The Conjugate Gradient Method is the most prominent iterative method for solving sparse systems of linear equations. Unfortunately, many textbook treatments of the topic are written so that even their own authors would be mystified, if they bothered to read their own writing. For this reason, an understanding of the method has been reserved for the elite brilliant few who have painstakingly decoded the mumblings of their forebears. Nevertheless, the Conjugate Gradient Method is a composite of simple, elegant ideas that almost anyone can understand. Of course, a reader as intelligent as yourself will learn them almost effortlessly. The idea of quadratic forms is introduced and used to derive the methods of Steepest Descent, Conjugate Directions, and Conjugate Gradients. Eigenvectors are explained and used to examine the convergence of the Jacobi Method, Steepest Descent, and Conjugate Gradients. Other topics include preconditioning and the nonlinear Conjugate Gradient Method. I have taken pains to make this article easy to read. Sixty-two illustrations are provided. Dense prose is avoided. Concepts are explained in several different ways. Most equations are coupled with an intuitive interpretation.
Cited By
- Kumari A, Tanveer M and Lin C (2024). Bell-Shaped Fuzzy Least Square Twin SVM With Biomedical Applications, IEEE Transactions on Fuzzy Systems, 32:9, (5348-5358), Online publication date: 1-Sep-2024.
- Yang X, Wei Z, Liu Y, Wu H and Feng Z (2024). RIS-Assisted Cooperative Multicell ISAC Systems: A Multi-User and Multi-Target Case, IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, 23:8_Part_1, (8683-8699), Online publication date: 1-Aug-2024.
- Holl P and Thuerey N ΦFlow Proceedings of the 41st International Conference on Machine Learning, (18515-18546)
- Alder N and Herbrich R Energy-efficient Gaussian processes using low-precision arithmetic Proceedings of the 41st International Conference on Machine Learning, (955-975)
- Duan W, Gu X, Zhang G, Wen M, Ding Z and Ho P (2024). Sum-Rate Maximization for RIS-IoV: From Instantaneous to Statistical CSI, IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, 23:7, (8071-8084), Online publication date: 1-Jul-2024.
- Pang H, Ji F, Wen M, Wang S, Xu L and Wu Y (2023). Interference Exploitation in IRS-Aided Heterogeneous Networks: Joint Symbol Level Precoding and Reflecting Design, IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, 23:6, (6467-6481), Online publication date: 1-Jun-2024.
- Lewis M, Soudjani S and Zuliani P (2023). Formal Verification of Quantum Programs: Theory, Tools, and Challenges, ACM Transactions on Quantum Computing, 5:1, (1-35), Online publication date: 31-Mar-2024.
- Gao J, Lu Y, Qi X, Kou Y, Li B, Li L, Yu S and Hu W (2024). Recursive Least-Squares Estimator-Aided Online Learning for Visual Tracking, IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 46:3, (1881-1897), Online publication date: 1-Mar-2024.
- Lan L, Rosamilia M, Aubry A, De Maio A and Liao G (2024). FDA-MIMO Transmitter and Receiver Optimization, IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, 72, (1576-1589), Online publication date: 1-Jan-2024.
- Zhu Y, Zhan Y, Huang X, Chen Y, Chen Y, Wei J, Feng W, Zhou Y, Hu H and Ye J OFCOURSE Proceedings of the 37th International Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems, (34765-34777)
- De Goyeneche A, Ramachandran S, Wang K, Karasan E, Cheng J, Yu S and Lustig M ResoNet Proceedings of the 37th International Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems, (14192-14203)
- Singh S, Agrawal K, Singh K, Clerckx B and Li C (2023). RSMA for Hybrid RIS-UAV-Aided Full-Duplex Communications With Finite Blocklength Codes Under Imperfect SIC, IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, 22:9, (5957-5975), Online publication date: 1-Sep-2023.
- Takahashi T and Batty C (2023). A Multilevel Active-Set Preconditioner for Box-Constrained Pressure Poisson Solvers, Proceedings of the ACM on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques, 6:3, (1-22), Online publication date: 16-Aug-2023.
- Baraff D and Witkin A Large Steps in Cloth Simulation Seminal Graphics Papers: Pushing the Boundaries, Volume 2, (767-778)
- Lin A, Tolooshams B, Atchadé Y and Ba D Probabilistic unrolling Proceedings of the 40th International Conference on Machine Learning, (21153-21181)
- Kimaryo S and Lee K (2023). Downlink Beamforming for Dynamic Metasurface Antennas, IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, 22:7, (4745-4755), Online publication date: 1-Jul-2023.
- Nantabut C and Abel D (2023). Weighted Hybrid A*-Based Trajectory Planning for Dynamic Environments, SN Computer Science, 4:4, Online publication date: 24-May-2023.
- Takahashi T and Batty C (2022). ElastoMonolith, ACM Transactions on Graphics, 41:6, (1-19), Online publication date: 1-Dec-2022.
- Sattigeri P, Ghosh S, Padhi I, Dognin P and Varshney K Fair infinitesimal jackknife Proceedings of the 36th International Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems, (35894-35906)
- Silwal S and Indyk P Faster linear algebra for distance matrices Proceedings of the 36th International Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems, (35576-35589)
- Charalambides N, Pilanci M and Hero A Secure Linear MDS Coded Matrix Inversion 2022 58th Annual Allerton Conference on Communication, Control, and Computing (Allerton), (1-8)
- Zhang H, Shlezinger N, Guidi F, Dardari D, Imani M and Eldar Y (2022). Beam Focusing for Near-Field Multiuser MIMO Communications, IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, 21:9, (7476-7490), Online publication date: 1-Sep-2022.
- Seznec M, Gac N, Orieux F and Naik A (2022). Real-time optical flow processing on embedded GPU: an hardware-aware algorithm to implementation strategy, Journal of Real-Time Image Processing, 19:2, (317-329), Online publication date: 1-Apr-2022.
- Vazquez A, Hiptmair R and Woerner S (2022). Enhancing the Quantum Linear Systems Algorithm Using Richardson Extrapolation, ACM Transactions on Quantum Computing, 3:1, (1-37), Online publication date: 31-Mar-2022.
- Gao P, Duan X, Schmidt B, Zhang W, Gan L, Fu H, Xue W, Liu W and Yang G (2022). Optimization of Reactive Force Field Simulation: Refactor, Parallelization, and Vectorization for Interactions, IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems, 33:2, (359-373), Online publication date: 1-Feb-2022.
- Dinesh C, Cheung G and Bajić I (2022). Point Cloud Video Super-Resolution via Partial Point Coupling and Graph Smoothness, IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, 31, (4117-4132), Online publication date: 1-Jan-2022.
- Caterini A, Loaiza-Ganem G, Pleiss G and Cunningham J Rectangular flows for manifold learning Proceedings of the 35th International Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems, (30228-30241)
- Bessonov O and Meradji S (2021). Parallel modeling of wildfires using efficient solvers for ill-conditioned linear systems, The Journal of Supercomputing, 77:9, (9365-9379), Online publication date: 1-Sep-2021.
- Liu R, Li M, Liu Q and Swindlehurst A (2021). Joint Symbol-Level Precoding and Reflecting Designs for IRS-Enhanced MU-MISO Systems, IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, 20:2, (798-811), Online publication date: 1-Feb-2021.
- Liu K, Lu X, Xiao L and Xu L Learning Based Energy Efficient Radar Power Control Against Deceptive Jamming GLOBECOM 2020 - 2020 IEEE Global Communications Conference, (1-6)
- Pleiss G, Jankowiak M, Eriksson D, Damle A and Gardner J Fast matrix square roots with applications to gaussian processes and Bayesian optimization Proceedings of the 34th International Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems, (22268-22281)
- Kiran U, Gautam S and Sharma D (2020). GPU-based matrix-free finite element solver exploiting symmetry of elemental matrices, Computing, 102:9, (1941-1965), Online publication date: 1-Sep-2020.
- Xue T, Beatson A, Adriaenssens S and Adams R Amortized finite element analysis for fast PDE-constrained optimization Proceedings of the 37th International Conference on Machine Learning, (10638-10647)
- Sarafian E, Sinay M, Louzoun Y, Agmon N and Kraus S Explicit gradient learning for black-box optimization Proceedings of the 37th International Conference on Machine Learning, (8480-8490)
- Liu R, Li H, Li M and Liu Q Symbol-Level Precoding Design for IRS-assisted MU-MISO Systems 2020 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC), (1-6)
- Dinesh C, Cheung G and Bajić I (2020). Point Cloud Denoising via Feature Graph Laplacian Regularization, IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, 29, (4143-4158), Online publication date: 1-Jan-2020.
- Zeng J, Cheung G, Ng M, Pang J and Yang C (2020). 3D Point Cloud Denoising Using Graph Laplacian Regularization of a Low Dimensional Manifold Model, IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, 29, (3474-3489), Online publication date: 1-Jan-2020.
- Liu Y, Yang L, Wenbin G, Peng T and Wang W Spatiotemporal Smoothness-based Graph Learning Method for Sensor Networks 2019 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC), (1-6)
- Hernández-Santamaría V, Lazar M and Zuazua E (2019). Greedy optimal control for elliptic problems and its application to turnpike problems, Numerische Mathematik, 141:2, (455-493), Online publication date: 1-Feb-2019.
- Pikle N, Sathe S and Vyavahare A (2018). High performance iterative elemental product strategy in assembly-free FEM on GPU with improved occupancy, Computing, 100:12, (1273-1297), Online publication date: 1-Dec-2018.
- Cherrak O, Ghennioui H, Thirion-Moreau N and Abarkan E (2018). Preconditioned optimization algorithms solving the problem of the non unitary joint block diagonalization, Multidimensional Systems and Signal Processing, 29:4, (1373-1396), Online publication date: 1-Oct-2018.
- Stiebel T, Geller D and Merhof D Correction of Thread Position Mismatch in High Precision CNC Sewing 2018 IEEE 23rd International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA), (1189-1192)
- Le Q and Bobaru F (2018). Surface corrections for peridynamic models in elasticity and fracture, Computational Mechanics, 61:4, (499-518), Online publication date: 1-Apr-2018.
- Chen J, Wang Y and Li S Fast Bayesian Super Resolution using Jacobi Preconditioner and Multithread Proceedings of the 2018 International Conference on Image and Graphics Processing, (121-125)
- Liu S, Cao J, Liu H, Zhou X, Zhang K and Li Z (2018). MRI reconstruction via enhanced group sparsity and nonconvex regularization, Neurocomputing, 272:C, (108-121), Online publication date: 10-Jan-2018.
- Siahlooei E, Shahzadeh Fazeli S and Chen S (2018). Two Iterative Methods for Solving Linear Interval Systems, Applied Computational Intelligence and Soft Computing, 2018, Online publication date: 1-Jan-2018.
- Forsgren A and Odland T (2018). On exact linesearch quasi-Newton methods for minimizing a quadratic function, Computational Optimization and Applications, 69:1, (225-241), Online publication date: 1-Jan-2018.
- McCann M and Unser M (2017). High-Quality Parallel-Ray X-Ray CT Back Projection Using Optimized Interpolation, IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, 26:10, (4639-4647), Online publication date: 1-Oct-2017.
- Zhu F, Zhao J, Li S, Tang Y and Wang G (2017). Dynamically Enriched MPM for Invertible Elasticity, Computer Graphics Forum, 36:6, (381-392), Online publication date: 1-Sep-2017.
- Skariah D and Arigovindan M (2017). Nested Conjugate Gradient Algorithm With Nested Preconditioning for Non-Linear Image Restoration, IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, 26:9, (4471-4482), Online publication date: 1-Sep-2017.
- Allen-Zhu Z and Li Y Follow the compressed leader Proceedings of the 34th International Conference on Machine Learning - Volume 70, (116-125)
- Allen-Zhu Z and Li Y Faster principal component regression and stable matrix Chebyshev approximation Proceedings of the 34th International Conference on Machine Learning - Volume 70, (107-115)
- Allen-Zhu Z and Li Y Doubly accelerated methods for faster CCA and generalized eigendecomposition Proceedings of the 34th International Conference on Machine Learning - Volume 70, (98-106)
- Koschier D, Bender J and Thuerey N (2017). Robust eXtended finite elements for complex cutting of deformables, ACM Transactions on Graphics, 36:4, (1-13), Online publication date: 20-Jul-2017.
- Feruglio L and Corpino S (2017). Neural networks to increase the autonomy of interplanetary nanosatellite missions, Robotics and Autonomous Systems, 93:C, (52-60), Online publication date: 1-Jul-2017.
- Zheng J, Yang P, Chen S, Shen G and Wang W (2017). Iterative Re-Constrained Group Sparse Face Recognition With Adaptive Weights Learning, IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, 26:5, (2408-2423), Online publication date: 1-May-2017.
- Sonogashira M, Funatomi T, Iiyama M and Minoh M (2017). Variational Bayesian Approach to Multiframe Image Restoration, IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, 26:5, (2163-2178), Online publication date: 1-May-2017.
- Iliadis M, Wang H, Molina R and Katsaggelos A (2017). Robust and Low-Rank Representation for Fast Face Identification With Occlusions, IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, 26:5, (2203-2218), Online publication date: 1-May-2017.
- Camargos A, Silva V, Guichon J and Meunier G (2017). GPU-accelerated iterative solution of complex-entry systems issued from 3D edge-FEA of electromagnetics in the frequency domain, International Journal of High Performance Computing Applications, 31:2, (119-133), Online publication date: 1-Mar-2017.
- Meister O, Rahnema K and Bader M (2016). Parallel Memory-Efficient Adaptive Mesh Refinement on Structured Triangular Meshes with Billions of Grid Cells, ACM Transactions on Mathematical Software, 43:3, (1-27), Online publication date: 16-Jan-2017.
- Kylasa S, Aktulga H and Grama A (2017). Reactive Molecular Dynamics on Massively Parallel Heterogeneous Architectures, IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems, 28:1, (202-214), Online publication date: 1-Jan-2017.
- Liang L, Jin L and Liu D (2017). Edge-Aware Label Propagation for Mobile Facial Enhancement on the Cloud, IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology, 27:1, (125-138), Online publication date: 1-Jan-2017.
- Li Y, Wu B, Ghanem B, Zhao Y, Yao H and Ji Q (2016). Facial action unit recognition under incomplete data based on multi-label learning with missing labels, Pattern Recognition, 60:C, (890-900), Online publication date: 1-Dec-2016.
- Gonzaga C (2016). On the worst case performance of the steepest descent algorithm for quadratic functions, Mathematical Programming: Series A and B, 160:1-2, (307-320), Online publication date: 1-Nov-2016.
- Weiler M, Koschier D and Bender J Projective fluids Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Motion in Games, (79-84)
- Zhang Y, Henao R, Li C and Carin L Bayesian dictionary learning with Gaussian processes and sigmoid belief networks Proceedings of the Twenty-Fifth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence, (2364-2370)
- Fountoulakis K and Gondzio J (2016). A second-order method for strongly convex $$\ell _1$$ℓ1-regularization problems, Mathematical Programming: Series A and B, 156:1-2, (189-219), Online publication date: 1-Mar-2016.
- Zhang Y, Zhang X, Yuan X and Liu C Large-scale graph-based Semi-Supervised learning via tree Laplacian solver Proceedings of the Thirtieth AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, (2344-2350)
- Deshpande N, Grant E, Henderson T and Draelos M (2016). Autonomous navigation using received signal strength and bearing-only pseudogradient interpolation, Robotics and Autonomous Systems, 75:PB, (129-144), Online publication date: 1-Jan-2016.
- Jaulmes L, Casas M, Moretó M, Ayguadé E, Labarta J and Valero M Exploiting asynchrony from exact forward recovery for DUE in iterative solvers Proceedings of the International Conference for High Performance Computing, Networking, Storage and Analysis, (1-12)
- Yang Y, Li D, Xu W, Tian Y and Zheng C (2015). Expediting precomputation for reduced deformable simulation, ACM Transactions on Graphics, 34:6, (1-13), Online publication date: 4-Nov-2015.
- Martínez-Frutos J and Herrero-Pérez D (2015). Efficient matrix-free GPU implementation of Fixed Grid Finite Element Analysis, Finite Elements in Analysis and Design, 104:C, (61-71), Online publication date: 15-Oct-2015.
- (2015). Simulation based iterative post-optimization of paths of robot guided thermal spraying, Robotics and Computer-Integrated Manufacturing, 35:C, (1-15), Online publication date: 1-Oct-2015.
- Wu J, Westermann R and Dick C (2015). A Survey of Physically Based Simulation of Cuts in Deformable Bodies, Computer Graphics Forum, 34:6, (161-187), Online publication date: 1-Sep-2015.
- Kazhdan M Fast and exact (Poisson) solvers on symmetric geometries Proceedings of the Eurographics Symposium on Geometry Processing, (153-165)
- Jingwei Lu , Hao Zhuang , Pengwen Chen , Hongliang Chang , Chin-Chih Chang , Yiu-Chung Wong , Lu Sha , Huang D, Yufeng Luo , Chin-Chi Teng and Chung-Kuan Cheng (2015). ePlace-MS: Electrostatics-Based Placement for Mixed-Size Circuits, IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems, 34:5, (685-698), Online publication date: 1-May-2015.
- Lu J, Chen P, Chang C, Sha L, Huang D, Teng C and Cheng C (2015). ePlace, ACM Transactions on Design Automation of Electronic Systems, 20:2, (1-34), Online publication date: 2-Mar-2015.
- Zander N, Bog T, Kollmannsberger S, Schillinger D and Rank E (2015). Multi-level hp-adaptivity, Computational Mechanics, 55:3, (499-517), Online publication date: 1-Mar-2015.
- Ji H, Sosonkina M and Li Y An implementation of block conjugate gradient algorithm on CPU-GPU processors Proceedings of the 1st International Workshop on Hardware-Software Co-Design for High Performance Computing, (72-77)
- Um K, Baek S and Han J (2014). Advanced Hybrid Particle-Grid Method with Sub-Grid Particle Correction, Computer Graphics Forum, 33:7, (209-218), Online publication date: 1-Oct-2014.
- Kopf J, Cohen M and Szeliski R (2014). First-person hyper-lapse videos, ACM Transactions on Graphics, 33:4, (1-10), Online publication date: 27-Jul-2014.
- Lu J, Chen P, Chang C, Sha L, Huang D, Teng C and Cheng C ePlace Proceedings of the 51st Annual Design Automation Conference, (1-6)
- Liu T, Bargteil A, O'Brien J and Kavan L (2013). Fast simulation of mass-spring systems, ACM Transactions on Graphics, 32:6, (1-7), Online publication date: 1-Nov-2013.
- Kopf J, Langguth F, Scharstein D, Szeliski R and Goesele M (2013). Image-based rendering in the gradient domain, ACM Transactions on Graphics, 32:6, (1-9), Online publication date: 1-Nov-2013.
- Fu Y, Wang Y and Biersack E (2013). A general scalable and accurate decentralized level monitoring method for large-scale dynamic service provision in hybrid clouds, Future Generation Computer Systems, 29:5, (1235-1253), Online publication date: 1-Jul-2013.
- Gai J, Obeid N, Holtrop J, Wu X, Lam F, Fu M, Haldar J, Hwu W, Liang Z and Sutton B (2013). More IMPATIENT, Journal of Parallel and Distributed Computing, 73:5, (686-697), Online publication date: 1-May-2013.
- Avron H, Gupta A and Toledo S (2013). Solving Hermitian positive definite systems using indefinite incomplete factorizations, Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics, 243, (126-138), Online publication date: 1-May-2013.
- Yuan G, Zhang Z, Ghanem B and Hao Z (2013). Low-rank quadratic semidefinite programming, Neurocomputing, 106, (51-60), Online publication date: 1-Apr-2013.
- Klehm O, Ihrke I, Seidel H and Eisemann E Volume stylizer Proceedings of the ACM SIGGRAPH Symposium on Interactive 3D Graphics and Games, (161-168)
- Li P, Nie J, Wang B and He J Document Re-ranking Using Partial Social Tagging Proceedings of the The 2012 IEEE/WIC/ACM International Joint Conferences on Web Intelligence and Intelligent Agent Technology - Volume 01, (274-281)
- Li S, Liu X, Chai X, Zhang H, Lao S and Shan S Morphable displacement field based image matching for face recognition across pose Proceedings of the 12th European conference on Computer Vision - Volume Part I, (102-115)
- Hecht F, Lee Y, Shewchuk J and O'Brien J (2012). Updated sparse cholesky factors for corotational elastodynamics, ACM Transactions on Graphics, 31:5, (1-13), Online publication date: 6-Aug-2012.
- Mittal S and Meer P (2012). Conjugate gradient on Grassmann manifolds for robust subspace estimation, Image and Vision Computing, 30:6-7, (417-427), Online publication date: 1-Jun-2012.
- Chang T and Shiu Y (2012). Simultaneously construct IRT-based parallel tests based on an adapted CLONALG algorithm, Applied Intelligence, 36:4, (979-994), Online publication date: 1-Jun-2012.
- Dorri F, Azmi P and Dorri F (2012). Missing value imputation in DNA microarrays based on conjugate gradient method, Computers in Biology and Medicine, 42:2, (222-227), Online publication date: 1-Feb-2012.
- Povey D and Yao K (2012). A basis representation of constrained MLLR transforms for robust adaptation, Computer Speech and Language, 26:1, (35-51), Online publication date: 1-Jan-2012.
- Chou C, Tsai N, Yu H, Lee C, Shi Y and Chang S On the preconditioner of conjugate gradient method Proceedings of the International Conference on Computer-Aided Design, (494-497)
- Fierz B, Spillmann J and Harders M Element-wise mixed implicit-explicit integration for stable dynamic simulation of deformable objects Proceedings of the 2011 ACM SIGGRAPH/Eurographics Symposium on Computer Animation, (257-266)
- Shantharam M, Chatterjee A and Raghavan P (2011). Exploiting dense substructures for fast sparse matrix vector multiplication, International Journal of High Performance Computing Applications, 25:3, (328-341), Online publication date: 1-Aug-2011.
- Borrell R, Lehmkuhl O, Trias F and Oliva A (2011). Parallel direct Poisson solver for discretisations with one Fourier diagonalisable direction, Journal of Computational Physics, 230:12, (4723-4741), Online publication date: 1-Jun-2011.
- Ciobanu C, Martorell X, Kuzmanov G, Ramirez A and Gaydadjiev G Scalability evaluation of a polymorphic register file Proceedings of the 24th international conference on Architecture of computing systems, (13-25)
- Poot D, Van Meir V and Sijbers J General and efficient super-resolution method for multi- slice MRI Proceedings of the 13th international conference on Medical image computing and computer-assisted intervention: Part I, (615-622)
- Ambainis A New developments in quantum algorithms Proceedings of the 35th international conference on Mathematical foundations of computer science, (1-11)
- Yuksel C and Tariq S Advanced techniques in real-time hair rendering and simulation ACM SIGGRAPH 2010 Courses, (1-168)
- Kordík P, Koutník J, Drchal J, Kovářík O, epek M and Šnorek M (2010). 2010 Special Issue, Neural Networks, 23:4, (568-582), Online publication date: 1-May-2010.
- Mahdavikhah B, Mafi R, Sirouspour S and Nicolici N Haptic rendering of deformable objects using a multiple FPGA parallel computing architecture Proceedings of the 18th annual ACM/SIGDA international symposium on Field programmable gate arrays, (189-198)
- Dubois D, Dubois A, Boorman T, Connor C and Poole S (2010). Sparse Matrix-Vector Multiplication on a Reconfigurable Supercomputer with Application, ACM Transactions on Reconfigurable Technology and Systems, 3:1, (1-31), Online publication date: 1-Jan-2010.
- Yuksel C, Schaefer S and Keyser J Hair meshes ACM SIGGRAPH Asia 2009 papers, (1-7)
- Jin R, Wang S and Zhou Y Regularized distance metric learning Proceedings of the 23rd International Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems, (862-870)
- Yuksel C, Schaefer S and Keyser J (2009). Hair meshes, ACM Transactions on Graphics, 28:5, (1-7), Online publication date: 1-Dec-2009.
- Rolny R, Wagner J, Eşli C and Wittneben A Distributed gain matrix optimization in non-regenerative MIMO relay networks Proceedings of the 43rd Asilomar conference on Signals, systems and computers, (1503-1507)
- Tennina S, Renzo M, Graziosi F and Santucci F (2009). ESD: a novel optimisation algorithm for positioning estimation of WSNs in GPS-denied environments – from simulation to experimentation, International Journal of Sensor Networks, 6:3/4, (131-156), Online publication date: 1-Nov-2009.
- Parker E and O'Brien J Real-time deformation and fracture in a game environment Proceedings of the 2009 ACM SIGGRAPH/Eurographics Symposium on Computer Animation, (165-175)
- Wicke M, Stanton M and Treuille A Modular bases for fluid dynamics ACM SIGGRAPH 2009 papers, (1-8)
- Wicke M, Stanton M and Treuille A (2009). Modular bases for fluid dynamics, ACM Transactions on Graphics, 28:3, (1-8), Online publication date: 27-Jul-2009.
- Li W and Yeung D Relation regularized matrix factorization Proceedings of the 21st International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence, (1126-1131)
- Esli C, Wagner J and Wittneben A Distributed gradient based gain allocation for coherent multiuser AF relaying networks Proceedings of the 2009 IEEE international conference on Communications, (3961-3966)
- Wand M, Adams B, Ovsjanikov M, Berner A, Bokeloh M, Jenke P, Guibas L, Seidel H and Schilling A (2009). Efficient reconstruction of nonrigid shape and motion from real-time 3D scanner data, ACM Transactions on Graphics, 28:2, (1-15), Online publication date: 1-Apr-2009.
- Pahikkala T, Tsivtsivadze E, Airola A, Järvinen J and Boberg J (2009). An efficient algorithm for learning to rank from preference graphs, Machine Language, 75:1, (129-165), Online publication date: 1-Apr-2009.
- Ament M and Straßer W Dynamic grid refinement for fluid simulations on parallel graphics architectures Proceedings of the 9th Eurographics conference on Parallel Graphics and Visualization, (9-15)
- Donald J, Golden A and Jennings S (2009). Opendda, International Journal of High Performance Computing Applications, 23:1, (42-61), Online publication date: 1-Feb-2009.
- Hormann K, Polthier K and Sheffer A Mesh parameterization ACM SIGGRAPH ASIA 2008 courses, (1-87)
- García M, Robles O, Pastor L and Rodríguez A (2008). Technical Section, Computers and Graphics, 32:3, (293-306), Online publication date: 1-Jun-2008.
- Abernethy J, Chapelle O and Castillo C Web spam identification through content and hyperlinks Proceedings of the 4th international workshop on Adversarial information retrieval on the web, (41-44)
- Wu Q and Ben-Arie J (2008). View invariant head recognition by Hybrid PCA based reconstruction, Integrated Computer-Aided Engineering, 15:2, (97-108), Online publication date: 1-Apr-2008.
- Thomaszewski B, Pabst S and Blochinger W (2008). Parallel techniques for physically based simulation on multi-core processor architectures, Computers and Graphics, 32:1, (25-40), Online publication date: 1-Feb-2008.
- Domingos P, Kok S, Lowd D, Poon H, Richardson M and Singla P Markov logic Probabilistic inductive logic programming, (92-117)
- Hu C and Lin H (2008). Multiuser detection using adaptive multistage matrix wiener filtering schemes with stage-selection criteria in DS-UWB, EURASIP Journal on Advances in Signal Processing, 2008, (1-9), Online publication date: 1-Jan-2008.
- Almpanidis G and Kotropoulos C (2008). Phonemic segmentation using the generalised Gamma distribution and small sample Bayesian information criterion, Speech Communication, 50:1, (38-55), Online publication date: 1-Jan-2008.
- Wu Q and Ben-Arie J View Invariant Head Recognition by Hybrid PCA Based Reconstruction Analysis and Modeling of Faces and Gestures, (46-57)
- Buatois L, Caumon G and Lévy B Concurrent number cruncher Proceedings of the Third international conference on High Performance Computing and Communications, (358-371)
- Flach G, Johann M, Hentschke R and Reis R Cell placement on graphics processing units Proceedings of the 20th annual conference on Integrated circuits and systems design, (87-92)
- Chen X and Zhang C Interactive mining and semantic retrieval of videos Proceedings of the 8th international workshop on Multimedia data mining: (associated with the ACM SIGKDD 2007), (1-9)
- Galoppo N, Otaduy M, Mecklenburg P, Gross M and Lin M Dynamic deformation textures ACM SIGGRAPH 2007 courses, (59-79)
- Botsch M, Pauly M, Kobbelt L, Alliez P, Lévy B, Bischoff S and Rössl C Geometric modeling based on polygonal meshes Video files associated with this course are available from the citation page ACM SIGGRAPH 2007 courses, (1-es)
- Kwatra V Part III ACM SIGGRAPH 2007 courses, (3-es)
- Hormann K, Lévy B and Sheffer A Mesh parameterization ACM SIGGRAPH 2007 courses, (1-es)
- Agarwala A Efficient gradient-domain compositing using quadtrees ACM SIGGRAPH 2007 papers, (94-es)
- Agarwala A (2007). Efficient gradient-domain compositing using quadtrees, ACM Transactions on Graphics, 26:3, (94-es), Online publication date: 29-Jul-2007.
- Huang Q, Adams B and Wand M Bayesian surface reconstruction via iterative scan alignment to an optimized prototype Proceedings of the fifth Eurographics symposium on Geometry processing, (213-223)
- Frank T, Tertois A and Mallet J (2007). 3D-reconstruction of complex geological interfaces from irregularly distributed and noisy point data, Computers & Geosciences, 33:7, (932-943), Online publication date: 1-Jul-2007.
- Hoi S, Jin R and Lyu M Learning nonparametric kernel matrices from pairwise constraints Proceedings of the 24th international conference on Machine learning, (361-368)
- Chilton R and Lee R (2007). The discrete origin of FETD-Newmark late time instability, and a correction scheme, Journal of Computational Physics, 224:2, (1293-1306), Online publication date: 1-Jun-2007.
- Kim T and Lin M (2007). Fast Animation of Lightning Using an Adaptive Mesh, IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics, 13:2, (390-402), Online publication date: 1-Mar-2007.
- Dağ H (2007). An approximate inverse preconditioner and its implementation for conjugate gradient method, Parallel Computing, 33:2, (83-91), Online publication date: 1-Mar-2007.
- Wendt J, Baxter W, Oguz I and Lin M (2007). Finite volume flow simulations on arbitrary domains, Graphical Models, 69:1, (19-32), Online publication date: 1-Jan-2007.
- Meyerhenke H and Sauerwald T Analyzing disturbed diffusion on networks Proceedings of the 17th international conference on Algorithms and Computation, (429-438)
- Botsch M, Pauly M, Rossl C, Bischoff S and Kobbelt L Geometric modeling based on triangle meshes ACM SIGGRAPH 2006 Courses, (1-es)
- Komarek P and Moore A Making Logistic Regression a Core Data Mining Tool with TR-IRLS Proceedings of the Fifth IEEE International Conference on Data Mining, (685-688)
- Botsch M, Bommes D and Kobbelt L Efficient linear system solvers for mesh processing Proceedings of the 11th IMA international conference on Mathematics of Surfaces, (62-83)
- Johnson M and Farid H Exposing digital forgeries by detecting inconsistencies in lighting Proceedings of the 7th workshop on Multimedia and security, (1-10)
- Gooch A, Olsen S, Tumblin J and Gooch B Color2Gray ACM SIGGRAPH 2005 Papers, (634-639)
- Gooch A, Olsen S, Tumblin J and Gooch B (2005). Color2Gray, ACM Transactions on Graphics, 24:3, (634-639), Online publication date: 1-Jul-2005.
- Wong W and Baciu G (2005). Dynamic Interaction between Deformable Surfaces and Nonsmooth Objects, IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics, 11:3, (329-340), Online publication date: 1-May-2005.
- Joshi A and Weng J (2003). Autonomous mental development in high dimensional context and action spaces, Neural Networks, 16:5-6, (701-710), Online publication date: 1-Jun-2003.
- Boyapati V, Chevrier K, Finkel A, Glance N, Pierce T, Stockton R and Whitmer C ChangeDetector Proceedings of the 11th international conference on World Wide Web, (570-579)
- Boivin S and Gagalowicz A Advanced computer vision and graphics collaboration techniques for image-based rendering Imaging and vision systems, (179-206)
- Faure F (1999). Fast Iterative Refinement of Articulated Solid Dynamics, IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics, 5:3, (268-276), Online publication date: 1-Jul-1999.
- Shaw A, Arvind , Cho K, Hill C, Johnson R and Marshall J (1998). A Comparison of Implicitly Parallel Multithreaded and Data-Parallel Implementations of an Ocean Model, Journal of Parallel and Distributed Computing, 48:1, (1-51), Online publication date: 1-Jan-1998.
- Vemuri B, Mandal C and Lai S (1997). A Fast Gibbs Sampler for Synthesizing Constrained Fractals, IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics, 3:4, (337-351), Online publication date: 1-Oct-1997.
- Fua P (1997). From Multiple Stereo Views to Multiple 3-D Surfaces, International Journal of Computer Vision, 24:1, (19-35), Online publication date: 1-Aug-1997.
- Ghosh B, Muthukrishnan S and Schultz M First and second order diffusive methods for rapid, coarse, distributed load balancing (extended abstract) Proceedings of the eighth annual ACM symposium on Parallel Algorithms and Architectures, (72-81)
- Wangg X, Mohan K, Kisner S, Bouman C and Midkiff S Fast voxel line update for time-space image reconstruction 2016 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP), (1209-1213)
Recommendations
On three-term conjugate gradient algorithms for unconstrained optimization
This paper presents a project for three-term conjugate gradient algorithms development. The search direction of the algorithms from this class has three terms and is computed as modifications of the classical conjugate gradient algorithms to satisfy ...
Another nonlinear conjugate gradient algorithm for unconstrained optimization
A nonlinear conjugate gradient algorithm which is a modification of the Dai and Yuan [A nonlinear conjugate gradient method with a strong global convergence property, SIAM J. Optim. 10 (1999), pp. 177-182] conjugate gradient algorithm satisfying a ...
An improved Perry conjugate gradient method with adaptive parameter choice
In this paper, we present a conjugate gradient method for solving unconstrained optimization problems. Motivated by Perry conjugate gradient method and Dai-Liao method, an improved Perry update matrix is proposed to overcome the non-symmetric positive ...