 1951)<ref>http://auden.stanford.edu/cgi-bin/auden/individual.php?pid=I10672&ged=auden-bicknell.ged&tab=0{{dead link|date=January 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> was a British naval architect and engineer. As [[Director of Naval Construction]] for the [[Royal Navy]], 1912–1924, he was responsible for the design and construction of some of the most famous British warships. OnHe 20was Februaryalso 1915 [[Winston Churchill]] appointed him Chairmanchairman of the [[LandshipsLandship Committee]] at the Admiralty, which was responsible for the design and production of the first military tanks[[tank]]s to be used in warfare.<ref name="Churchill, p. 316">Churchill, p. 316</ref>

Tennyson D'Eyncourt was born in April 1868 at Hadley House, [[Chipping Barnet|Barnet]], [[Hertfordshire]]. He was the sixth child of Louis Charles Tennyson-D d'Eyncourt (1814–1896) and his wife Sophia Yates (d. 1900). Through his father, he was a cousin of [[Alfred, Lord Tennyson]].

He was educated at [[Charterhouse School|Charterhouse]], beforethen becomingbecame an apprentice in naval architecture at the shipyard of [[Armstrong Whitworth|Armstrong, Whitworth & Co.]] in [[Elswick, Tyne and Wear|Elswick]]. By 1898, he was employed as a naval architect in [[Govan]], Glasgow. There he met Janet Burns (née Watson Finlay), a widow whom he married that same year. She had two children from her first marriage, Kingsley and Gwyneth; together she and Tennyson Dd'Eyncourt would also havehad a son, [[Gervais Tennyson d'Eyncourt|Gervais]], and a daughter, Cecily and Gervais. Janet Tennyson Dd'Eyncourt died in 1909 when accompanying her husband on a business trip to [[Buenos Aires]].

HeD'Eyncourt received a number of awards and honours: in 19211913, he was elected to the Fellowship[[Athenaeum Club, London|Athenaeum]]; in 1921, elected a Fellow of the [[Royal Society,]]; in 1930, he was created a baronet,; and wasin 1946, elected a fellow of the [[Royal Society of Arts]] in 1946. Tennyson D'EyncourtHe was succeeded in the baronetcy by his son [[Gervais Tennyson d'Eyncourt|Gervais]] (d. 1971). His great-grandson is theThe writer [[Adam Nicolson]] is Eustace d'Eyncourt's great-grandson.

As an apprentice at Armstrong, Whitworth & Co., Tennyson Dd'Eyncourt worked on the design of warships for the Austrian, Italian, Norwegian, Spanish, Portuguese, and Turkish governments. He joined the [[Fairfield Shipbuilding and Engineering Company]] of Govan in 1898, before returning to Armstrong, Whitworth & Co. in 1902. In 1904, he undertook consultancy work on the state of the Turkish navy which earned him the [[Order of the Medjidie]], Third Class.

In 1912, Tennyson Dd'Eyncourt was appointed director of naval construction with the Royal Navy. He pioneered new forms of ship construction that helped provide protection from torpedo attack. After the outbreak of the First World War, he was entrusted with designing airships for the navy, and also with undertaking the design of "landships" which could advance through [[No Man's Land]]—a machine now better known as a [[tank]].

In his battlecruisers, "large light cruisers" and the ''{{Sclass|Hawkins''-class cruisers|cruiser}}s, d'Eyncourt evolved a novel hull form: in cross-section the hull was an [[isosceles trapezoid]], with the ship's sides sloping inboard at an angle of 10 degrees from the vertical, while outboard of this, external bulges extended over the full length of the machinery spaces. The result was a hull structure of great strength, and the sloping sides increased the possible spread of impact of shells, thus giving greater resistance to penetration.

The aesthetic side of naval architecture has seldom been given much attention, though it is as much of an art as the architecture of buildings; in general appearance (in terms of harmonious proportion as regards length, beam, and freeboard, as well as the size of the superstructure and funnels in relation to the hull), the opinion has been expressed that d'Eyncourt created some of the most elegant and eye-pleasing warships ever designed, the prime example being the battle cruiser ''{{HMS|Hood''}}.<ref>Oscar Parkes, ''British Battleships''</ref>

===Battleships and Battlecruisersbattlecruisers===

* {{HMS|[[Nelson-class battleship|28|6}}''Nelson''-class battleship]]

* [[British J-class submarine|J class]]

[[Monitor (warship)|Monitors]], [[Patrolpatrol boatsboat]]s, [[Minesweeper (ship)|Minesweepersminesweeper]]s, [[Sloop-of-war|sloops]]s, [[Gunboatgunboat]]s for [[China Station]], Merchant ship conversions into [[seaplane carrier]]s

D'Eyncourt was chairman of the [[LandshipsLandship Committee]], created by [[Winston Churchill]], which oversaw the design and production of Britain's first military tanks during World War 1.<ref name="Churchill, p. 316"/>

{{s-ttl | title = [[Tennyson-d’Eyncourt baronets|Baronet]] <br>'''(of Carter's Corner Farm)'''

| years = 1930–1951}}

[[Category:NavalBritish naval architects|Tennyson d'Eyncourt, Eustace Henry William]]