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Low-power high-accuracy timing systems for efficient duty cycling

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Mani B. SrivastavaAuthors Info & Claims

ISLPED '08: Proceedings of the 2008 international symposium on Low Power Electronics & Design

Pages 75 - 80

https://doi.org/10.1145/1393921.1393943

Published: 11 August 2008 Publication History

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Abstract

Time keeping and synchronization are important services for networked and embedded systems. High quality timing information allows embedded network nodes to provide accurate time-stamping, fast localization, efficient duty cycling schedules, and other basic but essential functions - all of which are required for low power operation.

In this paper we present a new type of local clock source called Crystal Compensated Crystal based Timer (XCXT) and a number of novel algorithms that effectively utilize it to achieve low power consumption in wireless sensor networks. The XCXT has timing accuracies similar to timers based on temperature compensated crystal oscillators (TCXO) but has a lower implementation cost and requires less power. Our initial 8MHz prototype unit, using the simplest algorithm, achieves an effective frequency stability of ±1.2ppm and consumes only 1.27mW. On the other hand, commercially available TCXOs with similar stability can cost over 10 times as much and consume over 20mW.

In addition to the prototype, we will present algorithms that will improve the XCXT's power consumption by at least 48%, depending on application and environmental conditions. We will also show how XCXT's power efficiency can be improved even further by employing clocks at different frequency when different time granularities are required by an application.

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Zhou BGuo FVuran M(2022)Timestamp-Free Clock Syntonization for IoT Using Carrier Frequency OffsetIEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing10.1109/TMC.2020.300913221:2(712-727)Online publication date: 1-Feb-2022
https://doi.org/10.1109/TMC.2020.3009132
Susin MWanner LResner DFrohlich A(2017)Time Synchronization under Temperature and Distance Variations2017 VII Brazilian Symposium on Computing Systems Engineering (SBESC)10.1109/SBESC.2017.29(167-172)Online publication date: Nov-2017
https://doi.org/10.1109/SBESC.2017.29
Guo XZheng XHe Y(2017)WiZig: Cross-technology energy communication over a noisy channelIEEE INFOCOM 2017 - IEEE Conference on Computer Communications10.1109/INFOCOM.2017.8057108(1-9)Online publication date: May-2017
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Low-power high-accuracy timing systems for efficient duty cycling
1. Hardware

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Published In

ISLPED '08: Proceedings of the 2008 international symposium on Low Power Electronics & Design

August 2008

396 pages

ISBN:9781605581095

DOI:10.1145/1393921

General Chairs:
Vijaykrishnan Narayanan
Penn State University
,
C. P. Ravikumar
Texas Instruments
,
Joerg Henkel
Univeristy of Karlsruhe
,
Ali Keshavarzi
Intel Corporation
,
Program Chairs:
Vojin G. Oklobdzija
University of Texas at Dallas
,
Barry Pangrle
Pangrle Consulting

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Association for Computing Machinery

New York, NY, United States

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Published: 11 August 2008

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ISLPED08: International Symposium on Low Power Electronics and Design

August 11 - 13, 2008

Bangalore, India

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Overall Acceptance Rate 398 of 1,159 submissions, 34%

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Zhou BGuo FVuran M(2022)Timestamp-Free Clock Syntonization for IoT Using Carrier Frequency OffsetIEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing10.1109/TMC.2020.300913221:2(712-727)Online publication date: 1-Feb-2022
https://doi.org/10.1109/TMC.2020.3009132
Susin MWanner LResner DFrohlich A(2017)Time Synchronization under Temperature and Distance Variations2017 VII Brazilian Symposium on Computing Systems Engineering (SBESC)10.1109/SBESC.2017.29(167-172)Online publication date: Nov-2017
https://doi.org/10.1109/SBESC.2017.29
Guo XZheng XHe Y(2017)WiZig: Cross-technology energy communication over a noisy channelIEEE INFOCOM 2017 - IEEE Conference on Computer Communications10.1109/INFOCOM.2017.8057108(1-9)Online publication date: May-2017
https://doi.org/10.1109/INFOCOM.2017.8057108
Guo FZhou BVuran M(2017)CFOSynt: Carrier frequency offset assisted clock syntonization for wireless sensor networksIEEE INFOCOM 2017 - IEEE Conference on Computer Communications10.1109/INFOCOM.2017.8057075(1-9)Online publication date: May-2017
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Lim JKim JFriedman JLee UVieira LRosso DGerla MSrivastava M(2013)SewerSnortAd Hoc Networks10.1016/j.adhoc.2011.01.01611:4(1456-1471)Online publication date: 1-Jun-2013
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Brzozowski MSalomon HLangendoerfer P(2012)Support for a Long Lifetime and Short End-to-End Delays with TDMA Protocols in Sensor NetworksInternational Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks10.1155/2012/6517488:8(651748)Online publication date: Jan-2012
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Li XBleakley CBober W(2012)Enhanced Beacon-Enabled Mode for improved IEEE 802.15.4 low data rate performanceWireless Networks10.1007/s11276-011-0387-y18:1(59-74)Online publication date: 1-Jan-2012
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Dutta PKuo YLedeczi ASchmid TVolgyesi PXie GBeverly RMorris RDavie B(2010)Putting the software radio on a low-calorie dietProceedings of the 9th ACM SIGCOMM Workshop on Hot Topics in Networks10.1145/1868447.1868467(1-6)Online publication date: 20-Oct-2010
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Brzozowski MSalomon HLangendoerfer P(2010)On Efficient Clock Drift Prediction Means and their Applicability to IEEE 802.15.4Proceedings of the 2010 IEEE/IFIP International Conference on Embedded and Ubiquitous Computing10.1109/EUC.2010.39(216-223)Online publication date: 11-Dec-2010
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Kim JLim JFriedman JLee UVieira LRosso DGerla MSrivastava M(2009)SewerSnortProceedings of the 6th Annual IEEE communications society conference on Sensor, Mesh and Ad Hoc Communications and Networks10.5555/1687299.1687377(691-699)Online publication date: 22-Jun-2009
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On the interaction of clocks, power, and synchronization in duty-cycled embedded sensor nodes

High-resolution, low-power time synchronization an oxymoron no more

Exploiting manufacturing variations for compensating environment-induced clock drift in time synchronization

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On the interaction of clocks, power, and synchronization in duty-cycled embedded sensor nodes

High-resolution, low-power time synchronization an oxymoron no more

Exploiting manufacturing variations for compensating environment-induced clock drift in time synchronization

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