Article

k-bound GSI: a flexible database replication protocol

Authors:

J. E. Armendáriz-Iñigo,

J. R. G. de Mendívil,

F. D. Muñoz-EscoíAuthors Info & Claims

SAC '07: Proceedings of the 2007 ACM symposium on Applied computing

Pages 556 - 560

https://doi.org/10.1145/1244002.1244130

Published: 11 March 2007 Publication History

Abstract

Several previous works have proven that there is no way of guaranteeing a snapshot isolation level in symmetrical replicated database systems without blocking transactions when they are started. As a result of this, the generalized snapshot isolation (GSI) level was defined, relaxing a bit the freshness of the snapshot being taken when a transaction is initiated in its local replica. This enhances performance, since transactions do not need to get blocked, but in some cases will increase the abortion rate. This paper proposes a flexible protocol that is able to bound the degree of snapshot outdateness from a relaxed GSI to the strict one-copy equivalent SI. Additionally, it proposes an optimistic solution where transactions do not block, and only need to be re-initiated when their optimistic start fails. Such re-initialization is made very soon and only rolls back the first transaction accesses, without waiting for the transaction completion. Finally, if 1CSI is not enough, this protocol is also able to manage transactions with serializable isolation, if such a level is requested.

References

[1]

H. Berenson, P. Bernstein, J. Gray, J. Melton, E. O'Neil, and P. O'Neil. A critique of ANSI SQL isolation levels. In ACM SIGMOD International Conference on Management of Data, pages 1--10, San José, CA, USA, May 1995.

Digital Library

[2]

J. M. Bernabé-Gisbert, R. Salinas-Monteagudo, L. Irún-Briz, and F. D. Muñoz-Escoí. A protocol for reconciling recovery and high-availability in replicated databases. In 4th International Symposium on Parallel and Distributed Processing and Applications (ISPA '06), volume 4330 of LNCS, pages 511--523. Springer, 2006.

[3]

P. A. Bernstein, V. Hadzilacos, and N. Goodman. Concurrency Control and Recovery in Database Systems. Addison Wesley, Reading, MA, EE.UU., 1987.

Digital Library

[4]

S. Elnikety, F. Pedone, and W. Zwaenepoel. Database replication providing generalized snapshot isolation. In 24th IEEE Symposium on Reliable Distributed Systems, pages 73--84, Orlando, FL, USA, Oct. 2005.

Digital Library

[5]

A. Fekete, D. Liarokapis, E. O'Neil, P. O'Neil, and D. Shasha. Making snapshot isolation serializable. ACM Trans. Database Syst., 30(2):492--528, 2005.

Digital Library

[6]

J. R. González de Mendívil, J. E. Armendáriz, J. R. Garitagoitia, L. Irún, and F. D. Muñoz. Non-blocking ROWA protocols implement generalized snapshot isolation using snapshot isolation replicas. Technical report, ITI-ITE-06/04, Instituto Tecnológico de Informática, Valencia, Spain, July 2006.

[7]

J. Gray, P. Helland, P. O'Neil, and D. Shasha. The dangers of replication and a solution. In ACM SIGMOD International Conference on Management of Data, pages 173--182, Canada, 1996.

Digital Library

[8]

V. Hadzilacos and S. Toueg. A modular approach to fault-tolerant broadcasts and related problems. Technical Report TR94--1425, Cornell University, Computer Science Department, May 1994.

Digital Library

[9]

L. Irún, H. Decker, R. de Juan, F. Castro, J. E. Armendáriz, and F. D. Muñoz. MADIS: a slim middleware for database replication. In 11th Intnl. Euro-Par Conf., pages 349--359, Monte de Caparica (Lisbon), Portugal, Sept. 2005.

Digital Library

[10]

B. Kemme and G. Alonso. A new approach to developing and implementing eager database replication protocols. ACM Transactions on Database Systems, 25(3):333--379, Sept. 2000.

Digital Library

[11]

Y. Lin, B. Kemme, M. Patiño, and R. Jiménez. Middleware-based data replication providing snapshot isolation. In ACM SIGMOD Int. Conf. on Management of Data, pages 419--430, Baltimore, Maryland, USA, June 2005.

Digital Library

[12]

F. D. Muñoz, J. Pla, M. I. Ruiz, L. Irún, H. Decker, J. E. Armendáriz, and J. R. González de Mendívil. Managing transaction conflicts in middleware-based database replication protocols. In 25th IEEE Symposium on Reliable Distributed Systems, Leeds, UK, Oct. 2006.

Digital Library

[13]

M. Wiesmann and A. Schiper. Comparison of database replication techniques based on total order broadcast. IEEE Trans. Knowl. Data Eng., 17(4):551--566, 2005.

Digital Library

[14]

M. Wiesmann, A. Schiper, F. Pedone, B. Kemme, and G. Alonso. Database replication techniques: A three parameter classification. In 19th IEEE Symposium on Reliable Distributed Systems, pages 206--217, Oct. 2000.

Digital Library

[15]

V. Zuikeviciute and F. Pedone. Revisiting the database state machine approach. In Workshop on Design, Implementation, and Deployment of Database Replication (in VLDB 2005), Aug 2005.

Cited By

Armendáriz-Iñigo JJuárez-Rodríguez Jde Mendívil JGaritagoitia JMuñoz-Escoí FIrún-Briz L(2009)Relaxed Approaches for Correct DB-Replication with SI ReplicasSoftware and Data Technologies10.1007/978-3-642-05201-9_13(161-174)Online publication date: 2009
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-05201-9_13
Fritzke UValentim RGomes LPu CKersten MOliveira R(2008)Adaptive replication control based on consensusProceedings of the 2nd workshop on Dependable distributed data management10.1145/1435523.1435524(1-10)Online publication date: 1-Apr-2008
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/1435523.1435524
Salinas RBernabe-Gisbert JMunoz-Escoi FArmendariz-Inigo JGonzalez de Mendivil J(2007)SIRC, a multiple isolation level protocol for middleware-based data replication2007 22nd international symposium on computer and information sciences10.1109/ISCIS.2007.4456831(1-6)Online publication date: Nov-2007
https://doi.org/10.1109/ISCIS.2007.4456831

Index Terms

k-bound GSI: a flexible database replication protocol

Recommendations

SIPRe: a partial database replication protocol with SI replicas
SAC '08: Proceedings of the 2008 ACM symposium on Applied computing

Database replication has been researched as a solution to overcome the problems of performance and availability of distributed systems. Full database replication, based on group communication systems, is an attempt to enhance performance that works well ...
A new approach to developing and implementing eager database replication protocols

Database replication is traditionally seen as a way to increase the availability and performance of distributed databases. Although a large number of protocols providing data consistency and fault-tolerance have been proposed, few of these ideas have ...
A Database Replication Protocol Where Multicast Writesets Are Always Committed
ARES '08: Proceedings of the 2008 Third International Conference on Availability, Reliability and Security

Database replication protocols based on a certification approach are usually the best ones for achieving good performance. The weak voting approach achieves a slightly longer transaction completion time, but with a lower abortion rate. So, both ...

Comments

Information & Contributors

Information

Published In

cover image ACM Conferences

SAC '07: Proceedings of the 2007 ACM symposium on Applied computing

March 2007

1688 pages

ISBN:1595934804

DOI:10.1145/1244002

Conference Chairs:
Yookun Cho
Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
,
Roger L. Wainwright
University of Tulsa, Tulsa, Oklahoma
,
Hisham M. Haddad
Kennesaw State University, Kennesaw, Georgia
,
Sung Y. Shin
South Dakota State University, Brookings, South Dakota
,
Program Chair:
Yong Wan Koo
The University of Suwon, Gyeongggi-do, Korea

Copyright © 2007 ACM.

Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected]

Sponsors

SIGAPP: ACM Special Interest Group on Applied Computing

Publisher

Association for Computing Machinery

New York, NY, United States

Publication History

Published: 11 March 2007

Permissions

Request permissions for this article.

Request Permissions

Check for updates

Author Tags

Qualifiers

Article

Conference

SAC07

Sponsor:

SIGAPP

SAC07: The 2007 ACM Symposium on Applied Computing

March 11 - 15, 2007

Seoul, Korea

Acceptance Rates

Overall Acceptance Rate 1,650 of 6,669 submissions, 25%

Upcoming Conference

SAC '25

Sponsor:
sigapp

The 40th ACM/SIGAPP Symposium on Applied Computing

March 31 - April 4, 2025

Catania , Italy

Contributors

Other Metrics

View Article Metrics

Bibliometrics & Citations

Bibliometrics

Article Metrics

3
Total Citations
View Citations
266
Total Downloads

Downloads (Last 12 months)1
Downloads (Last 6 weeks)0

Reflects downloads up to 03 Jan 2025

Other Metrics

View Author Metrics

Citations

Cited By

Armendáriz-Iñigo JJuárez-Rodríguez Jde Mendívil JGaritagoitia JMuñoz-Escoí FIrún-Briz L(2009)Relaxed Approaches for Correct DB-Replication with SI ReplicasSoftware and Data Technologies10.1007/978-3-642-05201-9_13(161-174)Online publication date: 2009
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-05201-9_13
Fritzke UValentim RGomes LPu CKersten MOliveira R(2008)Adaptive replication control based on consensusProceedings of the 2nd workshop on Dependable distributed data management10.1145/1435523.1435524(1-10)Online publication date: 1-Apr-2008
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/1435523.1435524
Salinas RBernabe-Gisbert JMunoz-Escoi FArmendariz-Inigo JGonzalez de Mendivil J(2007)SIRC, a multiple isolation level protocol for middleware-based data replication2007 22nd international symposium on computer and information sciences10.1109/ISCIS.2007.4456831(1-6)Online publication date: Nov-2007
https://doi.org/10.1109/ISCIS.2007.4456831

View Options

Login options

Check if you have access through your login credentials or your institution to get full access on this article.

Full Access

Get this Publication

View options

PDF

View or Download as a PDF file.

eReader

View online with eReader.

Media

Figures

Other

Tables

View Table of Contents