skip to main content
10.1145/1518701.1518927acmconferencesArticle/Chapter ViewAbstractPublication PageschiConference Proceedingsconference-collections
research-article

Coordinating tasks on the commons: designing for personal goals, expertise and serendipity

Published: 04 April 2009 Publication History

Abstract

How is work created, assigned, and completed on large-scale, crowd-powered systems like Wikipedia? And what design principles might enable these federated online systems to be more effective? This paper reports on a qualitative study of work and task practices on Wikipedia. Despite the availability of tag-based community-wide task assignment mechanisms, informants reported that self-directed goals, within-topic expertise, and fortuitous discovery are more frequently used than community-tagged tasks. We examine how Wikipedia editors organize their actions and the actions of other participants, and what implications this has for understanding, and building tools for, crowd-powered systems, or any web site where the main
force of production comes from a crowd of online participants. From these observations and insights, we developed WikiTasks, a tool that integrates with Wikipedia and supports both grassroots creation of site-wide tasks and self-selection of personal tasks, accepted from this larger pool of community tasks.

References

[1]
Adler, B., and Alfaro, L. Acontent-driven reputation system for the wikipedia. WWW'07: Proceedings of the 16th international conference on World Wide Web (May 2007).
[2]
Allen, D. Getting Things Done: The Art of Stress-Free Productivity. Penguin Books, 2003.
[3]
Almeida,R.,Mozafari,B.,and Cho,J. On the evolution of wikipedia. Proc. of ICWSM(Dec 2007).
[4]
Amazon. Mechanical turk {online}. Available from: http://mturk.com.
[5]
Bellotti, V., Dalal, B., Good, N., Flynn, P., and Bobrow, D. What a to-do: studies of task management towards the design of a personal task list manager.Proceedings of the SIGCHIconference on Human factors in computing(Dec 2004).
[6]
Bellotti, V., Ducheneaut, N., Howard, M., and Smith, I. Taking email to task: the design and evaluation of a task management centered email tool.CHI'03: Proceedings of the SIGCHIconference on Human factors in computing systems(Apr 2003).
[7]
Benkler, Y. The Wealth of Networks: How Social Production Transforms Markets and Freedom. Yale University Press, 2006.
[8]
Beschastnikh, I., Kriplean, T., and McDonald, D. Wikipedian self-governance in action: Motivating the policy lens. Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence(2008).
[9]
Bryant, S., Forte, A., and Bruckman, A. Becoming wikipedian: transformation of participation in a collaborative online encyclopedia.GROUP'05: Proceedings of the 2005 international ACM SIGGROUPconference on Supporting group work (Nov 2005).
[10]
Buriol, L., Castillo, C., Donato, D., and Leonardi, S. Temporal analysis of the wikigraph. Proc. of Web Intelligence(Dec 2006).
[11]
Community, W. Wikipedia {online}. Available from: http://wikipedia.org.
[12]
Cosley, D., Frankowski, D., Terveen, L., and Riedl, J. Using intelligent task routing and contribution review to help communities build artifacts of lasting value. CHI'06: Proceedings of the SIGCHIconference on Human Factors in computing systems(Apr 2006).
[13]
Cosley, D., Frankowski, D., Terveen, L., and Riedl, J. Suggestbot: using intelligent task routing to help people find work in wikipedia. IUI'07: Proceedings of the 12th international conference on Intelligent user interfaces(Jan 2007).
[14]
Forte, A., and Bruckman, A. Why do people write for wikipedia?incentives to contribute to open-content publishing.
[15]
Gabrilovich, E., and Markovitch, S. Computing semantic relatedness using wikipedia-based explicit semantic analysis. Proceedings of the 20th International Joint Conference on &(Dec 2007).
[16]
Kittur, A., Chi, E., Pendleton, B., Suh, B., and Mytkowicz, T. Power of the few vs. wisdom of the crowd: Wikipedia and the rise of the bourgeoisie.CHI '07: Proceeding of the twenty-fifth annual SIGCHI conference on Human factors in computing systems (2007).
[17]
Kleek, M., Bernstein, M., Karger, D., and mcschraefel. Gui - phooey!: the case for text input. UIST'07: Proceedings of the 20th annual ACMsymposium on User interface software and technology(Oct 2007).
[18]
Kreifelts, T., Hinrichs, E., and Woetzel, G. Sharing to-do lists with a distributed task manager. ECSCW'93: Proceedings of the third conference on European Conference on Computer--Supported Cooperative Work (Sep 1993).
[19]
Kriplean, T., Beschastnikh, I., and McDonald, D. Articulations of wikiwork: uncovering valued work in wikipedia through barnstars. InProceedings of the ACM2008 conference on Computer supported cooperative work(2008), ACMNew York, NY, USA, pp. 47--56.
[20]
Kuznetsov, S. Motivations of contributors to wikipedia. ACMSIGCASComputers and Society(Jan 2006).
[21]
Magnus. Wiki todo {online}. Available from: http://toolserver.org/~magnus/wikitodo.php.
[22]
Pearce, J. Volunteers: The organizational behavior of unpaid workers. books.google.com(Jan 1993).
[23]
Riehle, D. How and why wikipedia works: an interview with angela beesley, elisabeth bauer, and kizu naoko. WikiSym '06: Proceedings of the 2006 international symposium on Wikis(Aug 2006).
[24]
Stalder, F., and Hirsh, J. Open source intelligence. First Monday 7, 6 (2002).
[25]
Suh, B., Chi, E., Kittur, A., and Pendleton, B. Lifting the veil: improving accountability and social transparency in wikipedia with wikidashboard. CHI '08: Proceeding of the twenty-sixth annual SIGCHI conference on Human factors in computing systems (Apr 2008).
[26]
Viégas, F., Wattenberg, M., and Dave, K. Studying cooperation and conflict between authors with history flow visualizations. CHI'04: Proceedings of the SIGCHIconference on Human factors in computing systems(Apr 2004).
[27]
Viégas, F., Wattenberg, M., and McKeon, M. M. The hidden order of wikipedia. HCII(2007).
[28]
Wattenberg, M., Viegas, F., and Hollenbach, K. Visualizing activity on wikipedia with chromograms. LECTURENOTESINCOMPUTERSCIENCE(Dec 2007).
[29]
Whittaker, S., and Sidner, C. Email overload: exploring personal information management of email.CHI'96: Proceedings of the SIGCHIconference on Human factors in computing systems: common ground(Apr 1996).

Cited By

View all

Index Terms

  1. Coordinating tasks on the commons: designing for personal goals, expertise and serendipity

    Recommendations

    Comments

    Information & Contributors

    Information

    Published In

    cover image ACM Conferences
    CHI '09: Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
    April 2009
    2426 pages
    ISBN:9781605582467
    DOI:10.1145/1518701
    Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected]

    Sponsors

    Publisher

    Association for Computing Machinery

    New York, NY, United States

    Publication History

    Published: 04 April 2009

    Permissions

    Request permissions for this article.

    Check for updates

    Author Tags

    1. Wikipedia
    2. crowdsourcing
    3. social software
    4. task management

    Qualifiers

    • Research-article

    Conference

    CHI '09
    Sponsor:

    Acceptance Rates

    CHI '09 Paper Acceptance Rate 277 of 1,130 submissions, 25%;
    Overall Acceptance Rate 6,199 of 26,314 submissions, 24%

    Upcoming Conference

    CHI 2025
    ACM CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
    April 26 - May 1, 2025
    Yokohama , Japan

    Contributors

    Other Metrics

    Bibliometrics & Citations

    Bibliometrics

    Article Metrics

    • Downloads (Last 12 months)16
    • Downloads (Last 6 weeks)0
    Reflects downloads up to 21 Dec 2024

    Other Metrics

    Citations

    Cited By

    View all

    View Options

    Login options

    View options

    PDF

    View or Download as a PDF file.

    PDF

    eReader

    View online with eReader.

    eReader

    Media

    Figures

    Other

    Tables

    Share

    Share

    Share this Publication link

    Share on social media